La ocupación humana en la quebrada de Zapagua (Puna de Jujuy)

Arqueología de la Puna Argentina: Perspectivas actuales en el estudio de la diversidad y el cambio cultural

Capítulo 2

LA OCUPACIÓ HUMA A E LA QUEBRADA DE ZAPAGUA (PU A DE JUJUY)

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: En este trabajo, nos proponemos contribuir a la problemática de la evolución y cambio cultural en las Tierras Altas de Argentina, describiendo las características de la ocupación humana en la quebrada de Zapagua, centro de Azul Pampa, Dto. Humahuaca, Jujuy. Allí, materiales fechados por nosotros pertenecientes a una colección particular, informan sobre la ocupación humana del lugar, desde más de 5.000 años atrás. Enfatizamos aquí la evidencia de los Períodos Formativo, de Desarrollos Regionales e Inka a través de los materiales y fechados recuperados en el sitio arqueológico Alto Zapagua y la quebrada homónima sobre la que se localiza, períodos de los cuales hay un vacío de información. Es el objeto de este trabajo contribuir a este problema desde una perspectiva que contempla el desarrollo cultural a gran escala y la comparación de los datos entre diferentes regiones. Se sostiene que desde momentos muy tempranos, la quebrada de Zapagua desempeñó un rol fundamental en las actividades llevadas a cabo por las poblaciones de cazadores recolectores, y luego formativas. A lo largo del tiempo, esta vía natural constituyó un lugar de importancia geopolítica estratégica durante los Períodos de Desarrollos Regionales e Inka y en la actualidad. : Interacción – Caminos – Fechados radiocarbónicos – Desarrollo cultural – Intensificación.

: In this paper, we try to contribute to the discussion on the evolution and cultural change in the Highlands of Argentina, describing the characteristics of the human occupation at the Zapagua gorge, centre of Azul Pampa, Humahuaca Department, Jujuy. There, archaeological remains radiocarbon3dated by us from a private collection, reported on the human occupation of the place since more than 5,000 years ago. Paying special attention to the Formative, Regional Developments and Inka periods through the material evidence recovered at the archaeological site of Alto Zapagua and the same name gorge, where the site is placed. For those periods, local information is scarce. The aim of this paper is to contribute with this subject from a perspective that considers the cultural development within an ample scale and the comparison of data between different regions. We consider that since very early periods, the Zapagua gorge played a fundamental role in the activities carried out by the hunter – gatherer and afterwards formative societies. Through time, this natural way developed in a strategic and geopolitically important place, during the Local Developments and Inka periods as well as nowadays. : Interaction – Roads – Radiocarbon datings – Cultural development – Intensification.

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