APRENDIZAJE SOCIAL EN CONTRASTE POLÍTICO RESISTENCIA O DEPENDENCIA GUBERNAMENTAL EN COMUNIDADES INDÍGENAS DE CHIAPAS, MÉXICO.

In recent years there has been a broad conceptual discussion on processes of Social Learning (SL) as the driving force ofterritorial management processes. Similarly, there has been a discussion on the role of the government and itsimplications on groups of territorial action. However, there are no studies that deal with SL in indigenous communitieswith the same ethnic roots but with a contrasting relation with the government and its institutionality. The present worktakes on this comparison within the framework of cultural control in order to explain the course of their processes ofdevelopment and territorial management. While one group shows goals towards education and spirituality, the otherreveals technical and productive interests. Nevertheless, both processes exhibit a trajectory towards a culture ofappropriation and self-management, against internal and external pressures. In this sense, we bring to light differentlocal possibilities that replace the unfullfilness and backwardness of the centralized government.Key words: territorial management, learning, local development, postdevelopment, cultural control, and institutionality.