BHV-1 glycoprotein 1 and recombinant interleukin 1β efficiently elicit mucosal IgA response

Vaccine, Vol. 13, No. 9, pp. 871-877, 1995 Copyright 8 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0284-410)(/95 $iO+O.OO

0264-410X(94)00004-2

BHV-1 glycoprotein 1 and recombinant interleukin 1 p efficiently elicit mucosal IgA response Yi Gao*,

Michael

J. Daleyt

and Gary A. Splitter*$

The mucosal immune response to most soluble antigens administered directly to the mucosal system is low and requires a large amount of antigen and frequent vaccinations. In this study we tested whether immunizing cattle at a site which shares lymphatic drainage with the nasal mucosa could prime local mucosal immunity. We further tested whether recombinant bovine IL-ID (rBoIL-l/3) could potentiate the induction of mucosal immunity. Animals were immunized subcutaneously at the base of the ear (s.e.) with recombinant bovine herpesvirus-l (BHV-1) envelope glycoprotein I (gI) (35 ,ug animal’) emulsified in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant with or without rBoIL-l/3 (500 ng kg-t) followed by a second immunization 42 days later. Animals were challenged with virulent BHV-I intranasally 42 days after the second immunization. Mucosal IgA from the nares was induced after only one immunization, and enhanced by boosting. rBoIL-l/3 treated animals had higher levels of BHV-I specific nasal IgA (~~0.01) and serum neutralizing antibody (p