Tectonophysics 404 (2005) 91 – 118 www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto
Late Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of eastern Indonesia Florent Hinschbergera,*, Jacques-Andre´ Malodb, Jean-Pierre Re´haultb, Michel Villeneuvec, Jean-Yves Royerb, Safri Burhanuddind a
UPRES EA 2100, Laboratoire Ge´EAC, Universite´ Franc¸ois Rabelais, Faculte´ de Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France b UMR 6538 bDomaines oce´aniquesQ, I.U.E.M., Technopoˆle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzane´, France c FRE CNRS 2761, Universite´ de Provence, case 67, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France d Universitas Hasanuddin, Ujung Pandang, Indonesia Received 29 November 2004; received in revised form 3 May 2005; accepted 9 May 2005 Available online 15 June 2005
Abstract This paper presents an internally and globally consistent model of plate evolution in eastern Indonesia from Middle Miocene to Present time. It is centered on the Banda Sea region located in the triple junction area between the Pacific–Philippine, Australia and South–East Asia plates. The geological and geophysical data available from Indonesia were until recently insufficient to define a unique plate tectonic model. In this paper, the new data taken into account clearly restrict the possible interpretations. Owing to a great number of geological, geophysical and geochemical studies, the major plate boundaries (the Sunda–Banda subduction zone to the south, the Tarera–Aiduna Fault zone and the Seram Thrust to the east, and the Sorong Fault zone and Molucca Sea collision zone to the north) are now clearly identified. The age of the major tectonic structures is also better known. Geodetic measurements well constrain the Present time plate kinematics. We also consider the deformation history within eastern Indonesia, where numerous short-lived microplates and their related microcontinents successively accreted to the Asiatic margin. Moreover, magnetic anomalies identification of the North and South Banda Sea basins allows a precise kinematic reconstruction of the back-arc opening. We used the Plates software to test the coherency of our model, presented as a series of 4 plate reconstruction maps from 13 Ma to the present. Finally, the origin of oceanic domains restored by our reconstruction is discussed. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Eastern Indonesia; Banda Sea; Back-arc basin; Kinematics; Plate tectonics
1. Introduction * Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 247367005; fax: +33 247367090. E-mail address:
[email protected] (F. Hinschberger). 0040-1951/$ - see front matter D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2005.05.005
Eastern Indonesia is located in a convergent zone between three major plates and their dependances: the South East Asia, Pacific–Philippine Sea and Australian plates (Fig. 1). It forms a complex pattern of plate
F. Hinschberger et al. / Tectonophysics 404 (2005) 91–118
110°E
115°E
120°E
u Su l PKF
Ba li Lo mb
Java
MF
da s
Java
Flores Basin
ub ductio n
LombokSum Trench Basin
Indian Ocean
Flores
Sumba
AUS 75 km/Ma
CAR Caroline Basin Ne w
Halmahera
Guin
SFZ
ea Tre
nch
Bird's Seram sub Head Irian du FZ Jaya L NBSB Buru Seram N ges TAFZ GTB Rid Weber a Kai nd Trough SBSB Ba r ba WT Aru m ni AT We a T h g ou or imor Tr sil) ( fo s Tim T ction
TS
Sulawesi
bawa
S un
5°N
90 km/Ma
0°
BS
ok
Java Sea
Tomini Gulf
Pacific Ocean
n io ct
Makassa r Str
ait
Borneo
Sa n
NST
140°E 10°N
PAC
PSP
ch
"SEA" SUNDA
CT
Celebes Basin
135°E
West Philippine Basin
n Tr e
S
c
Ar
130°E Philippi ne
20 km/Ma
Mindanao
ST
ulu
PFZ
South China Sea
125°E NT
Se a
105°E
gih e s ub duc tio HS Molu cca Sea
92
u subd nda a B
Australian platform
leading edge of the Australian continent
5°S
10°S
Australia 15°S km
Subduction zone 1: active 1 2 2: inactive Back-arc thrusting Thrust fault
Active volcanoes Major strike-slip fault (dotted line when hypthetical) Basin (
