Antimicrobial activity of extracts from an endemic Salvia cilicica Boiss. and Kotschy

V Vol. 9(2), pp. 130-134, 14 Jan nuary, 2015 D DOI: 10.5897/A AJMR2014.7223 3 A Article Number: EBB4C3650145 ISSSN 1996-0808 8 C Copyright © 20 015 A Author(s) retain n the copyrigh ht of this article e h http://www.ac cademicjournals.org/AJMR

Africaan Journaal of Microobiology R Research

Fu ull Length Research h Paper

Antimicrobia al activ vity of extrac cts from an endemi e ic Salv via cilic cica Bo oiss. a and Ko otschy Nur Tan1*, Burcu B Sen1, Merve Bilgin2 and Emir Tan2 1

2

Departme ent of Pharma acognosy, Fac culty of Pharm macy, Universsity of Istanbu ul, 34116 Beyyazit Istanbul, Turkey. De epartment of Pharmaceutic cal Microbiolo ogy, Faculty of o Pharmacy, University of Yeni Yuzyil, 34010 Cevizllibag Istanbul, Turkey. Receiv ved 28 October, 2014; 2 Accepted 22 December, 2 014

crobial activ vities of the different aerrial and roott extracts off Salvia cilic cica were de etermined The antimic aiming to evaluate e whe ether, it can be b used in phytotherapy p y as an antim microbial age ent. In this s study, the antimicrobiial activity off roots and aerial a parts of o S. cilicica a extracts wa as evaluated d using micro o dilution and disc difffusion methods against Gram positiv ve and Gram negative refference stand dard microorrganisms and yeast Candida allbicans. All of the extrracts, with the exceptiion of ethanol extract, showed antimicrobiial activity by b using minimum m inh hibitory conc centrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentratiions (MBC) tests. The roots-petrolleum ether and aceton ne extracts showed the e highest antimicrobiial activity (MIC’s range es 20-313 μg g/ml) agains st Gram pos sitive bacterria. The roott-acetone extract sho owed higherr antimicrobiial activity against a Gram m negative bacteria in comparison to other extracts. Th he most rema arkable resu ult of the antiimicrobial ac ctivities is th hat, except fo or the ethano ol extract, the S. cilic cica had a good g inhibito ory effect (M MIC’s ranges s 20-313 μg//ml) against Bacillus ce ereus and Salmonella cholerasuis s, and was noticed n to be e more activ ve in paper disc diffusio on test again nst Gram positive tha an Gram neg gative bacterria. The roots s petroleum ether and ac cetone extra acts exhibited activity against C. albicans. a In conclusion, c S. cilicica ha ad a potentia al therapeutiic value supporting its trraditional usage in folk medicine. Key words: Salvia cilicic ca, Gram positive, Gram ne egative, yeastt, antimicrobia al, endemic. TRODUCTION N INT The e genus Salv via L. (Lamia aceae) comprrises about 900 9 spe ecies world-w wide, while it is presented with w 89 species and d 93 taxons in i Turkey, ap pproximately half of which h is end demic. The ge enus has bee en distributed extensively in n3 regions of the world: w 500 sp pecies in Cen ntral and Sou uth Am merica, 200 sp pecies in westtern Asia, and d 100 species s in easstern Asia (Davis, 1988a; 1988b; Walk ker and Sytsm ma,

2007)). Anatolia iss the major gene center in n Asia. Salvia a speciies are used in folk mediccine for the ttreatment of a varietty of disease es, including infectious d diseases. The e speciies of Salvia, known as ‘‘adacayi’’ in Anatolia, are e used as antisepticcs, stimulantss, diuretics a and for wound d healin ng in Turkissh folk mediccine and forr herbal teas (Bayttop, 1999; De emirci et al., 2003; Tepe et al., 2005)).

*C Corresponding author. a E-mail: nur.tan@gmx x.de. Au uthor(s) agree that t this article remain perma anently open ac ccess under the e terms of the Creative Comm mons Attributio on License 4.0 0International License L

Tan et al.

Since the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of these species, especially Salvia officinalis, were determined, similar studies on these species increased gradually all over the world. These studies suggest that the hydroxylcinnamic acid analogs, flavonoids and diterpenoids contribute to the biological activities of the Salvia species (Deans and Simpson, 2000). The essential oil and various extracts of Salvia tomentosa Miller showed a moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptoccocus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Acinetobacter lwoffii, Clostridium perfringens, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Candida albicans (C. albicans) with water insoluble extracts (Tepe et al., 2005). In a previous study, the extracts of the aerial parts of 16 Salvia species were tested against five isolates (B. cereus, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. coli) and M. tuberculosis). The extracts of the majority of species exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.03 to 8.00 mg/ml, while the highest activity elicited was that against M. tuberculosis ( MIC