Modelos de crecimiento estacionariedad y rompimientos comparación entre las tendencias de crecimiento de las economías de la OCDE y las de los países menos desarrollados

The aim of this article is to define whether the per capita Gross Domestic Products(PCGDP) of 145 economies have a unit root with breaks or are trend stationarywith breaks during the period 1950–2000, and then establish a relation with growthmodels (endogenous and exogenous) and with changes in economic fundamentalsor changes in technological progress that break trends (intercepts or slopes) underthe guide of Lau (1997). Additionally, we identify changes in the long-term growthtrends of these economies in a way similar to that described by Ben-David andPapell (1998) in their study of 74 countries, but now using the panel stationaritytest with multiple breaks of Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2005). With this in mind, we define twelve different kinds of breaks, defined to compare average growthrate pre-break versus the average growth rate post break. The analysis examinedwhether the slowdown in member economies of the Organization for EconomicCo-operation and Development (OECD) occurred before, concurrent with orafter the slowdown in the Least Developed Economies (LDE). We also look atsome of the causes of the slowdowns and meltdowns in Latin American Economies(LAE), including some that were internal, some external, some common tovarious economies, and some peculiar to just one.