Evaluación de unidades familiares de producción lechera en Aguascalientes: estrategias para incrementar su producción y rentabilidad•

In order to analyze family milk production inAguascalientes, ten units in three communitieswere evaluated during the period 2009-2010.The following was done: control of production(weekly weighing milk) and reproductive databy computer. Chemical analysis of the componentsof the feed used (AQP, Van Soest),computer balancing of diets and productioncost analysis. The diagnosis was based on themodel of Medicine Production, finding averageyields under 16 liters (15.17±5.54), with peakproduction variables (16-40 liters), due to lowcost diets ($12-30/d) with low dry matter (12-15kg DM/d), energy (20-25 ENLac/d) andcrude protein (2-2.5 kg/d), which reduces theprojection 305d (5,609±1,862) , utility/herd/month (UHM: $1,200) and utility/cow/month(UCM: $120). Strategies used by producerswere: A) selection of livestock and disposalof low producing cows (projection 305d<6,000 kg) for the purchase of feed, increasingUHM and UCM, six to seven times, B) improveproduction, increasing feed quantities (kgDM/day), balancing diets upon productive stage(high, medium, low producers), substitutinggrain for high quality fodder, C) governmentsupport for the purchase of food (“starter kit”)during the transition period and early lactation,D) establish dairy value chain: production,cooling, storage, processing and marketing inthe system of solidarity economy stores. Theimplementation of these productive strategies ina supportive social environment can improve theeconomy and efficiency of the FMPU, to turnthem into profitable family business.Key wordsBovine, models, dairy, economy, solidarity,productivity.