Avances en la aplicación del método geoestdístico de analítica espacial en Fortín Otamendi (1858-1869).

AVANCES EN LA APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO GEO-ESTADÍSTICO DE ANALÍTICA ESPACIAL EN FORTÍN OTAMENDI (1858-1869)

$OIUHGR0D[LPLDQR&DVWLOOHMR )DFXQGR*yPH]5RPHUR

5(680(1 (QHVWHWUDEDMRVHFRQVLGHUDODDSOLFDFLyQGHPpWRGRVJHRHVWDGtVWLFRVHQHOVLWLR )RUWtQ2WDPHQGL 6HWUDWDGHXQDVHQWDPLHQWRPLOLWDUXELFDGRDO6XUGHOD 3URYLQFLDGH%XHQRV$LUHVSHUWHQHFLHQWHDOSHUtRGRKLVWyULFRGHQRPLQDGR´/DFRQTXLVWD GHOGHVLHUWRµ(OWUDEDMRDUTXHROyJLFRGHFDPSRHQGLFKRVLWLRSHUPLWLyODUHFXSHUDFLyQGH XQDPDWHULDOLGDGFRQFUHWDDODTXHVHOHDSOLFDHODQiOLVLVJHRHVWDGtVWLFR%iVLFDPHQWH SDUDFRQRFHUFXiOHVODHVWUXFWXUDHVSDFLDOGHODVSREODFLRQHVUHJLVWUDGDV(OUHVXOWDGR GHODQiOLVLVHVHOFRQWUDVWHGHXQSDWUyQQHWDPHQWHDOHDWRULRGHODGLVWULEXFLyQGHORV UHVWRVPDWHULDOHVHQHOiUHDH[FDYDGDGH)RUWtQ2WDPHQGL(VWHWUDEDMRH[SOLFDFXDOIXH HOPpWRGRHPSOHDGRSDUDDUULEDUDWDOFRQFOXVLyQ\VXYDORUDFLyQHOTXHDVXYH]VHUi DSOLFDGRHQRWURVVHFWRUHVGHO\DFLPLHQWR 3DODEUDVFODYHVJHRHVWDGtVWLFD)RUWtQ2WDPHQGLDQDOtWLFDHVSDFLDO

5(6802 1HVWHWUDEDOKRVHFRQVLGHUDODDSOLFDoDRGHPHWRGRORJtDJHRHVWDWtVWLFDQHOVLWLR )RUWtP2WDPHQGL $VVHQWDPHQWR PLOLWDUXELFDGRDRVXOGD3URYtQFLDGR %XHQRV$LUHVSHUWHQHFHQWHDRSHUtRGRKLVWyULFRQRPLQDGR´$FRQTXLVWDGHOGHVHUWRµ2 WUDEDOKRDUTXHRORJLFRGRFDPSRQHVWHVLWLRSHUPLWHXDUHFXSHUDoDRGHXPDPDWHULDOLGDGH FRQFUHWD0DWHULDOLGDGHVREUHDFXDODSOLFDUVHDQDOLVHJHRHVWDWtVWLFR%iVLFDPHQWHSUD FRQHFKHUFXDOHDHVWUXWXUDHVSDFLDOGDSRYRDoDRUHJLVWUDGD2VUHVXOWDGRVGDDSOLFDoDR PRVWUDP D REWHQoDR GH XP SDGUDR QHWDPHQWH DOHDWyULR QD GLQkPLFD HVSDFLDO TXH FDUDFWHUL]DDODGLVWULEXLoDRGRVUHVWRVPDWHULDLVQHOiUHDHVFDYDGDGH)RUWtP2WDPHQGL (VWHWUDEDOKRH[SOLFDFXDOIRLDPHWRGRORJLDHPSUHJDGDSUDDSRUWDUDWDOFRQFOXVDRH FRQVLGHUDIXWXUDVDSOLFDoDRVGRPHVPRPpWRGRHPRXWURVVHWRUHVGRVLWLR 3DODYUDVFKDYHVJHRHVWDGLVWLFD)RUWtQ2WDPHQGLHVSDFLDLVGHDQDOLVH

7KH&DQWDEULD,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QVWLWXWH)RU3UHKLVWRULF5HVHDUFK(GLÀFLR,QWHUIDFXOWDWLYRGH OD8QLYGH&DQWDEULD$YGH/RV&DVWURVVQ6DQWDQGHU6SDLQ DPD[LPLDQR# PVQFRP

 8QLYHUVLGDG 1DFLRQDO GHO &HQWUR GH OD 3URYLQFLD GH %XHQRV $LUHV 81&3%$  ,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV GHO &XDWHUQDULR 3DPSHDQR ,1&8$3$  $YGD 'HO 9DOOH    2ODYDUUtD$UJHQWLQDIDFDOOYX#JPDLOFRP

&DVWLOOHMR $ ) \ ) *yPH] 5RPHUR  $YDQFHV HQ OD DSOLFDFLyQ GHO PpWRGR JHR HVWDGtVWLFRGHDQDOtWLFDHVSDFLDOHQ)RQUWtQ2WDPHQGL Revista de Arqueología Histórica Argentina y Latinoamericana:117-133%XHQRV$LUHV

Castillejo y Gómez Romero 2010: 117-133

$%675$&7 7KLVSDSHUFRQVLGHUVWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIJHRVWDWLVWLFDOPHWKRGVLQ)RUWOHW2WDPHQGL  VLWH0LOLWDU\VHWWOHPHQWORFDOLVHGDWWKHVRXWKRI%XHQRV$LUHV3URYLQFH DQGLWEHORQJVWRWKHKLVWRULFDOSHULRGGHQRPLQDWHG´7KHFRQTXHURURIWKHGHVHUWµ7KH DUFKDHRORJLFDOÀHOGZRUNLQWKLVVLWHDOORZVWKHUHFXSHUDWLRQRIRQHVSHFLÀFPDWHULDOLW\ 7KLVW\SHRIPDWHULDOLW\UHFHLYHVWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHJHRVWDWLVWLFDOPHWKRG%DVLFDOO\IRU NQRZZKLFKLVWKHVSDWLDOVWUXFWXUHRIWKHSRSXODWLRQVWDWLVWLFVSUHVHQWHG7KHUHVXOWVRI WKLVDSSOLFDWLRQLVWKHDWWDLQPHQWRIDQDEVROXWHO\UDQGRPSDWWHUQLQWRWKHVSDWLDOG\QDPLF WKDWFKDUDFWHUL]HGWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIPDWHULDOGHEULVEHORQJWRWKH)RUWOHW2WDPHQGL·V DUFKDHRORJLFDOGLJ]RQH7KLVDUWLFOHH[SODLQVZKLFKZDVWKHPHWKRGRORJLFDOVWHSWRÀQG WKDWFRQFOXVLRQDQGFRQVLGHUVIXWXUHDSSOLFDWLRQVLQRWKHUVVHFWRUVRIWKHVDPHVLWH .H\ZRUGVJHRVWDWLVWLFV)RUWtQ2WDPHQGLVSDWLDODQDO\WLFDO

,1752'8&&,Ð1

(Q OD UHJLyQ SDPSHDQD DUJHQWLQD HO DYDQFH GHO FDSLWDOLVPR GHWHUPLQy ODLQYDVLyQGHWHUUHQRVWRGDYtDYtUJHQHVDODSRVWHULRULPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHHVWH PRGRGHSURGXFFLyQ7HUULWRULRVRFXSDGRVSRUGLYHUVDVSDUFLDOLGDGHVGHJUXSRV LQGtJHQDV TXH IXHURQ VRMX]JDGRV \ FRQTXLVWDGRV PLOLWDUPHQWH /D SXHVWD HQ SUiFWLFDGHHVWHSURFHVRVHHIHFWXyLGHDQGROtQHDVGHIURQWHUDVUHODWLYDPHQWH PyYLOHVFRQIRUPDGDVSRUHVWUXFWXUDVPLOLWDUHVFRQVWUXLGDVFRQPDGHUDDGREH \DYHFHVODVPHQRVFRQODGULOORREORTXHVGHSLHGUD(VWRVHPSOD]DPLHQWRV IXHURQORVIXHUWHVORVFDQWRQHV\ORVIRUWLQHV (O REMHWR GH HVWH WUDEDMR VH FHQWUD HQ OD DSOLFDFLyQ GH PpWRGRV JHR HVWDGtVWLFRVDORVGDWRVREWHQLGRVPHGLDQWHH[FDYDFLyQDUTXHROyJLFDHQXQDGH HVWDVHVWUXFWXUDVPLOLWDUHVGHFDPSDxDHO)RUWtQ2WDPHQGLVLWXDGRHQHOSDUWLGR GH%HQLWR-XiUH]3URYLQFLDGH%XHQRV$LUHV\RFXSDGRHQWUH\ +DFLDSULQFLSLRVGHODGpFDGDGHODOtQHDGHIURQWHUDVGHQRPLQDGD´GHO 6XGµHVWDEDFRQVWLWXtGDSRUORVIRUWLQHV%DUUDQFRVDX2WDPHQGLHO0LxDQD HO3HUGLGRHO(VWRPED\HO(VSHUDQ]DWRGRVGHSHQGLHQWHVGHOD´&RPDQGDQFLD GH)URQWHUDVµVLWXDGDHQODDFWXDOFLXGDGGH$]XO 7KLOO \ 3XLJGRPHQHFK HQ VX REUD UHFLHQWH   ´*XDUGLDV IXHUWHV \ IRUWLQHV GH OD IURQWHUD VXUµ UHÀHUHQ D TXH HO  GH VHSWLHPEUH GH  HO FRURQHO5LYDVSRUHQWRQFHVMHIHGHODIURQWHUD6XUPDQLÀHVWDHQFDUWDGLULJLGD DO0LQLVWHULRGH*XHUUDODQHFHVLGDGGHFRQVWUXLUXQIRUWtQHQODODJXQDGH´/D %DUUDQFRVDµ DGHPiV GH VROLFLWDU DXWRUL]DFLyQ SDUD FRQWUDWDU SHRQHV YDVFRV TXH VH HQFDUJDUDQ GHO ]DQMHR /D IXWXUD HVWUXFWXUD PLOLWDU GH FDPSDxD VH GHQRPLQDUtD´)RUWtQ%DUUDQFRVDµDSDUWLUGHODFHUFDQtDDODODJXQDKRPyQLPD HVSHMRGHDJXDGHKHFWiUHDVGHH[WHQVLyQFRQXQDSURIXQGLGDGPi[LPD GHFXDWURPHWURV

118

Revista de Arqueología Histórica Argentina y Latinoamericana Número 4

(OGHPD\RGHHOPLVPRFRURQHOLQIRUPDTXHVHKDEtDQFRQFOXLGR ORV WUDEDMRV GH ]DQMHR \ SRWUHURV H LQLFLDGR OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH ODV FXDGUDV (O VHxRU &RV KDEtD IDFLOLWDGR OD PDGHUD HO PLVPR VHxRU &RV TXH DSDUHFH PHQFLRQDGRHQFXHVWLRQHVGHHVWUXFWXUDVOtWLFDVGHODVVLHUUDVGH$]XO5DPRV com- pers  0LHQWUDV TXH HO  GH VHSWLHPEUH GHO PLVPR DxR 5LYDV SLGH DO PLQLVWURGHJXHUUD=DSLROD´FDUSDVSDUDODWURSD\SDUDRÀFLDOHVSXHVHO SHUVRQDOGRUPtDDODLQWHPSHULHKDVWDTXHÀQDOL]DUDQORVDORMDPLHQWRVµ7KLOO \3XLJGRPHQHFK (OGHRFWXEUHGHOHOHVWDGRGH%XHQRV $LUHVGLFWDXQGHFUHWRSDUDFDPELDUHOQRPEUHGHDOJXQRVIRUWLQHVGHODOtQHD GHIURQWHUDV´SRUWHQHUGHQRPLQDFLRQHVLPSURSLDVRSRFRVLJQLÀFDWLYDVµ7KLOO \ 3XLJGRPHQHFK    (O ´)RUWtQ %DUUDQFRVDµ SDVy D OODPDUVH ´)RUWtQ 2WDPHQGLµ HQ KRQRU DO 7HQLHQWH &RURQHO 1LFDQRU 2WDPHQGL TXLHQ PXULy HQ FRPEDWHFRQWUDORVLQGLRVGH