International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 2, February 2017, pp. 579–587 Article ID: IJCIET_08_02_060 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=2 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication
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PREPARATION OF MODEL URBAN ACTION PLAN FOR EFFECTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM A.P P. Krishnamraju M. Tech student, Department of Civil Engineering, KL University, Green fields, Vaddeswaram-522502, Guntur (D.t), A.P, India S. Shahabas Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, KL University, Green fields, Vaddeswaram-522502, Guntur (D.t), A.P, India SS. Asadi Associate Dean, Department of. Civil Engineering, KL University, Green fields, Vaddeswaram-522502, Guntur (D.t), A.P, India ABSTRACT The Indian government stated a programme of building 100 smart cities in India. The proposed study aims to identify the measures to refresh and to improve the improper urban organization, quality of life, and achieving maintainable development. Socio-economic requirements are the key aspects behind the rapid urbanization in India. This research presents the requirement of a holistic, integrated, and multidisciplinary method to the concept of smart cities. The study area is a part of Chittoor district in south-eastern part of Andhra Pradesh. It is one among the cities which is selected to make ‘smart city’ by the Indian government. generally, in urban areas facing the problems in water supply system, transport network, waste water management plans, storm water management plans, solid waste management plans, keepingthis in view this study has been taken into objective and to prepare action plan for this study transport network, water supply system, waste water management plans, solid waste management plans and storm water management. Key words: Transport plans, Water supply network, Sanitation, Sewage management, storm water management. Cite This Article: P. Krishnamraju, S. Shahabas and SS. Asadi, Preparation of Model Urban Action Plan For Effective Environmental Management: A Case Study From A.P. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(2), 2017, pp. 579–587. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=2
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1. INTRODUCTION Urbanization has become a common feature of Indian society. Growth of Industries has contributed to the growth of cities. As a result of industrialization people have started moving towards the industrial areas in search of employment. This has resulted in the growth of towns and cities. With a high rate of urbanization significant changes have taken place. The effect of urbanization can be summed up as follows: Urbanization can yield positive effects if it takes place up to a desirable limit. Extensive urbanization or indiscriminate growth of cities may result in adverse effects. They may be as follows: Concentration of population is a major problem of cities. It has resulted in accommodation problem, growth of slums etc. In industrialized cities pollution is a major problem. It may be caused by industries or by excessive movement of vehicles. In urbanization, the resources are getting vanished / getting run out Thus, urbanization has its own merits and de-merits. Urbanization can’t be avoided. But the negative effect of urbanization can be minimized.
1.1. Description of study area The city is one of the popular cities in Andhra, is rich in its culture and heritage. The city is historically and religiously important as such the government gives prime importance to its development. The present study becomes relevant as the city is important in many aspects and contributing a significant share to Indian tourism. The study covers some of the major areas including transport development plans, water supply network, solid waste management, sewage management and storm water management. The paper aims to explore the challenges that Tirupati needs to overcome in order to attain the status of a Smart City. The Tirupati city covers an area of 16.07 sq. km with population if 3.42 lakhs. Monsoon remains moderate and summer experiences temperatures ranging from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius. In winter the minimum temperatures will be between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius. Usually summer lasts from March to June, with the advent of rainy season in July, followed by winter which lasts till the end of February. The city experiences maximum rainfall in November during northeast monsoon season.
2. OBJECTIVES Preparation of model action plan for water supply system, transport network, waste water management, storm water management and solid waste management
3. METHODODLOGY To make any city smart city at first, we have to develop/improve the present conditions of the area and by improving/solving the present challenges we make the step in making smart city. The methodology flowchart shown in Figure 1. •
Collection of data for present conditions
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Analyze the present conditions
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Making recommendations for present challenges
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Preparation of Model Urban Action Plan For Effective Environmental Management: A Case Study From A.P
Figure 1 Step by step process of methodology
4 .RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1. Water Distribution System Water supply network is one of the integral parts of the development in every city as such the main focus of attention should be on this area. Tirupati has a humid climatic condition with monsoon season is from July and October. Normal Rainfall in Chittoor district is 943mm and Tirupati is a frequently drought prone area, the rain fall is which is alike distributed between Southwest and Northeast monsoon. Regarding the ground water levels, the data of Chittoor district shows that water levels are decreasing progressively during prehttp://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp
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monsoon and post monsoon periods. Weakening of ground water levels in the district during pre-monsoon period fluctuated from 0.08 to 0.80 m/year in 28 stations out of 38 stations with general deteriorating inclination of 0.10 to 0.40 m/y, Sources and Availability: This gives data about availability of water sources avail at Tirupati region. Tirupati region is mainly depending upon two main water sources which is located nearby distance of Tirupati they are Kandaleru reservoir and Kalyani dam which is located at 32km and 17 km from Tirupati respectively. The municipal corporation of Tirupati is getting 39 MLD and 12 MLD from these reservoirs. in addition to that the MCT is getting water from bores and hand bores and power bores is connected to local pipe network to cater public daily needs Storage and Distribution: For distribution of water the whole city is alienated into three water circulation zones spreading over the 36 wards. Water is distributed from these Handling plants to 6 storage reservoirs situated in different places of the town. Per capita supply and Supply duration: in lack of better administration the problems arising during supply and lack of metering and supervision results delays in maintenance. Nearly 78% of people are covered with water supply system by MCT and the remaining people depending on bore wells and public taps Metering and Non-revenue water: Majority of connections does not have the water metering and current metering is limited to 3.6% only of all connections. At present described NRW is 15.7%, but while examination of NRW is forced by lack of metering at bulk levels and weak official data. Based on the type and age of delivery network it is difficult to ensure water metering, lack of metering and high level of unauthorised connections, NRW could be aloft of 25%. Service levels in slums: The Shantytowns in municipal corporation Tirupati has sensible good access to water supply comparative to the respite of the city.in slums there is widespread of pipe network of 54 km.
Figure 2 Represents the Water supply system
In water supply network the 100% results is achieved by providing 100% connections and by improving water supply network without any losses and to plan the water supply network based on natural slope. This results in lowering operation & maintenance costs. And by installing smart water meters the water is saved. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp
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The main motto of installing smart meters is to create awareness of people about usage of water. To supplement water of 100 MLD from Kandaleru can assuage water availability concerns and possible to enlarge access to entire area by introducing a water master plan and to Possible to improve service delivery gaps through a time-bound presentation and development program. Leakages are to be noticed by real time Scada automation system to serve better
4.2. Transport development plans The total roads covered area in Tirupati municipality are 157 km. In this the road of width varies from 28m, 20m, 18m, 15m, 12m, 9m,8m, 6m and
