Reconstrucción de la cerámica de \"La Diosa de Salchite\". Una propuesta de anastilosis virtual para su tipología

August 12, 2017 | Autor: J. Ocharan Ibarra | Categoría: Iron Age Iberian Peninsula (Archaeology), Arqueología, Protohistory, Santuarios iberos
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