Hausa-English Code-book

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HAUSA-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS FETTER LANE, E.G. CLAY, Manager

EDtlUon:

C.

F.

aScrlin:

A.

ILeipjig: i^tto

PRINCES STREET ASHER AND CO. F. A. BROCKHAUS

loo,

a^Uinfturgt):

Hork: G.

JSomiaganU Calcutta:

P.

PUTNAM'S SONS

MACMILLAN AND

All rights

served

}-e

CO., Ltd.

DICTIONARY OF THE

HAUSA LANGUAGE by

CHARLES HENRY ROBINSON SOMETIME LECTURER

IN

D.D.

HAUSA IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

HONORARY CANON OF RIPON

VOL.

I

HAUSA-ENGLISH

THIRD EDITION REVISED AND ENLARGED

Cambridge at

the University Press

1913

PL 9)3 X7 7 S5 F/;-.st

Edition, 1899

Second Edition revised and enlarged, 1906

Third Edition revised and enlarged, 1913

FRATRI

STVDIA

•

AB

•

IPSO

•

MEO

FELICITER

•

•

INSTAVRATA

MORTE INTERCEPTA •

TANDEM PRO •

•

VIRIBVS

•

MEIS

DEDICO

SVMMO

•

DESIDERIO

•

COMPLETA

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

HAUSA

is

Nigeria

it

probably the most widely spoken language continent of ..^Afiica^- Throughout ^^thern

in the

the language of the greater part of the inarea it forms a sort of

is

habitants and outside this wide

lingua franca throughout a large part of Africa north of the

who knows the Hausa language can walk from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea sure of equator.

The

traveller

finding in almost every market place which he

some with whom he can converse.

route

may

The

pass en

fact

that

within recent years that part of Nigeria in which most of

Hausa people

the

live

has become an English Protectorate

should serve to increase the interest of English students in this language.

Before referring to the methods adopted in the production of this dictionary

it will

be well to state under what

auspices the work has been carried out and to it is

what extent

based upon the labours of other students of the lan-

guage.

The task

of compiling this dictionary

was accomplished

under the auspices and direction of the Hausa Association. On the death at Lokoja, on June 26, 1891, of the Rev. John Alfred Robimson, M.A. (a brother of the author), who had attempted to start Christian missionary work amongst the Hausas, a committee was formed in London to perpetuate his

memory and

to carry

on his work "by providing

thoroughly scientific study of the Hausa language."

for

a

The

committee of the Association contained representative names,

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

Vlll

e.g.

those of the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, the

Commander

Royal GeographiGovernor of the Royal Niger Co., and the

in Chief, the President of the

cal Society, the

President of the London

Chamber

of

Commerce,

in addition

well-known philologists Professor Max Miiller Peile. The expedition which the author was

to those of the

and

Dr

enabled to make to the centre of the Hausa country for the purpose of studying the language and collecting native

manuscripts with a view to compiling a dictionary was carried out under the direction of this committee, first

and the

edition of this dictionary was published soon after his

return.

The first vocabulary of the Hausa language was drawn up by Mr Richardson, the leader of an expedition which reached the Hausa country by crossing the Sahara desert from Tripoli. The list of words sent home by Mr Richardson before his death was printed by the Foreign Office, but was so short

who

and incomplete as

to be of little value.

afterwards took charge of

Mr

Dr

Barth,

Richardson's expedition,

published in 1862 a series of linguistic notes on Hausa and several other central African languages.

considerable interest, though fi*om the point of

it

This work was of

was extremely incomplete

view of a vocabulary.

The next vocabulary

deserving of notice, and one which was a great advance upon its

predecessors,

was published by Dr

J. F.

Schon, a mis-

sionary of the C.M.S. in 1876, with an appendix published ill

1888.

Dr Schon may

of

Hausa

study.

slaves in Sierra

He

justly be regarded as the pioneer

learnt the language from

some

freed

Leone, and afterwards took part in the

Government expedition which ascended the R. Niger in Unfortunately he was never able to penetrate into the Hausa country and, as he afterwards spoke of himself 1841.

;

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

IX

as having reduced to writing a hitherto unwritten language,

he was apparently unaware at the time when he wrote that the Hausas possessed any kind of literature or that they had

long before adopted, with some modifications, a form of the

Arabic alphabet as their own.

which Dr

Another

difficulty

under

Schon laboured was his lack of acquaintance with In very

the Arabic language.

many

instances words and

expressions were entered either in his dictionary or appendix as Hausa, which are quite are

unknown

inability

to the

recognize

to

common

in Sudanese Arabic, but

Hausas of the

them

as

Dr Schon's when they were

interior.

Arabic,

suggested to him by Arabic-speaking Hausas, coupled with

want of opportunities for verifying them by personal contact with Hausas who had never come under Arab his

influence,

made

it

inevitable

that

such words should be

under which he work is deserving of the very highest commendation. The present work is the result of a careful study of that published by Barth and by Schon, and of independent study of the language in Hausaland, in N. Africa and in England. Before beginning the compilation of the present work and whilst living amongst the Hausas in the heart of their country, the author went through Schon's dictionary, verifying or rejecting every entry and adding a large proportion of new words. The MSS. which were obtained in Hausaland, some of which were subseinserted.

Considering

the

difficulties

laboured, his

title of Specimens of Hausa and which have been reproduced in facsimile, served to show that even the more learned Hausa mallams have not yet adopted a uniform system of orthography. At the same time they helped to furnish many additional woixls and to verify others.

quently published, under the Liter^ature,

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

X

The

first

In

in 1899.

W. H.

edition of the present dictionary its

was published

compilation I was largely assisted by

Brooks, formerly

Hausa

Mr

scholar of Christ's College,

Cambridge, and Student of the Hausa Association.

In the

preparation of the second edition, which appeared in 1906,

was specially indebted to the assistance received from Major For help received in preparing the present edition, which contains about four thousand entries additional to those which appeared in the second edition, I have been greatly indebted to Major Burdon (who has now become the Colonial Secretary in Barbados), Mr W. J. Gowers the Resident at Kano, Captain R. Fletcher, Dr Walter Miller, Capt. Tremearne, Dr J. M. Dalziel (Medical Officer on the West African Medical Staff), Mr E. J. Arnett, the late Hon. E. T. Stanley, and many others who have most kindly sent rae from time to time criticisms and corrections. To Dr Dalziel I am indebted for the identification of most of the plants, the names of which appear in this dictionary, and I

Burdon, C.M.G.

to Captain Fletcher for the correction of the proof sheets.

He

has kindly allowed

me

to incorporate the information

contained in his supplementary vocabulary which appears at the end of his valuable book lore.

I

would

also express

my

Hausa sayings and indebtedness to

folk-

Mr Adam

Mischlich for the help which I have derived from a study of his dictionary entitled Worterbuch der Hausasprache, which was published in Berlin in 1906, and which is a valuable and permanent contribution towards the study

of the

Hausa language.

In the

first

two editions of

this dictionary the

Hausa

words were given both in the modified Arabic character which is used by the Hausas, and in the Roman character. In view of the fact, however, that many of the users of this

:

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

XI

dictionary are not familiar with the Arabic script, and of the

Hausa scribes, it has seemed altogether. By doing characters Hausa omit the

lack of uniformity on the part of

better to

this it is possible to issue the dictionary in

without increasing

The system

its price.

an enlarged form of transliteration

is that which was originally propounded by the Royal Geographical Society, and which has been sanctioned by the British, and by most of the continental Governments,

adopted

for the representation of

geographical names.

The general

embodied is that all consonants are to be pronounced A further account as in English and all vowels as in Italian. of the system of transliteration adopted and of the modified Arabic character which the Hausas generally employ will be found in the Hausa Orammar to which the student of this principle

dictionary

is

referred.

The emphasis deal

in

laid

different

on different syllables In order to

localities.

differs

a good

help beginners

marks usually employed to denote long or short syllables wherever the emphasis to be laid upon a particular syllable is very pronounced or specially liable to be misplaced. These marks or accents do not denote any modification of the vowels on which they are placed, but merely suggest the syllable on which stress is to be laid in I have inserted the

pronouncing

it.

In the transliteration of the Hausa words I have employed

Roman alphabet, i.e. 6, d and k. b whether used as an initial or medial letter represents an explosive sound which is quite distinct from the ordinary b d is sounded with an expiration of the breath and in its three modifications of the

pronunciation the tongue touches the edge of the upper teeth, a sort of dt

a French or

sound being produced somewhat similar to

German

t:

A;

is

a sub-palatal guttural and

is

:

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

xii

called

by the Hausas the watery k (kam mairua) because the it puts his mouth into such a position be shooting out water from his throat.

person pronouncing that he appears to

have further tried to afford some indication of the There are four character and range of the Hausa dialects. or five districts in Hausaland which may perhaps be said to I

possess a distinct dialect, but as the

Hausas are inveterate

have become so confused that it is not possible to mark them off with any distinctness. The Hausas frequently maintain that the Katsena dialect which travellers these dialects

is

spoken in the extreme north of their country

On

the other hand the

widely spoken and

Kano

may be

dialect is that

is

the purest.

which

is

most

said to prevail generally through-

out the south and eastern parts of their country.

What

is

sometimes called the Sokoto dialect prevails throughout the western districts. In this dictionary the dialects spoken in the following towns or districts are denoted by the abbreviations contained in brackets (Z.),

:

Kano

(K.),

Sokoto

(S.),

Katsena

(Kats.), Zaria

Zanfara (Zanf ), Daura (D.).

There are many words the use of which

is

confined to

special districts whilst others are frequently found in different districts in modified forms.

One

commonest modifications is that of r in the eastern dialects' to / in the western. Thus we have in Kano and Sokoto respectively of the

Kano garma marka

Sokoto

galma malka

hoe

karkashi

kalkashi

heavy rain underneath

mafarki

mafalki

dream

harbi

halbi

to shoot

:

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION

Words denoting abstract ideas which end

Xlll

in chi in the

east are often found to end in taka in the west.

The

Kano

Sokoto

Thus

yaranchi

yarantaka

uhanchi

iibantaka

fatherhood

bakonchi

hakontaka

hospitality

which

letter

childhood

pronounced as /in Kano frequently Thus in Daura.

is

becomes h in Zanfara or p

:

Kano

Zanfara

Daura

fudu

hudu

piidu

p^l *^^ I

four

halasa palasa to destroy hansa panaa deliverance fansa Other dialectical variations may be illustrated by changes

falasa

such as

Kano wanan

Sokoto

wanga

this

sahuni

sabuli

soap

mana

muna

to us

makulli

makubli

key

The numeral Katsena and

five is

represented by biar in Kano, bial in

bial or biat in Sokoto.

/^^

h-

^^^c/..

.''->>-]

In addition to references to the Specimens of Hausa have included a few references

Liteixiture already mentioned, I

to

Hausa Magana, a volume of Hausa stories and fables by Dr Schon which has been revised and re-edited.

collected

by the S. P. C. K. and is a book which Hausa have found helpful.

It is published at 2/6

many beginners I

am

dictionary

language

in

fully conscious

and for

shall

of the

many

be grateful to

further help in view

deficiencies of this

all

students of

of rendering

it

complete. C. E^ister,

1913.

H.

R

the

more

"

ABBREVIATIONS A, B, C,

abstr.

etc. = no. of piece in " Specimens of Hausa

Gr.

Hausa Grammar.

id.

the same.

Literature.

i.e.

that

intr.

intransitive.

Hausa Magana. noun, also — note.

abstract.

is.

ace.

accusative.

M. H.

adv.

adverb, adverbial.

n.

aor.

aorist.

ord.

ordinal.

Ar.

Arabic.

p.

page.

cardinal.

particip.

participle or participial

compare.

pi.

plural.

constr.

construct, construed.

prec.

preceding.

e.g.

for instance.

prep.

preposition.

esp.

especially.

q.v.

which

etc.

et cetera.

redupl.

reduplicated.

card. ^cf.

see.

f.

feminine.

refl.

reflexive.

fig.

figuratively.

rt

root

Gk.

Greek.

seq.

following article.

* Cf. placed after

referred to

is

any word does not necessarily imply that the word

the same word or derived from the same root.

quite generally.

It is

used

Iaa

I

HAUSA DICTION AEY

R. H. D.

HAUSA DICTIONARY Words

to

which *

is

affixed are not in general use

a,

impersonal pronoun used as Eng. 'one' or 'they,' French on ; antafi one has gone, anakiranka they are calling they are you, anadarita laughing at me. Cf. Gram,

a,

of ke.

'

the prefix to the passive

;

it,

as this impersonal pronoun. is

dependent past and prewhen used with

A

of the passive voice, e.g. dka-

he will be killed. A short a is used to denote the sheshi

imperative sive voice,

mood e.g.

him be driven

of the pas-

akoreshi let

out.

kai

man,

all per-

(fern, ke)^ shi

(fem.

have ita),

is

the great

shi addaidai it is all

right, shi assarikinrmi

he

is

our king, shi a abokinmu he

sent tenses

a negative, e.g. ba akoreshi ba he was not driven out, ba azua da shi he is not being brought. long emphasized a is used to denote the future

used with

shi abbaba he

used as a prefix to denote

the passive voice of the perfect,

is

mu, ku, su addashi. It sometimes follows a noun directly, e.g. kura addashi the hyena has it. It is also used with nan, e.g. gari annan; cf. also

voice ought to be regarded

a

It

sons, e.g. ni addashi I

possibly the a which

39

is

a substantive verb used esp. in the Sokoto dialect in place

'

p.

the Havsas, Hausa.

amongst

or are Arabic words not definitely incorporated into

is

a,

a friend of ours, nia

aa, no.

form

is

is it

I

?

The reduplicated

that most frequently

used, esp. in expressing dis-

approbation. a, at, to, in.

It

is

almost equi-

valent to ga, but

is

frequent occurrence.

of less

It

is

very often prefixed to the prepositions gare, chikin, and bisa.

Prefixed to baya, gdba.

abu used adverbially,

and makelechia kulla arrang-

thus ahaya behind, agdha in front, akasa or akass on the

ing the cotton round the pin

ground.

the tsinki to the spindle

kasa^ it

a,

is

an exclamation of astonishment.

abada

(cf.

;

yin

wadari twisting the threads into yarn saka weaving.

Jukum

(a

word,

only used by Hausas in the

Binue

abin, see abu. abki, prosperity aboiyi, secretly

aboki,

bdki.

abakwariga

districts),

a

man born

Hausa

of renegade

parents,

one who has abandoned Hausa customs and has been brought as a

pagan

;

cf kamheri. .

abara*, a large canoe. abawa, spun cotton, yarn

kadi spinning from

tsinki;

;

Ar. jut, eternity), ever; hcd abada for ever. abakin, in exchange for; see

up

;

thin

zare

(cf.

It

thread).

;

see afki.

see boye.

abokia, pi. abokai,

fern,

abokin gdba enemy, abokin tafiata my fellow traveller, abokin aikina aboka, friend;

my

fellow worker,

M. H.

abu,

abubua, usually in con-

pi.

nective form abin 1.

(i.e.

followed

abuna),

by da,

it is

cotton

used as an ordinary relative

cotton

pronoun abinda ka ke so what you wish 2. followed by a ;

;

the white cotton embroidery

verb, noun, or preposition

on a tobe.

is

abdu

p.

192.

thing.

also applied to

is

etc. ;

(Ar.), slave, servant,

used

it

used as an indefinite pro-

noun

;

thus abinchi anything

in formation of proper names.

to eat, abinsha anything to

abduga, audiga, cotton before abduga the foil, it is spun,

drink, abinso a wish, desire,

;

are successive stages in pre-

paring cotton

chin abduga

:

abin

murna

a cause for joy,

abin baya that which

hind

;

3.

it is

is

be-

used of living

kada clean-

creatures

gurza hand-ginning, i.e. removing the seeds with the

anything

dan bida sutu thinning and combing with a kizauro^ sili

lowed by a possessive protaji abinka go about your business, ya taji abinsa he went off on his own ac-

gathering cotton ing

;

;

;

or thin stick

;

sebi or shibba,

carding with the bakan shibba

;

da rai

thus, abin living,

abin

creatures of the forest

;

daji 4. fol-

noun, ka

1—2

abude count

S,dua ;

for expression ahinda

na gani p.

see gani

cf.

;

M. H.

226; allah ya san abin nasa

God knows his own nature, cf. M. H. p. 228; a feminine form alar is also found abu kaza so and so, such and such a thing. abude, opened, openly; cf.

adalashi, a good quality ad3>na,

repairing,

n.

silk.

arrang-

ing.

adashi, a cooperative loan sys-

tem among friends;

cf.

tvu-

;

adSiWa, sometimes used for

dawa ink

(cf.

ta-

Ar. Slj^, ink-

stand); adawal allah a mole,

hude. spot.

S.bu kaza, see abu.

aburu, a grain like acha. abuta, friendship. abuya, pL abohana, f a friend .

addini, Ar. worship, ;

see also abokia.

beaten and made into a kind of porridge.

It grows about

eighteen inches high, and two or even three crops are raised

during the rainy season. achike, fem. achika^ pi. achiku, full

;

ada

i.e.

alada

(K.),

(cf.

Ar. I>U,

religious observance), custom,

manner

;

kamada adansu

ac-

cording to their custom ; alada is frequently used to express a woman's monthly periods ; see toAa (S.).

adakka* a sawaila.

(i.e.

prefixed),

dua

flint-lock

gun

;

cf.

Ar.

U> with

prayer;

to pray, ,D

article

yiyi

ad-

2.

adiko, handkerchief (a Yoruba word); cf. maiyani. adlla,

pi. ddiloli

or adilan kaya

(cf Ar. jj j^, equilibration of the two sides of a load), a .

heavy

see chika.

the substantive verb a when it precedes a word beginning with d ; see a.

ad,

dlni a religious person.

addua

S,cha (paspalum scrobiculatum), a small white grain, which is

^>, religion, creed, B 77, 136; maiad-

load, e.g. for

a donkey.

adilchi (Ar. Jji), righteousness, justice.

adili, adali (Ar.), right. S.do,

pi.

dddd% beauty, show,

splendour of dress; riguna na ado beautiful garments,

F

216, 238.

adu, smallpox.

adua or ad wa (balanites aegypa thorny tree from which gum is obtained, its

tiaca),

fruit

is

edible,

its

gum

is

; .

aduruku

agushi

5

kwalon adua^

wood is

bably a passive form of gage to be stiff.

used for making school slates. aduruku*, a tree something

agaisheka, hail a very common form of salutation cf

called

its

takes a good polish and

like a af, oh,

Spanish chestnut.

an exclamation

Why

lection.

afalalu, a 2,fi,

yin

of recol-

agaji, agaza, n. help, dgaje^ v. to

want you to help me; cf. maiagazawa helper, F. 106. help; ina so ka agajeni I

!

make a

slight in-

clination of the head, to it is

;

gaishe.

fool.

dji to

!

bow;

also used to denote the

^gala, a rope, see dkala.

huzu a mat), sheep or goat

for

the body and placing earth upon the head in token of

S.gana,

;

see auka.

da afki much, afkin life

;

see auki.

afko, desolation, destruction. afku, to happen. S,fo,

(cf.

Ar. rt ^a^), restora-

tion to health, becoming better;

2.

a horse

samu afua

afulaki, a young

to recover.

S.gara, tendon of Achilles.

ag^zere (Ar.) or ag^jere, the hot month at end of rains, about September or October cf.-Gr. p. 88.

women and children on entering a house, the ans. used by

is shigo.

afutu, a species of palm, leaves are used in

its

mat-mak-

ing.

B

p.

211.

ago, a small cowry shell used in chacha.

agola,

ass.

afuo, ahuo, a salutation esp.

agaga, tottering,

agannia, a kind of shirt {taggo) with narrow but long

agba*, agwa*, cask, M. H.

abortion.

afua

smallpox,

sleeves.

afki, n. mass, quantity, pros-

rai length of

1.

.

afka, to destroy, to collapse; maiafkawa about to fall or

perity,

skin.

disease ; cf zanzana^ yar-rani.

submission.

be destroyed

agalumma (Sokoto

Sigalami, pi.

native custom of prostrating

109, pro-

pi. agololi,

stepchild.

agua, a wild dove with dark ring round its neck, aguje, at a run ; see gudu. agulu, vulture ; see angulu, Siguru (S.), a castrated ass. agushi, a gourd the seeds of which are used in making soup.

;

agw^da

6

agwa,da, S,goda, rock rabbit, cony.

wild duck, probably

onomatopoeic;

So

of

satisfaction, or surprise. 3

aJiaifa

animal

;

-

Ar. oi».), claw of

(cf.

see akaifa.

aharus, aharashi,

f.

ai (Ar.

indeed.

:

also ex-

planatory-id est, or e.g. ground nut see aya.

aia, a

maaika

send,

labour

act,

at,

aikatawa working, doing, cf. da fddin woni abu ko aikor tawa by word or deed. aike, n. sending, yin aike to aiki, pi. ayuyuka, ayuka,

act

an abbreviated form of ayi

the passive of yi

also used gene-

messengers, F. 159.

ai-

aikuna, labour, work,

koki,

id.), verily,

all

send.

aharasa,

a brown horse. ai,

is

to

for

aikata, to do, to

talatalu.

cf.

an exclamation

!

aiko

there,

rally

agwagwa, aha,

3.3

my fellow

abokin aikina

;

M. H.

192 yi do this thing, M. H. ya yi addua da aiki p. 198 he prayed effectively, M. H.

labourer,

p.

;

ta aiki

;

;

aia aia, the name of a grass from which a poison for arrows is obtained ; cf. defi.

a hired

aiauda

to a slave, yin aiki to labour,

(Ar. ^^), to cleave

to,

B. 101. blemish, fault, used in regard

men

it

denotes a worthless

fellow.

it is just

cf.

idiom ya aika

the sort of thing he

would do. aika, aike (bef. a pron.), to send, aikawa aikewa sending, aiku to be sent, aikake sent, to send

the place

to

where the speaker

is;

aika

or aike to send forth from

thus ya aikoiii he sent here

;

aiki, to start

maiaikata

pi.

workman

as opposed

aimaka

centipede.

(S.),

aiman,

aimanchi

imani,

(Ar.), faith.

ainin, true, truly, exceedingly,

aika, to do,

aiko

198; kama

work, maiaiki,

to work, aikin raga net-work.

aibi, pi. aibobiy aibu (Ar.), spot,

to

p.

ya aikeni he sent

me me

very much;

d

cf. ai,

ainya, pi. ainyoyi, beehive amya, butumi.

aiwa

or

ewa, indeed,

;

cf

.

truly. 90

aiyari,

pi.

caravan,

airori

train

(Ar. of

j-j^),

men

or

animals.

ajaba, wonder, ^jali (Ar.),

day

of

1.

destiny, decree,

death

;

ajalinsa

na

«

;

;

ajami

akoshi

chika his time

which

due.

aje

is

ajiye (K.), part, ajaje

ajiymje{K.), pass, ajiyu,

1.

to put, place, lay aside;

2.

to hold

ya

;

aje kofa

put

he

nan

held the door; ajiyeshi here.

it

aje, truly

see ashe.

;

ajera or ajere, in

line,

abreast;

see jera.

become

ajerta, to

rich,

ajia, ajiya, pi. ajiyi,

secret

sures,

gidashen

|t

ajia

2.

l^k

tress of heart.

^H

A

44

storehouses

ajiar zuchia sighing, dis-

^^ningi, master

of

the

ship biscuits, properly a small

cake made of beans.

akawali,

akavjala,

f.

j

waloli

(cf.

Ar. J^a*^t black), ,

akayo, pieces of jingling iron worn on the ankles by boxers and public performers. akaza, a cream-coloured horse. akbar (Ar.), great, an epithet usually applied to God.

akiba (Ar.), end, result, reward cf. B 35 ; akiba maikeaii a fair reward, shina da ;

akiba

;

cf.

ajaba.

aka, verbal prefix to denote a

dependent past in the passive

it is useful.

akodi, box, drawer. probably a contraction

akoi,

akaifa, ahaifa, claw of animal, finger-nail.

Sikala ( Ar.

J^),

a rope such as

is used for tying up a camel, akan, above, on the top of, on the basis of a con;

traction

akai-n

of

at

the

head of cf goma jia akan yau better yesterday than ;

to-day.

.

is,

there are.

Very commonly used

as an

affirmative answer to a question.

Gr. p. 39.

cf.

aka-

pi. i.

a black horse.

of akayi, there

;

^

cere-

monies at the bori dance.

^^Ljub, anything wonderful

voice

akara, Nupe name given to

trea-

1.

stores,

Ik

akanza, tattoo marks, tattooed with blue pigment on each cheek.

(Ar.), foreign, B. 175.

(S.),

(S.),

the

2.

;

paying money

for

ajami*

come

is

set time

fixed

It

to

is

the

sometimes prepersonal

pro-

nouns ; thus akoishi he is, or he is there akoisu they are 7nai-akoi, a rich man. ;

akokari, divination;

see

ko-

kari.

akoko, grey

baft.

akora, a kind of acacia. akoshi, a wooden dish, pi. akocf. M. H. p. 72. sai, akusa* -J

;

akotia

8

akotia,

pistol.

akras,

yin

sharpen,

alSjoaari

alafa

akras to

file

Ar. t*A»., to go foot-

on horses' above the hoof.

a disease

sore),

a sword.

e.g.

(cf.

or feet just

aku, parrot.

akugwaru, a kind

of

white

European cloth with large

alagwami, a leather bag closed by two strings pulled in opposite directions.

black or blue check.

akumari, a pad placed on a

alajabi, a marvel; see ajabi. alala, pain, distress, leanness.

donkey.

akurike, akurki, pi. akurikai, a place where fowls etc. are kept ; akuriken kaza, a coop. akusa, pi. of akoshi, q.v. akuti, akwati, a box, e.g. of gin.

akuturche, leprous

see kutur-

;

alalache, bad, rotten; see

la-

lacke.

alale

(cf.

Ar. rt J^\), trouble,

annoyance; also used as a verb.

alama, pi. almnomi (Ar. i«^Lt), frequently pronounced hald-

chi.

akwara, a

rifle

;

Nupe word.

a

akwia, pi. awaki, bunsuru he-goat. al, in

the case of

goat,

f.;

ma;

1.

B 131

;

sign, instruction, cf. 2.

apparent intention;

cf. 3.

many words

a large white bead in a set

of black beads used for prayer, a book-marker ; cf alamta. .

which have been borrowed by the Hausas from the Arabs,

alamari

(cf.

the initial al represents the

task,

affair,

Arabic article;

where the

word has been regularly adopted as a Hausa word, be found under al; in other cases, i.e. where the word is an Arabic word pure and simple, it will be found under the letter following the e.g. albe7'ka, it will

in this dictionary

prefix

al.

Thus

relations, see

alada, custom

;

for alwali

under wali. see dda.

Ar. j^l), work, talk,

palaver

alamaringa behold something wonderful alamarin dunia !

the course or vicissitudes of

whereby the poor become poor cf. M. H. p. 198, kaka wonan alamarin yaki what about this strange war ? ya bada gaskia ga alamarin allah he believed in the providence of God, M. H. p. 210; hazo alamarin kaka the harmattan wind is usual life

rich, the rich

;

;

:

alambo

alera

9

in harvest time wani da tvuyan almari so and so is hard suka sa ma to get on with ;

;

nlamarin allahido they watched what God would ordain. alambo, a slender shrub with

narrow jointed pods common on river banks. Ormocarpum

spinosum = paiya paiya ivaken

or

raji.

alamta, to put a mark upon. alangaba, alankafada, collarbone.

alaro, a day's wage or hire

maialaro or dan alaro a carrier,

bartering

it is

equivalent to

'no thank you,' cf. use of French merci as an epithet ;

applied to a field fertile

it

means

yin alberka or sa

;

al-

berka to bless or to thank

kaza

alberkachin

prov.

cf.

kadangari shi kan sha man kasko thanks to the fowl, the lizard finds water to drink in the pot

this is said

:

when

a man gains some benefit through no virtue of his own cf.

ko jibi

ma

alberka ba

ku

kai gari ba you won't even

yin alaro to work as a carrier,

reach the town the day after

hada alaro to hire, sarikin alaro a head carrier.

to-morrow.

alashaf, mould.

alaura

gursuma. alayapo, alefu,

J X

a

kind

cf.

of

oil

obtained from

the kwakiva palm, any dark-

albada, (cf.

cloth of

;

alhadu or albadodi

rt ju),

the strips of

which a dress

is

com-

flower something like a waterlily

albdsa raaikiine, spring

;

albashi, advance payment. 9"

albishirinka !

leprosy,

white leprosy,

albarka or alberka

good news for

the usual reply to this

salutation i^^jj),

J

albishir (Ar. Sj-^), good news;

you

posed, a seam.

albaras (Ar.

J«-flu),

albasan kwadi a white

onion.

oil.

pi.

Ar.

gunpowder. albS,sa, pi. albdsosi (Ar.

onion

spinach.

coloured

see

albarus, albarushi (Ar. ^^jb),

alayadi, domesticated pig,

alayedi, the

B 20;

albarka.

pudenda.

(Ar.),

albarkachi, blessing,

is

goro;

2^jj), blessing, thanks

;

in

bisha-

two heddles which carry the divided warp threads.

alera, allera, the

Ar.

(cf.

cf.

ra.

of the loom

alewa

10

alewa, a sweetmeat made with

honey

(cf.

Ar. ^^>JU.).

alfSidari,

f. alfddara, daru, mule.

alhaji

alfin

modern Ar.

(cf.

O-jfJt),

two thousand.

pi.

alfd-

alfahari, boasting (cf Ar. j.aLi).

white cotton cloth.

alfinti,

alfowa,

game

gambling

a

.

alf^kani, interpreter. alfanda*, a title of respect for a king. alfarma, power, tyranny, a man

who

swaggers, pride

:

autho-

rity, leave, anhashi alfarma he was given leave also = force, ya nuna masa alfarma he bullied him, ya yi ahu :

ga alfarmansa he took advantage of his position. alfarwa, pi. alfaruwa (Ar. bisa

S^j^),

a tent,

made

of skins

or leather.

alfasha

(cf.

magana

Ar. Li.?), alfasha

blasphemous

or

played with a long piece of leather and a needle.

alfuta,

pi.

to bind

algaba,

pi.

shameless language.

ing chapter of the Koran), prayers said daily in the early morning, prayers said by a

mallam at a marriage or a cf fdtiha. .

alfawami

or

alhowami,

tin-

anything used to catch sparks, e.g. cotton of the rimi

der,

tree.

0^ alfijir (Ar. jj*^, daybreak), the first

glimmer of light in the

east

;

cf jijifi. .

shirt,

M. H.

206.

algaderia (Ar.

ojtj^), a small

pistol.

algaita or algaitu, a wind instrument blown in a some-

what

similar

pipe

a

;

way

to a bag-

flute.

algarib, algaru, the seeds of

the lausuru, q.v. algashi,

;

algabobi, a kind of

embroidery on a p.

women

round the head.

algarwai, a stick of honey.

alfatiha(Ar.Aa*JUjl, the open-

funeral

alfutai (Ar. A^^^), a

handkerchief used by

f.

algasa, pi. algasai

or algasu, green.

algideri or alkideri jjci),

a

brass

(cf.

Ar.

cooking pan

with a handle.

algungumanchi, gossip. algungumi, f. algunguma, an idle gossip.

algus, algusu or algushi, deceit, cheating at a game, yin

algushida to deceive.

who has been on the pilgrimage to Mecca.

alhaji (Ar.), one

alhaki

alkS,laini

11

alhaki (Ar.

w-a».),

condemnation,

judgment, oppression,

alhudahuda, the name

right or claim put forward

alibida,

by one who has been defrauded, B 11 ski ke da alhaki he receives judgment, ku dauki alhakin allah you will bring upon yourselves the judgment of God, M. H. p. 210 also just wage alhaki da ka dauka the rights you seized, i.e. the wrongs you committed ya dauki alhakin laifi he is responsible for the

tree.

:

;

alif (Ar. sjOt), thousand.

aljama

or aljima, story, nar-

speech

rative,

alhamishi (S.)

(K.),

(Ar. j^^a^jLJI), or mis, Thursday,

rana alha-

lit.

the fifth

day. j^j-ai.),

F

217 rigansu na alharini. X

alheri (Ar.^^^), kindness, free gift

;

aljan, aljani,

janu

aljana,

f.

!

allah

pi. al-

demon;

a

(Ar.),

cf.

jinnu. a i ^

(Ar.

aljS,na

;

iUcfc.),

cf.

a garden,

F 222

aljana ta

nima A 58 gidan aljana. The word suggests to a Hausa ;

Mohammedan

the

paradise

pictured in the Koran.

who

refuses to

listen or obey.

gypsum. aljifi, aljifu, pi. aljifaye, aljifai

(cf

.

Ar. w-^ts».), pocket, a small

yin alheri to do a kind-

ness, s«i alheri a form of greeting, all well

will

aljibus, alzibus (Ar.), chalk,

wart-hog (phacochoerus).

alharini (Ar. jj>».), silk;

aljaioia

profit.

aljanjani, one

alhanzir, hanzir (Ar.

B 153

;

maianfani words which

paradise

alhamis

rubber

a species of

:

crime.

of a

bird.

ya kaika

e ^ * J ©t

aljima,

jimua

(Ar. 4jt^a,JI),

Friday.

demons

alheri

aljinu,

ney,

alkafura, the position with the head bowed to the earth, so-

God prosper your jourem mutum ya zam,a tar

da makiyensa ha alheri there is no happiness living with one's

enemy.

alhowami, mi.

tinder; seealfawa-

called

;

because

see aljan.

regarded

as

distinctively pagan.

alkajia, reed stalk.

alkS-lami,

pi.

alkalamai, alka-

!

alkalanchi

12

lama (Ar. Jji)^

reed

pen,

alkalanchi (Ar.) or yin

alka-

lanchi^ to act as alkali

see

;

alkali,

pi.

alkalai (Ar.

u^^), judge; E 10 alkalai da masuzua sheria the judges and those who come to be judged.

alkama

wheat.

(Ar.),

grown

It

;

see

and white or black and white shawl made in al-

alkila, blue

dea) a

common weed Ar. ;

it is

cf.

kambori.

going on in the town, a wellinformed man. alkarif, alkaru, seeds of a plant

pi.

;

cf kororo. .

a snail

shell.

alakukai, shelf or

jit .

allah (Ar.

aJUI),

God the plural ;

only used of the gods

alkS,wali, alkS,wari, promise,

dauki alkawali

alkawali to

make

a promise, sdki alkawali to break a promise, chika alka-

alkebu

(cf.

wade ha ta komi da biri a curse does not affect a monkey at all, allah waden rashin iyo rua what a curse .

it is

Ar.

to be unable to

^^,

a cowl), a sort of burnous.

swim

alleluba, a tree resembling a in appearance with

fig-tree

sweet-tasting leaves.

white

earth,

the

white

ashes of burnt bones, used

by spinners

to rub

on their

make a

to

fingers

spindle

revolve easily, also used for

making a whitewash. alio (Ar.

tvali to keep a promise. alkawali, a black horse.

wadan-

wadarka, allah ivade forms of impreca-

tion, cf allah

alii,

used as medicine.

agreement ;

see

niche in a wall.

common

the

;

pi.

alkuki,

imported

a large town, prosperity dan alkaria a man who knows all that is

alkeba,

(S.),

ka, allah

alkaria (Ar. Suj^),

gama

alkoto

to be

from

;

woman who

(K.), a

sells corn, etc.

alloli is

j^,

Hausaland ;

alkororo

of the heathen ; allah (cf .

white), calico

into

resurrection

kiyama.

eaten

goats.

alkamura

alkiyama,

is

iu the north-east part

of Hausaland. alkaman tururua (= spermacoce stachy-

or

cooking-pan

ternate strips.

seq.

East

alkideri, a algideri.

used as pen.

by

alio

-.y a writing board, ),

made of a smooth piece of wood used for writing charms etc.

on

;

the ink

is

afterwards

washed person

and drunk

off

who is

b}^

the

to be benefited

by the charm. almajirchi, instruction. almajiri, jirai

ahnajira,

f.

pi.

Ar. rt ^».t

(cf.

almakashi

alwashi

alma-

viii,

to

(Ar. ^joJU),

scis-

almanani,

lintel or

beam

a-

bove a door or window, almara, a story which is not

an

almasihu

allegory,

the Messiah,

(Ar.),

to mis1. dis-

cussion preliminary to

mak-

2. threat to do that which is impossible 3. boasting, suna alwashinmu they

ness;

;

are fooling us with illusory

late

a small

knife,

almuda (S.), a woman who sells corn.

almugnib,

see ^'

alzibus, chalk

amadu maidauro

sickness, pesti-

horse

speckled white with black.

the Arabic cdif a thousand,

wa

mini/a 1100.

aluma (Ar. S-cl), people, nation, assembly, C 42. alwrai (probably from

Sjjl),

;

its

(Ar. J-o^m)? a large male

see lullo.

used for roofing,

made from leaves of palmtrees (a Nupe word 1).

amana (cf. ment

Ar. a3UI), arrange-

in regard to

sale

payment goods, earnest money part

of

for ;

cf.

E

15, 25 masutahin amana those who steal a deposit; trust,

needle,

alwala, ablution

humps

camel.

goods,

pi.

It

amagi, a kind of cloth = hunu, amai, sickness; yin amai to

amami, mats alshafa,

alu, a vocalised corruption of

alu

agato, an

back up when walking.

amale

lence.

fem.

see aljihus.

;

amache, dead see mache. amadeshi, a large hammer used

.

alshafi,

calico.

vomit.

magarub.

''

aloba ( Ar. Uj ),

white

grain of dauro.

J

9

^^),

(Ar.

(S.), fine

alyara, a tree with a milky sap.

ant with an abdomen like a

in the evening.

almosa

alwoyo

by blacksmiths.

almauru, almuru, very

Ar.

^^,

;

Jesus Christ.

alura,

Ar.

promises.

sors.

cf.

(cf.

represent or denounce),

ing a bargain or doing busi-

give alms), disciple, beggar.

true,

amana

13

almajirchi

goodwill,

security

;

cf

.

G4

confidence,

kasa

amana

;;

amara

;

chinye

amana

to betray con-

fidence.

amara

marker in book, land- mark, mark on (Ar.

Sj-«t),

ground.

amarchi, wedding the

festivities

a bride,

of

state

bridehood.

amare,

on bride,

brides-

maids.

amaria,

ambeche, water-buck. ambola, a gesture of

disap-

hand being

ex-

tended and all the fingers pointed forwards = clakua.

ambuta, a shed. amere, worthless,

vain.

arain (Ar.), amen, verily; cf. ya che ha amin ha he refused to accept the statement.

amina

(Ar. 3.^t,

faithful

lit.

a name given to the

hyena

when appear-

{kura),

ing at night as

bride, the latest wife

the

proval,

one),

bride, also used of at-

tendants

cf.

^mosani

14

ga mutane duka security of land-tenure for all; garin ainiana a town where peace prevails with another town

also

;

an

it

regarded

is

evil spirit.

aminchi, amintaka

(cf.

Ar.

kishia. ^>>-ot

faith),

,

faithfulness,

amasai, haversack.

amasani or amasana = won sainyi, q.v.

chi-

amawali, a veil, worn over the mouth and hanging down in front,

loose fold

hanging chest,

if

of turban

from mouth over white = a sign of

royalty. ;

.

tion

;

ambache, make known, men-

ambato7ii explain

allah

shina

tan yi aminclii ha the world is

not to be relied on.

ammi

(Ar.), friend.

amintache,

pi.

escaped from

amTm amma,

amintatu^ safe

a person

who

has

peril.

(Ar.), prince, emir.

but.

^imo, hum, buzz, noise, report

his friends.

amba,ta, ambS,to, to address,

D 98

;

dada aminchi may God increase faith, B 84 dunia ha

used of

amaye, to vomit cf amai. amba, a horse disease. ambarua, a feast for a bridegroom and

security

it

to

me, ya ambacheshi he made it known to him. ambato, a memorial, record.

of a of a

gun; dmon kuge sound war-drum or bell which

has several distinct notes, dmo

dmo to hum. Smodari, ophthalmia. or yin

^imosani, see amasani.

:;

.

!

anfani

15

amre amre, amri, amra or aure

of the continuous present, e.g.

Slj-«l, woman), marriage amre or yin amre to marry, ha ta amrua (or aurua) she is not marriageable cf. M. H.

Ar.

ana to the passive

passive and

(cf ;

ankoreshi he has been driven away, anakoreni I am being

driven away

;

cf

Gr. pp. 39,

.

;

175, kina so ki yi arimensa do you wish to marry him 1 maiaure a married person. auren so a love match, i.e. without pecuniary considerations, auro to marry a bride and bring her home, amra da

*^-

i-

p.

to give a

woman

in marriage.

*?

munjia mun

ance

3.

;

2.

anade, rolled up anago, dysentery. ;

I

|

\

|

receipt, accept-

deliverance,

amso to

taking,

snatching

away. confidence

;

an-

other form of aminchi, q.v. amurgude, twisted, distorted cf

.

M. H. p. 1 28

;

see murgude.

(K.), beehive;

cf.

ainya.

an, ana, verbal prefixes to denote the passive voice of the perfect and the present tenses

an

is

see^w-

Ar. rt^),

(cf.

evil-speaking, tale-

bearing.

ananan ananan, forthwith ananan liar ranan, so things went on till one day... anasara (Ar.), a Christian, lit.

aneshuwa,

amy a

;

anamimi, anamimanchi

amshi, amshe, to take, snatch;

amunchiwa,

nade.

dawa.

the Nazarene anche, see che. anche, enche,

anishiwa

cf.

anagudawa, dysentery

take again, amsawa, answer.

;

^),

;

amsa we hear and obey, mun amsa gaisua we accept the salutation

(Ar.

prophet, dnabanchi prophesying, the office of a prophet.

|

amsa, amshe, 1. answer; amsa or yin amsa to answer, accept, ac'ree to, ha ka amsa ha wilt thou not reply

dnahawa

S,nS,bi, pi.

prefixed to the perfect

;

cf nasdra. ,

verily,

indeed

livelihood, occupa-

tion.

anfana, to confer a benefit allah shi anfanashi upon ;

may God

bless him.

used before a pron.

anfani, benefit

n., ;

1.

is

is

use, advantage,

e7ina

what use

anfani obj.

anfaninsa of da anfani

it?

hahu anfani useless, anfaninsa dayawa it is of great use ; maianfani useful,

useful,

;

anfani

B

16

addua inaianfani

44

prayer that shall be

the profit of a crop,

2.

a

ejffective

a

pron.),

anfane (before a to make use of, gain

advantage from,

profit by.

angashe,

angaje,

slumber

cf

;

weariness,

muna yin

.

an-

gaje we are nodding cf gaje. angamia, f. angarmia, a large ;

stallion

;

pi.

.

1.

;

cf.

Gr.

see

Lat.

(cf.

f.

an-

Italian

aquila),

vul-

eagle.

anguria, seeds of the cotton

raw cotton

from which the seeds have been taken out. It is sometimes spelt yanguria and is 9

coin which

is

penny

in circulation

anta, hanta, gaining offer

;

offer

:

expression of incre-

dulity, really

!

anza(S.), bush with edible fruit. ap, an exclamation of wonder. a pit for catching animals, a pot for catching fish.

2,ra,

borrow; see dro.

a large Bornuese ram with conspicuous horns.

S,raS,ra,

aradu, clap of thunder, thuuderbolt

haste, intention

liver.

made in Vjarnawa antaya what has been made 1 cf. tdya.

antaya, an

;

fulako. SjUe),

p. 39. ;

S,ra, to lend,

0^

probably the Ar. j^, cotton. anini*, button, used also to describe the eightli of a

the

this prefix is

annabi, prophet see dndbi. annasara, see anasdra.

any a, an

plant, also used of

For

ansaki, pincers; see hantsaki.

ungua.

ture ; a7igulunkwagwa,cr ested

show

past.

cf.

agula

(Ar.

dependent

used

or

aguglia,

tive or

which

angulu, agulu, augulu, gula

the passive voice of the narra-

in

;

to

!

way

bridegroom.

is

your corn. anjima, by and by; sai anjima good-bye for the present see jima. anka, verbal prefix to denote seize

anguna, angaye, a of a

Gr.

aniyansu chin

41,

explanation of

angTia, hamlet

to

p. 131,

further

angonchi, the condition

aniya

lb ku dau aniya take to

see ingarma.

bridegroom.

cf.

T>

yourselves diligence

hatsinku their purpose

crop.

anfani,

ango,

arafia

diligence,

yin aniya

diligence, to hasten,

(

Ar. js.j)

ya yi aradu

;

or aradu tafaru

it

thunders.

arafia, very fine (thread) (Ar.

;.

;;

ark&ne,

arafichi, fineness.

araha, arha, cheapness

da

;

araha cheap (probably from the Italian arra, Lat. arrha

emaciated

lean, thin,

aranfaki lying dropping

in wait, eaves-

of cattle.

aras, brittleness, breakage

yan aras a load crockery

kanka you

;

da armashi

;

beautiful, fine.

ama

or azna, heathen,

the worshippers of idols

i.e.

E

atry

6 addini

na asna

idol-

ariian kasa aborigines,

;

no necessary reference to

see rafake.

arangaza, a disease

e.g.

armashi, beauty

cf.

see rama.

pain; jin arkdne

n.

to feel pain,

ame,

earnest money).

arame,

arziki

17

arafichi

;

ka-

S,ro (Ar. Sj^), loan,

hada aro to borrow ; cf

of breakables,

lend, yin aro to

zaka aras da

ya karbo aron he took the loan of ya ara doki or ya yi aron doki he lent a horse, maiaro

will get

your head

broken.

arataye, hanging

;

see rataya.

arausa, bumping shoulders, a children's game.

;

a tenant arr, be off

;

!

see ara. == tdfi

chan.

arradu, see arddu. arrafia, very fine thread

arbaa

or arba,

i.e.

Ar. iauj!,

four, often used for four thou-

sand

cf.

;

Gr. p. 66

;

arha mia

four hundred.

argini (an Asben word), an

animal of the cat tribe, small leopard with white skin and

marsh grass

see

;

arsas,

pi.

arsashi (Ar. ioLtfy),

bullet, lead for bullets.

dung, excrement;

yin

artai to beat, drive away.

aruwa, arwa,

soothsaying.

arwala, ablution (cf.

;

see alwala.

Ar. ^Jj), prosperity,

riches; a euphemism for death:

also used for chance, luck ;

see rigingini. (S.),

harm,

tor-

yin arja to injure.

arkSjia, to cause trouble. R. H. D.

thick

arziki

black spots.

arigingini, prone on the back

;

of

made

asberi, mat,

arsaberi,

artai,

northwards.

ment

see

;

arafia.

Sahara.

arbain (Ar.), forty. arewa, ariawa, north. arewachi, the northern region,

arja (K.), alja

re-

ligion.

65 allah ya kan

A

gama

arzi-

give

thee

kinka God

may

prosperity;

ya yi arziki a 2

;;

!

common was

expression for

*it

fortunate.'

ashibi (Ar. origin,

Saturday.

i{-JI),

ancestry

race,

(cf.

Ar.

a rush), a

^J-Jl,

round mat made of plaited grass.

Ssalwayi, S,salawi, S,salwai, ^saulai, halter, leading rope of a horse.

asanchi, azanchi, azenchi, meaning, explanation, know-

;

pi.

ashendwa, the

name

Tuareks in the Sahara Desert. (cf.

pieces),

Ar-^*;^, to cut in

round

twenty;

(Ar.),

see

ashuta, ashibta (S.), a bird snare made by a line of running nooses supported by a row of spikes. ashiri

asiri,

secrecy

(cf.

Ar. rt

buden

;

j^\

asiri

(lit.

flat

;

to a superior.

pieces of

see azirka.

;

asirta, to

secret, to dis-

aska, 2.

pi. asaki,

askake,

ashar, disrespectful language, contempt of court.

askar,

salt

used

razor;

broidery on a tobe.

askalaye

ashara, abortion. ashasha, a kind of bag made of grass with narrow opening.

1.

a triangular piece of em-

aska, aske, aski,

salt.

ashauma, ashoma,

make

cuss secretly.

asha, an exclamation. Oh ashana, matches; aNupeword.

medicinally.

shege.

.

see ashuta.

ishirin.

ox

of a tribe of

aserimi

ashirin

cf

;

;

asirka, a hole in the nose of an

asasaji*, girth strap.

asben,

statement.

ashegi, profligate

see hasdra.

enna azenchin wdnan what the meaning of this ? asara, misfortune

is

receiving a

of

is

yin asanchi to devise

;

way

open secrets) scandal allah ya rufe asirinka God preserve thy secrets: a salutation

ledge, understanding, clever-

ness

and

implies incredulity

a rude

ashibta, a snare

see usali.

asalo

ashe,ashioraje, surely, indeed, it

Sisabat, 3,subat, S,sabar, asibit,

asali,

askunia

18

3>sabat

(S.),

v.

to shave.

a kind of green

grasshopper. pi.

askarawa (Ar. j.iL^)

(Turkish, Persian lascar), soldier

word

;

id.,

(?)Eng.

the ordinary

for soldier in

Hausa

is

dan-yaki.

askunia,

anything

used

to

cover the opening of a door-

;;

asna

way

window opeuing, e.g. windows proper

or

grass-mat

;

do not exist in Hausaland. asna, heathen see arna. a moth from a

pi. asoshi,

black

larva

caterpillar,

its

very destructive to

is

cloth, wool, etc. S

asuba

X

(Ar. Aa.

often pro-

assicsuba very early;

cf.

asurimi, a sphere;

see

azu-

rutni. ass.

aswaki, a

stick

for

cleaning

kwakwan

coco-nut

palm.

dtagara

Atagara

is

home

of

said to be the old

the Arago tribe. ^tajirchi, riches. ^tajiri, (cf.

dtajira, pi. dtajirai

f.

Ar.

jj».lj),

a person of

rank or wealth, a merchant. S-tanin

(S.),

ran' litini

Mon-

day.

aturkiunami, f aturkurrmmay a two humped camel. audiga, cotton; see ahduga. augulu, vulture ; see angulu. auka, to collapse, subside, of a animals,

to

close

up; i.q. afka, q.v. auki, expansion as of rice when boiled, abundance, prosperity, aquantityof salt i.q. afki,c{.Y. ;

F

to measure;

to weigh,

139 ayuka

awunsu

actions are weighed measure length or width; rmi, auna guzunsa we measured the bottom (of the tree) auna ma to weigh out, i.e. to sell; maauni scales ; rnaaunia a corn dealer (a woman's to

trade).

aura, a red ass. aure, to marry see amre, auro, to marry see amre. ausigi, half a piece of cloth, zane, i.e. about 2J yds. auta, smallest, youngest; autan ;

name given

ataras, a

to kola

nuts newly imported

from

Gwanja, also used generally nut see under goro.

for kola

atatare,

atuni, dysentery.

auna, awuna, auni,

teeth.

Sitagara,

to sneeze,

attabibi, ettabibi (Ar. UjJ*), doctor, witch doctor.

trap for

rarta.

S,suwa, an

j^^-lxfr),

.

J

.^.o),

nounced azuba, dawn, the time between jijiji and hanchi',

a large tree with edible

fruit.

atishawa sneezing. atsabibi (Ar.), doctor.

asnanchi, heathenism. small

atile*,

atis]ia(cf. Ar.

;

asu,

aula

19

;

completely, collected

together

;

see tatara.

;

2/asathe little finger; p.

cf.

M.H.

167, tumfafia ta auta the

2—2

!

auzu

20

smallest

pumpkin

autan

;

ji-

kafiki the small feathers in a bird's wing.

auzu, dog.

awa, awada, how,

like

as,

awai*, a species of rubber tree. awaki, goats see akwia. awart^ki, tongs see awortdki. awarwaro, a convolvulus with small white flowers, eaten by sheep and goats. = yeriadi and yamhuTuru. ;

;

awS,za, a rib

;

see awoza.

has a yellow pea-shaped

flower

;

:

weighing ya kawo mata awo

specially used of cf.

pods contain from

its

;

two to four reddish seeds, from which an oil, e.g. the oil used by watch-makers, is ob-

ay a,

;

cf.

plied to the points

a

as 2.

sign

wonder

sign,

^yaba (Yoruba 2.

;

outside;

see

aworta,ki, awartS,ki,

hawor-

tS.ki, tongs.

awoza, awS.za(S.),

pi.

awozaij

rib, side.

Yoruba

banana

name

for the

people.

ayari, caravan

ayu (Fulah

;

a mythical

aiyari.

cf.

id.),

the

man

name

of

or creature

supposed to live in water and

anyone in who hap-

to drag

ayu

it.

name

used as the

from which ;

cf

.

M. H.

also

is

of a riveroil

is

ob-

p. 37.

ayyareye, a meaningless word with which nursery rhymes sometimes begin. §.za, to put a thing on another, e.g. on a pack horse, distinct from aje to put down, cf M.H. p. 206, shi kan aza tsaranka .

awuna, to weigh see auna. ay a, an interjection, well ;

hizhiz

S,ya (arachis hypogaea), a kind of

an ex-

fruit.

ayagi, the Hausa

tained

woje.

id.), 1.

banana

fish

awoje, abroad,

3.

;

pression of incredulity.

used of a gun, to aim

cf.

used

o°o

punctuation;

of

pens to see

;

La

ajI),

verse of the Koran, also ap-

he brought corn for her to yin awo is sometimes buy. auna.

guchia.

ayoyi (Ar.

pi.

tree

awo, measure, weight; abin awo anything to measure or weigh with; yin awo to measure, to weigh awo shi tukuna there is a remainder awo corn;

it

tained

about.

is

§,za

ground nut, sweet

inside, a

quarter of an inch in length

;

dakai

it

places

companion above you.

ma

your aza

to place on, used of taxes,

to assess.

[

azaba

ba...ba

21

azaba (Ar. ^J^)y pain, punishment, illness wurin azaba a

prayer at that

the call

to

time;

rana.

I

cf.

;

dark place in which criminals are confined, a place of exe-

azuji, a gossip,

ftzumaki, a.zurniaki, worms in horses or asses.

cution.

9 » ^

^zumi

azabta, to cause pain.

Ar. j>yci),

fast,

yin

azmni to fast, D 22 kuna azumi kuna zaka da haji you fast and go on the pilgrimage.

^ "

azakari (Ar.j^>), penis, word used by educated men for biira.

(cf.

S,zurfa or

a,zurufa

(cf.

Ar.

azalia*, misfortune (Ar. Jjt).

azalumi, deceiver see tsalimi. azanchi, cleverness see asan-

vJLjj-o), silver.

;

;

chi.

S.zara, a cross-beam

on top of

a doorway, also rafters of deleb

(e.g.

palm) used for ceiling

S,zunnuki, see dzumaki.

azurumi, asurumi, a large pyramid (of salt), a sphere, azuzanchi^ gossip cf. azuji. azuzuka, to be lucky. ;

a flat-roofed house. azS-ra,

segment of kola nut.

azargagi, azazargi

(S.),

b.

ma-

zargi, a noose for catching

zin azargagi

animals with, to tie in a

azawa,

bow.

treasures,

F

dictionary this explosive b

94 alaza-

written

wa.

azbin, Asben

made

b.

is

The following are

a few instances

see asben.

;

:

barao, bare,

bdri, bdtdy bdchi, bdta, bdche^

azenchi, meaning; se>Qasanchi.

azirka

There are a number of Hausa an initial or medial b has an explosive sound and is quite distinct from the ordinary b. In this words, in which

batasda, bauta (a dance), bera, (cf.

Ar.

AijJs),

in the nose of

a hole

boye. Instances of

an ox to

medial

explosive

put a rope through, a nose

(forearm),

rope,

yimbu.

azne, heathen

;

see arne.

azuba, dawn see asuba. azuhur, azSJaar, az2,far

b

sdbo,

(S.)

time about 2 p.m..

lebo,

—for interchange of sounds, cf. burfumi

;

(Ar.), the

words with are gdba

rubsa

—

b

tabo,

and

f

—-furtumi,

rufsa,

ba...ba, not.

It

is

placed be-

;

.

ba

babaki

22

fore

and after the verb or the

sentence which

negatives,

it

we may have ha ya gani mutum or ha ya gani mu-

When

thus

rank.

ha

the noun which

tum ha he did not

man;

see the

is the more In the case of a

the latter

idiomatic.

negative interrogation the

se-

cond ha is frequently omitted; ha ya and ha ya yi are usually abbreviated to bai

ha na

;

is

abbreviated to han, thus han sani ha I do not know.

origin, ancestry,

etc.

;

thus

hahaushe a Hausa native, halaraha

an Arab,

hature

a

white man. ba, to give, to cause

;

ya hani

made me laugh, ya hashi tsoro he made him af raid, han hanu clapping, han magana flattery han kwana daria he

placed before it

qualifies

usually written hahan;

it is

thus hahan kai great head

common Hausa

(a very

= horintumki reka = gaskiarka, children

to

;

haba gaused

The use

of -n after

haha suggests that the word

was cf

.

originally a substantive

hahan gari, hahar saraiUa.

bSiba,

pi.

hahdnij eunuch.

baba,

pi.

hahobi, hahuna, hahai-

bai (indigofera endecaphylla),

grows

wild

in

many parts of Hausaland.

It

Indigo.

is

It

also cultivated for the sake

of its

dye which

is

obtained

saying good-bye, ha lahdri to

by the fermentation

bring news, pass. part, hayu

leaves in water

of ha

For distinctive uses and hada see hada cf

;

of its

for descrip-

tion of the indigo plant

M. H.

cf.

p. 56.

;

baba-juji, a

hayes^ hayasda.

by

confirm an as-

sertion ; han Tnagana big talk,

:

given.

sur-

name) ; haha dajeka marabout stork

flattery.

ba, a prefix to nouns to denote

used of

ha, great, large; as

persons, important, of high

common weed with

small pink flowers, so called

baa,

n.

mockery

(cf.

Ar. Uj, to

attack with evil eye), yin haa to deride, to scoff at, haache

to

mock

at.

babS,, father.

baba, babba, pi. mainya or maiya^ often pronounced hab-

because

it

grows on dung-

heaps.

babake, to become black

;

see

haki.

babaki, to

singe, blacken at a used of the growling of a lion, or of the crackling of fire,

H

babaku

A 31 rana kiama kan wuta ta hahaki. babaku, black, pi. of bak% q.v. hell-tire,

babambade hade

bSda

23

fool),

or bade

great

(lit.

jester, buffoon,

a

No

baby won't take

for

an

answer. bS.che, to lose, see bdta^ yaki ya

bache the battle

is lost.

bache, bachi, to destroy, to be spoiled, su bache

king's singer, a public crier,

spoil, to

M.H.

tare they perish together, daji

303

p.

;

cf.

hamhada.

babani, uncle, father's brother. babania, aunt, father's sister. babarkiya, a special kind of earth used for making the

cement which

is

placed on

babauchi,

baubauchi, bad Hausa, patois see hohowa. babe, f. babania, pi. babaye, ;

a

large

species

of

(i.e.

my

is

me),

ceive

bache before

bdchin

often used idiomati-

kajina duka babu

fowls are gone

M.H.

!

ba abin da babu there

nothing lacking,

cf.

prov.

household servant

goes

;

cf.

who

could

dimajo,

without.

(S.),

to give, to give up, usu-

ally joined

word

;

with some other

thus bada girima to

honour, bada gaskia tohoiiQwe to acquit, bada laifi to condemn, bada wuri to give place to used with hainya it means to lead, hainya ya ba-

or

;

damu the road led Where the accusative

follows

the verb directly bada

is

in preference to ba,

indirect

object

us

to.

used

where the

follows

the

ba-

verb directly bada must not

wrong

be used. Ex. ya bani kurdi he gave me money, but, ya bada kurdi ga mutane he

komi ya bache hankuri a bu everything

do not dechuchenawa,

(lit.

pi.

the bachucheni was a sort of

bada

cally, e.g.

p. 170.

hata.

cf.

n.,

ba-chuche-ni

bada,

not,

something, and bago nothing).

all

196;

p.

pron. obj., to curse,

without;

no,

babu wonda no one, babu komi nothing, or there is nothing the matter, babu keau it is not good, babu wawa F 137 without doubt (cf. similar use in Kanuri of ago is

M.H.

bachi before

ba abu not anything),

nothing,

babu

spoilt

is

nothing can be obtained),

not be sold

locust.

babu

(i.e.

zuchia quarrelling.

flat roofs.

babuiia,

ya bache the bush

where patience is lacking. jinjiri ba ya san babu ba a

;;

.

badada gave money to the men, ya haslii ita he gave her to him. hddaj before a pron. oh^.ha.she^

away, betray cf. badada, badabada, a fool to give

ha.

;

;

cf

bafade, bafadi, a king's minister, a hanger on at court T^\.faddwa, q.v.

bafayu, parents, relations. bafulatana, 1. a plant like a dandelion with edible

hade.

badS.de, badede, some day. ko

hadade some day or other, prob. connected with dede.

bird like a small heron

cf.

da moshin woni O by the move-

helhela chi

—

;

you b ments of

live

off ticks

found on other ani-

others,

i.e.

it

2.

feeds

mals.

called

;

see hahamhade.

Kanuri

next year; B 1 20 makada maizache (cf.

hali),

from

made from

colour.

its

gum

used as incense

roots of the taura

tree.

ba-gabazi, one who has come from the east. bagare, a chieftain pi. garewa. :

bagarua, by metathesis for gaharua (acacia arabica), acacia tree, the bark of which is used for tanning it grows ;

near water is

bade, jester

fruit.

a reddish biting ant so

bafur, a

badai, a sedge. badagula, fooKsh talking. badawa, a kind of guinea-corn. badbila, belbela or bilbila (buphus leuconotus), a white

bad!

bahasi

24

;

made an

For use of it M. H. p. 57.

from

its

seeds

ink

or

dye.

in tanning h.

kasa

=

cf.

cassia

mimosoides, a low herb with

badi meditating coming next

spindle-shaped edible tubers.

hanna and hara. lily (nymphaea lotus), wasar hado a children's game in which the white petals are removed and the

bagashi, vernoniapumila (com-

year bSido,

cf

;

.

water

stalk peeled

down

to the ca-

lyx in strips which are

round

when

it,

top the flower

wound

released like a

falls revolving.

baduka, baduku,

pi. dukawa^ a worker in leather, a maker

of shoes

;

cf.

M. H.

p. 76.

positae).

bagidaje, a stupid or rustic yokel (cf. gida). bago, ambush, lurking place cf. mahdga watch-tower. bagwonja*, a brass pot. bahago, a left-handed person cf.

;

hagum.

bahar ilnial,the Mediterranean Sea,

M. H.

p.

207.

bahasi, enquiry, investigation

;

used

an

of

alkali's

investigation.

bahilchi, shirking, greed;

cf.

baiwa, generosity, gifts A 83 maibaiwa generous, M. H. ;

p. 194.

bajajache*, light coloured.

seq.

J^\

bahili* (Ar.

a miser,

cowardly person. bai, a contracted form of ba ya or ha ya yi, also a contraction of baya back, M. H. p. 223 etc. an

bakache

25

bahilchi (Ar.),

;

idle or

baia, after

;

see baya.

baji, baje, to raze or destroy a

town, to level a road,

bazu

it is

made

ya

level.

baji, applied to large hips in a

woman. bajini (K.), bajimi (S.), bijimi, a bull also used as an ;

baibai (a contraction of baya backwards, akandar-

baya), hiishi

was bound

baibai he

with his hands behind him. waclanan abaibai those about (or

who

followed) him.

baibai, baibaiya, pi. baibaiyi or baubawa, barbarous people, people who only wear

adj.,

very strong.

bajinta, complaisance

;

yin ba-

jinta to comply with.

bajumba, a

red coral bead.

b^ka, pi. bdkuna masc, bow bakan kibia bow and arrows, bakan allah (lit. God's bow) or bakan gizo (lit. spider's bow) cf. also mashan a rainbow ;

grass clothes.

rua.

baibaiya, bebeya, to thatch a house with grass = yin jinka. baibaiyi, a ring put through a man's lower

lip.

baichin = bayan luonga after baiki, roar,

;

see babaki.

;

kurdin baiko a

dowry.

baini (K.), a very small baiso, a drink,

bird.

allah,

arched roof of house, also of white turban with

name

slave

lit.

of

God, a bird rather smaller than a sparrow cf bawa. ;

.

bakan shiba a bow-shaped instrument used for cleaning cf. and preparing cotton ;

ganderi, masabi.

baka, bakan gishiri a load of salt after it has been cut up into small pieces

i.q. beso, q.v.

baiwa, bauya, female slave baiiuan

hunter, bakan gizo used of

several colours on its edge; after, baichin

this.

D 72

baiko, a gift

baka a good

sarikin

bakache,

now

;

1. v.

2.

kache one

n.

;

cf.

kanto.

to fan, to win-

a fan

who

;

maiba-

fans or win-

;

bakanta

26

bakanta, bakanche, to idle, useless life,

live

an

bakanchi a

pi.

hakuna, mouth, edge,

hakin kofa doorway, hakin rua the bank of the

brink

;

hindiga da baki biu gun

river,

with two barrels, bakin wuta stick

on which meat

to be cooked over a

placed

is

fire,

torch,

bakin gatari the handle of the axe, yin baki to promise, yin baki daia to

make an agreegama baki

ment, to conspire, to speak the

same language,

to agree together, baki daia in

drill,

altogether,

at

one

stroke, bakin dutsi foot of a hill,

abakin in exchange

for.

b^ki, often pi'onounced baiki, f.

bdka,

pi.

dangari stranger and

bdbaku, babake,

; A 21 sun sanfari sun san baki they knew the difference between black and

black

white, bakin zuchia

(lit.

black-

citizen,

yin bako to have a stranger staying with one,

gambler, cadger.

baki,

bS,lanta

131,

cf.

Gr. p.

44 gobirawa kun yi

1.

baki ye

men

of

Gobir ye have

guests with you; bakuar mache

a strange woman.

bakon dauro, bakonchi

see bakwondoro.

(K.) or

bakontaka

the service done to a

(S.),

stranger; yin bakonchi

is

to

show hospitality. bakua, a glittering earth or sand

(?).

bakurme prison

;

(K.), cf.

chief

of

the

sankurmi.

bakuru, bukuru, a kind of saddle; dan bakuru a donkey. bakwondoro or bakon dauan eruptive skin disease which usually appears when the dauro is ripe. ro,

balaga

(Ar.), to arrive at the

age of puberty,

balagage,

pi.

balagagu, onewhohsifi reached

ness of heart) evil disposition,

the age of puberty

thought ; bakin chiki sorrow bakin rua plain water with no meal in it ; babake

balagage the age of puberty,

evil

;

to

become black

;

bdki baki

M.H.

p.

;

lokachin

228.

balagande, a plant from which a yellow dye is obtained.

blackish or dark blue, baki

balagiro, cattle sickness.

kirin very black.

balaguro, a bachelor. balami, a large-nosed ram (?). b^lanta, ba,lante, much less

bakintaka, blackness. bako, f bakua, ^A.bakuna, baki or .

bakokuna, strange, stranger, guest, visitor;

A 15

bako da

usually preceded tive

;

cf. bale.

by a nega-

;

bambare

27

balas balas*, a kind of trousers. balasana, a small plant or grass.

balatache, worthless. balausara, a plant with small blue flower

balbadu, barbadu, to spring up, of

water

see hadhila.

;

It

bale (usually preceded by a

much less, much more

who accom-

chief;

different,

distinct from;

up as

of

F

separate,

146 tamhaya

bambam ga kowa

the ques-

tions at each are different,

ya

bam.bam it is different, bambam ddga different from. bambami, the name of a small yi

hallu.

ma-

balle, to unfasten, untie; halli

babam-

cf.

bade.

fornicator.

past part.

ma-

bambadawa,

bambam,

;

.

plur.

bambagi,

a button or loop

cf

;

singers

negative particle),

therefore.

among usually

jusi.

not to mention,

balla, to fasten or tie

is

applied to pagan Hausas in

mounted pany a

balbalnia, flame. balbela, a bird

inaguzawa^ hea-

Mohammedans.

bambada,

barhadi.

cf.

;

pi.

then, esp. those living

Kano and Katsena

lausurii.

cf.

;

bamaguje,

loop

fastening,

of

:

a

bone, to break. balli, a large

It usually builds its

bird.

balle, balla, to sting.

bony

nest of cotton.

bambSjui, macaranga

fish.

a

sp. (eu-

woody

balli balli, sores, scars, scabs.

phorbiaceae),

balma, an

creeper used for dyeing the

inferior

kind of

salt,

= the

salt

perhaps originally

from Bilma, the

salt

mine at

the south of the Sahara,

balshe*, but

cf

;

.

tea ?)

harshe.

buza leave off drinking in-

The wine

is

ob-

tained by direct incision into

the steins of the palm-tree (tukurua),

it

begins to fer-

ment on the second or third day.

dark strands in mats.

bambana,

1.

a large tree, with

edible fruit (asclepias gigan-

bam, bami, bumbi, palm wine D 1 aher sha gia da hma da toxicants.

tall

2.

;

an aquatic

plant.

bambanche, to differentiate. bambanchi, bambanta, difference, distinction

;

cf.

da-

bamchi.

bambanta, bambamta, differ,

v.

ba su bambamtathere

to is

no difference between them. bamibara, roasted maize. bam.bare, to loosen or drag

;

bambaro b.

hanu

they tried to set the hand

;

scab, or boil.

binding up (of corn). besides, apart from, in

addition to

bamda wanaii

;

in addition to this.

name given to M. H. p. 201.

the

2.

;

a famine;

cf.

or ba-na.

ban-gaskia,

faith, e.g.

covers the

ina da

ban-gaskia da abokina, I rely

upon my friend see ba. ban-hanu, clapping; cf. ba. bana, the name of a fish. bana, a small tree with edible ;

fruit.

falsely;

to

cf.

mock, to declare banna.

bananchi, jesting, horse-play M. H. p. 229. (for

bante),

a

loin-

mud

bamda. roasting, drying; ban-

besides

;

see

the noise of

a rushing torrent.

bando, a preparation of food. banga, a drum, banga banga, bunga bunga, 1. a royal pro-

the

stiff

cover of

bango

(K.), the head of the market or prison. bangori, piece, lump. ba-ni-da-mugu, a pimple.

bankada, bankade,

to turn

round, turn over, push aside.

bankami, bankare,

very large. to tie the

hands

to-

gether behind, to stretch out. 1.

a patch on cloth;

to patch, to

2. V.

mend,

bankuru, bamkuru, a cake made with oil and meal.

banna (Kanuri ;

2.

id.),

waste,

1.

adv. to no purpose, in

B 133 wonda ya zazari banna he who hastens after

vain,

evil

data to roast.

bandam bandam,

2.

;

a book.

evil

cloth.

in the

season.

banke,

bananche,

which dry

of earth

yam

bangai*, ribs, bangaje, to knock, kick, bango, bungo, pi. bangaye, banguna (cf. Kanuri bongo), 1. the wall of a house built of

bami, a beginner, learner. bamota, bamawuta, butterfly. ban, a contracted form of ba-ni

banda, banda,

cession

banga, the heap

free.

bambaro, to peel off; cf. bare. bambarokai, dimness of sight. 2. bambaroki, 1. egg-shell

banche

banna

28

gently oif, su ka yi su

bambu, bamda,

;

;

banna,

3. v.

to destroy, to waste.

this year

;

when used of sa na

age of cattle - a year

:

banna uku a three-year-old bull, banna daia a yearling cf. bara and badi.

bannai* i.q.

^, harm, evil;

B

bara

12,

banna, q.v. children (of both approaching the age

sexes)

(Nupe

man's loin-cloth. =fatari.) hakin

plural bdrurua implies a large number of servants such as

the

badge

of a thief; the usual

colour

is

sariki

bante, to give short measure. ban-tsoro, a fearful or terrible

;

2.

bara, baria, last year; bara wonchan the year before last. bara, a charm cf sha bara ; maida bara the name of a

less,

Hausa song concerning the

vain, use-

guinea fowl.

worthless, evil, without

reward, gratuitous does not bring ;

D

banza leave

20

aber- rikichi

off

barage, a narrow

hare to

a

cf.

na

C

silk (cf

cloth) 1

na bdra dominka tsarsheni I supplicate that thou would'st maibdra a beggar. save me. bara, masc, the swoop of a hawk. bara, point aimed at yin bdra :

or barata to aim at. ;

cf.

seq.

;

.

made with

saki a broad line in it is

also applied to

the whole garment which usually white and red;

M. H. p. 100. baraka, a slit or hole cf.

in a

;

is cf.

seam;

barke.

barakonchi,thieving ctbardo. ;

baramchi*, the name

bara, to recover after sickness used esp. of vomiting after drinking poison (Ar. f^jj)

line in a piece

of cloth, usually

vain deceit.

bS,ra, to beg, supplicate,

baran-

cf.

baran.

zomo kasua idleness

shi kai

market

barabara, single;

banza ba

;

.

;

let

to admit, acknowledge. id.),

an

officer of the king's

household,

thing.

banza (Fulah

baran

a king would have,

blue and white.

banupia, a kind of bird, banya, banye, 1. to loose,

be

The

not lawfully be sold.

(A woman's bante

guiltless, to

A

towel, apron, a

id.),

be

as distinguished from bawa a servant [bara) could slave.

hantnna

pi.

Ar.), to

bdrori or bdrurua, a servant

of puberty,

bante, banche,

(

discharged from the court. b§,ra, to divide ; see bare. bS,ra, f. bdrania, baranya, pi.

bannawa,

go

baranchaki

29

bannai

large

of

a

fish.

baran-baran, separation,

vari-

ance,

baranchaki, a creeping plant

;

baranchi

:;

barewa

30

the fruit of which

is

used by

children as a rattle.

give seller a fixed price, keep-

ing for himself any profit and risk

of

to scatter

spilling,

baranchi, stealing; cf. harao. baranda, a system of sale under which the broker arranges to

taking

barbada,

dan

loss.

haranda a broker who accepts business on these terms.

;

harbadua corn

of

e.g.

barbadi, berbadi, crumbs of food, grains of sand,

barbaji, a blood-sucking

barbara, berbera,the coupling of animals or birds, not used of a horse

see haye.

;

Ar. jjj^,

an old sword), a hatchet with

bardinuwa, birduduwa

(cf.

(?)

fly

see herhaje.

barbaro, a kind of cloth, barde, pi. harade, cavalry,

barandemi

or

sand.

(cf.

broad blade.

barankana,

sticking

trance,

ya yi

passage, fast,

a

in

fast h.

en-

of

difficulty

he stuck

used of a dog trying to

get through a hole in the wall cf.

hokoto.

barantaka,

service, yin haran-

baranya, servant f.

;

baraunia,

see hdra. pi.

hardy e,

;

bSrata, barache, to aim at;

=

hale, q.v.

in half

to peel, to divide

1.

2.

;

hare, the half of a

goro nut.

1.

off"; 2.

ya haru

cf.

guda ha

;

whole not a

see hdra.

baraya

the f.

(S.),

sleeping

servant.

hari ha the

mu

half,

private room or

apartment

head of a household;

of cf.

the tu-

baraza, barasa, an intoxicating

name

imported gin.

esp. applied to

hareshi

used as

turban, this by

metathesis becomes harmushi.

bare*

(cf.

Ar. ^ij.j), an alien.

bareshi, a shrub

barewa,

rdka.

drink, a

name of a

it

also half a piece

'let us divide it' is

baraunia,

about

;

of cloth

see hara.

flies

frequently at-

it is

tracted by a light. bardo, a pigeon see herdo. bare, much more therefore

peeled

harai, thief.

barS.ra, freed

at night,

bare, bara,

tdka to serve.

barao,

Ar. ^^j^, locust's wing), a black locust which

pi.

;

see duruku.

hareyi,

antelope

properly applied to Thompson's gazelle.

The following

are some of

the antelopes

barga

basa

31

found in Hausaland. gwenJd, antelope. roan-coloured a kanki, hartebeeste. mareya,

barkatai, ness

confusion,

untidi-

magana

barkatai

shina

;

cob antelope or oryx, deri or

he talks nonsense, or, he is confused duka gidansa bar-

ddri, a Senegal hartebeeste,

katai ya ke everything in his

Senegalensis daraaliscus, kor-

house is in confusion. barke, berke, barka, tr. and intr. to tear dan barki a rag

hezia or betsia, a very

rigum.

small antelope, dinker. gada,

a small red antelope, oribi. do(/wambaza, water buck,

doka resembles

last

defassus unctuosus. rafij

cobus

kwantawalwaji,

buck.

reed

=

antilope leucoryx.

kishimi,

a solitary male of

q.v.,

any

niazo bush buck.

species,

barga, burga, lines, stable

stable,

horse-

master.

bargo, burgo, marrow. bS,ri, to dry in the sun, to cast the young, to miscarry hai;

fua of

bdri, still-born

:

also used

a water-pot

letting

slip

from the head and break. baria, hole, opening (a Kanuri

word

?)

;

cf

.

dambaria.

baria, last year

barka

(cf.

;

ii),

1.

to

thank, to bless, to congratulate,

F 2 1 5 suna barka dajiuna

they

congratulate

other; n.

2.

an expression

lation;

one

barka or berka

cf.

an(q.v.)

of congratu-

albarka.

barkata, a herb used in making soup.

;

or piece of cloth

barkonchi,

;

cf

.

baraka. daft-

foolishness,

ness, deceit.

barkua, a tear, e.g. in cloth. barmakai, young of hyena. barmushi, a turban ; see bermushi.

bama, damage bama, twisting ;

see berna.

of a double turban round the head ; see

berna.

bamatS.da,

to injure.

bS,ro, plenty.

baroro, a bird's crop. barra, to beg ; see bdra. barshe, so much the more ; or following negative, so

the less

see bara.

Ar. i)j^

;

;

cf.

much

balshe, bale.

bartaka, to point a gun or aim an arrow. baru, see bare. barwa, sand grouse. barza,togrind flour thoroughly. barzawa regrinding flour. barza, outer ditch round a

town

;

see berza.

barzo, badly ground

flour.

basa*, the name of a vegetable

;

;

bauchi

32

b^sara poison used for smearing ar-

bata, bachi, spoilt

rows.

batache,

b^sara, the hottest part of the dry season see hdzara. basasa, raiding, civil war.

batachi, destruction.

bashasha,

ba-taka (do not

;

joy.

bashe, to betray, seduce; see hdda.

bashi,

pi.

basusuka, debt, credit

be

destroy,

to

see bdchi.

;

f

.

bdtachia^ pi. bdtatUy

spoiled, destroyed, wasted.

of

tread),

used

place

into

a prohibited

which no one may enter, bataka, to defend, protect,

shina da hashina he owes me; this might also be expressed

batas, to destroy, to waste, to

inabinsa bashi; cf.Gr.

b^tasda,

p. 131,

kun dauki bashi ye have come to collect 1.

kun

47.

tdfo

maibashi a

a debt,

wants to buy on

man who mai-

credit,

Sj-j-aj),

prudence,

a

basur,

basiru,

B

152.

venereal

disease (Ar.).

baska, a kind bS,so, batso,

of gourd.

dodowar

from

fruit of the

conversation

to converse

a small box usually

tree.

made

of

na

be

lost.

na yi bdtankai, I na bdche hainya the road, hainya ta

bdta, or

lost myself,

I lost

bdche the road is lost,

or batta losing

;

with

prep,

reference

to.

bature, baturi (Kanuri id.), Arab, lit. son of Arab {ture\ a word applied to any white

out

stranger

or

without

;

baturen

man who pays

counting;

cf.

ture.

baubauwa,

unintelligible talk

see bobowa.

bS,ta, to talk, converse; see bdtu. lose,

yin bdtu

;

cf . bdta.

chacha a foolish

a snufF-box.

b^ta, b^che, to

;

man

yakua

see betsia.

bdso.

made

bS,ta, barta, pi. batochi^bartochi,

skin, e.g.

;

batso, a kind of dodowa; see

baso,

a kind of dodowa (q.v.)

to

way.

batsia, antelope

bS,tun, sagacity, discernment;

hainya,

bdtasdct

lose the

b3,tu,

chin bashi a debtor.

basira* (Ar.

spend.

bdchewa

see bdche.

bauchi, the land of baibdyi, i.e. of pagans who cannot speak

Hausa

cf.

;

bobowa.

bauchi, slavery

;

cf.

bauta and

bawanchi.

bauchi,

1.

speech,

a strange or foreign

2.

the

name

of one of

;

bauda

;

baya

33

the provinces in N. Nigeria

baushia,

where Hausa is little spoken. bauda, used with hainya = to deviate from a straight course

bushia.

hautlua deviating. to one side,

baude, to dodge haudia dodging,

e.g.

to avoid

an arrow; havdiwa causing to deviate C 23 taiia baudiwa koiva she makes everyone to ;

deviate (from the right way).

bauderi, a small bad-smelling cat

see hitdari.

;

;

see

;

bauta, a dance performed by young men. bauta, 1. slavery; 2. bauta or D 42 yin bauta to serve bawa wanda ke bauta ta banza a slave who has served a vain ;

service.

bawa,

baiwa, bauya or ba-

f.

bayi,

vxtiya,

pi.

bawan

allah

God),

or

bai,

slave

a slave of simply bawa, a (lit.

servant of God.

baudi, to avoid. bauji, girth

hedgehog

a

baujin doki horse

bawali, boali, boli, urine (Ar.

girth.

bauna,

pi. bakani mbauna), buffalo. bauni, pi. baunuka

(cf.

Fulah fore-

(S.),

(S.),

a block of potash or

salt.

baura, a proper name, dan baura the jackal cf. M. H. ;

p.

ficus

which yields a milky juice rubber,

and

has

an

bauri*, bitter taste, da bauri bitter.

baushe(terminalia macroptera, combrataceae), a large tree

with

flat,

and

sticks

R.

H. D.

slavery.

bawa

(bawon being

the connective form), rind,

bawon kwoi

eggshell,

bawon

doiya peel

of

yam,

bawal

kamanu

(lit.

the outside of

winged are

fruit,

things.

M. H.

p. 227.

baya, baia, the back, the hinder parts, used also as preposition,

beyond, below, bebay an hanu the palm of the hand, abin baya the past, behind,

edible fruit; see gamji.

it.

or

to a

appearances) the colours of

198.

baure, bore, a species of like

bawanchi,

bawo

arm.

baura

bawan-allah, esp. applied learned man.

bows

made from

sides;

that which lies beyond, bayan hdka moreover, after this. baya is frequently followed by ga, baya ga chin tuo after eating food, chimbaya back-

baya nabaya

biting,

is

used ad-

haya

33,

cf.

J

'

creeping,'

an

expression applied to a cat.

hayansa in his absence, ddga hay ana while I was away, bayan daki away from home;

M. H.

jin haya

198.

p.

ka ha dokinnan dusa kada ya ji hayan dawa give this horse bran lest he miss his corn, to miss, feel the loss

baya, to give giver,

F

bayala, 2.

;

cf.

of,

mahaya a

14.

of a page;

a sufficiency of goods.

bayan mareya*,

a grass used

in thatching.

bayS,na or bayena

4jG

ii),

1.

Ar.

(cf.

to declare,

make

manifest, spread out, appear;

F

203 masuriha akahayenasu those who have made unjust profits are

made manifest;

2.

pi.

yarawa

(S.),

prison

officer.

re-

when

followed by an da is added, e.g. na hayes or na hayas da shf I

object

gave

baza*, a girdle made of baza, moat,

it

bayasda,

fibre.

fortification

;

cf.

berza.

baza,

to

spread out,

e.g.

to

spread out wheat to dry. haza doki to spread out horsemen

an army,

in front of

spread out

bazar a, the

cf

;

hazaje

haji.

.

hottest part of the

dry season just as the rains are beginning the dry season :

about eight months then follows darndnd the wet season ;

which lasts three months, then kdkd the harvest season which lasts one month. bazawara, a woman without a husband.

baz aware,

courting.

bazere*, a tree the root of which is used as a charm in

bazu, to be

level

bebantaka,

bayas, bayar, to give up, store;

godia

7na

childbirth.

n. manifestation.

bayare,

anyi

stallion,

ranij including hazara, lasts

margin

1.

a

hay a

verbially, 'afterwards.'

cf.

begi

34

pi.

dumb

see haji.

hehaye, a

deaf and

person.

bebey a, to thatch

;

see haihaiya.

begeyi, a tree the fruit of which

when eaten acts

up. to give, restore,

bebe,

;

deafness.

cf.

prec.

baye, the covering of a mare by

reconcile a

begi,

bege

as a charm to husband and wife.

(cf.

ing, e.g. for

Ar. ^Ju), long-

an absent

friend.

;

begua

berkono

35

begua (Nupe

id.),

porcupine.

belbela, a bird ; see badbila. beli (K.), a disease on the under-lip.

berdo,

much

bere,

a two-storeyed house, a

berere, freed

soro, q.v.

feathers.

a form of

less,

bale,

q.v.

two-storeyed house, used with

in

wild

red bird with black beak and

some white

belu, uvula ; cf. haJcin wuya. bene, a tower, the upper room

a

berdaye,

pi.

pigeon, also applied to a small

bereria,

f.

cf

;

.

bereru,

pi.

beri.

berewa, antelope see barewa. bergima, to roll over and over, used of a horse or donkey; ;

benema,

a small white diving

bird.

benue, the river Benue or Binue. According to Dr Barth the word belongs to the Ball a language and means mother

cf.

birgima.

bergo* burgo a veil

(cf.

Ar.

aijj,

covering, blanket.

etc.),

'

K

bergo, cutting

of waters.'

prisoners of

ber, to leave

;

bera or bira,

see heri. pi. heraye,

masc.

(cf. Ar. 5^1?), mouse; heran kamro a reed-grass (water)

mouse,

heran

hisa

a

field

mouse. bera, bira, a young maiden. berau, barau, the sole survivor of a family.

;

arms cf

.

of

birgiji.

berho, knife with one sharp edge; cf. i^w^a with two edges. beri, ber, to leave, leave behind,

allow

suffer,

;

maiberi an epi-

thet applied to a carrier

who

keeps putting down his load bero to leave a thing and come back, ya beroshi wuri chan he left it

berbadi, crumbs; cf. harhadi. berbaje, a horse-fly, called damisan dawaki, because spot-

the

war

there and returned.

berichi, sleep

;

see berchi.

berikata*, fruit of yakua plant.

berima*

(Ar. i«J>:>), gimlet.

ted like a leopard tsetse-fly*. :

berberi, of

pi.

Bornu

:

bernawa, a native herherchi the

Kan-

uri (Bornuese) language.

berbira, a small black bird that eats mosquitoes.

berchi,

berichi,

berchi to sleep.

berka, used in greeting, berha da zua welcome a blessing on your coming, berka da !

welcome to you for the whole day see barka. berke, to tear see barke. yini

;

sleep;

yin

;

berkono, barkono, pepper.

3—2

;

;

bermushi bermushi, barmushi, a variegated cloth used for making turbans.

bema, barna, loss,

waste, damage,

mischief

cf

;

.

harnata to

damage.

bema, barna,

the folding of

two black and white coloured turbans round the head. bero, to leave see heri. bersa,birza,to grind thorough;

ly

berza, barza,

1.

mud dug

out

to

make a

D

28 idan ya fita hankalinsa

wall

;

da herza if he go remain at home,

2.

wall

;

cf.

out, his wits

also used of

glacis in a fortification.

beso,

baiso,

made

of

a drink

betso,

honey, pepper and

water.

very small.

For

of antelopes found in Hausaland, cf. under harewa. beza, biz a, a kind of salt brought from Asben. list

bi, to follow, to

obey

;

hiyo to

follow in direction of speaker; in the expression ina hinka

bashi you are indebted to me,

used in the sense of dunning a person for a debt bi

.

;

biyu, ta biyu it

is

pass.

followed.

1. to pay, to reward; payment, wages; bia bashi to pay a debt, biya bukata to meet the needs of, kowa ya biya bukata tasa each

bia, biya, 2.

n.

obtained what he needed. biar (Ko.), bial (Kats.), biat (S.), five.

betsia, batsia, bezia, dinker antelope,

wanda ta fandare they followed a path that was crooked ; bi dere to go by night cf. kdda abi guzunsa let not its cause be enquired into M. H. p. 161, also to go the round of, cf. na bi denginsu I went the round of their family cf idiom sunanka ya bika you are true to your name, biyeya following, used of loyalty to a patron,

see harza.

;

bida

36

is

kana hina bashi lam indebted to you. Used with hainya or tafarkij A 22 suna bi tafarki

biawa, following

;

see

6i,

E

Tnu ke biawa har bakura

39

we

follow the road to Bakura.

bibia,

1.

judge,

n.

to

judgment; discern,

2, v.

to

to

look

carefully into.

bibini, grumbling; see bimbini.

biche, to put out a fire,

light, of

a

to go out.

bichia (S.), a kind of tree. bida (S.), a large curved needle for thatching.

bida, small snake with

tail like

a second head, and with two mouths, dan bida pin used

9

for pressing cotton, so called

resemblance

from

this

to

snake.

bida, bide seek,

(bef. pers. pron.), to

to

after;

search

amhideka (wait) sought

till

hida

for.

as a verbal n.

is also

and

sai

you are is

used

either

masc. or fern, ina hidan mache, suna hidal alherka. bidl, the inside of a small ground

nut;

binchiki

37

blda

cf.

prov.

akansani bidi only is a fast

when a rout occurs horse known,

bidi is usually

applied to a roan horse,

bidi

kernel of a ground nut the

which

colour of

instead of

resembles

;

bijaji, plaits

under a woman's head-coverbijigi, to

trample down.

bijimi, bull

.

you and bring you back. bif, used of sound of a blow, or of a stone falling on

bika,

bigensu to their place.

bige*, bigi, seat, place on ground

duniarga

babu bigi ka zamna there is no place for sitting down in this world.

is

prosperous.

bikoka, baboon.

pi.

biki, purification of a

woman

after the birth of her child.

biki, marriage feast

;

see buki.

bikiki, wide. bikilli, a

dark bay horse.

bikira, a virgin.

biko, to go after a wife

who has home

returned to her parents'

to persuade her to return.

bima,

cf.

1.

badbila.

marks on cheek.

hole in the ground

used as a trap

;

2.

the falling

in of a well etc.

bimbini

a roof. bige, used as a preposition like

F 71

bajini.

cf.

;

bijinta, victory, prosperity; ya

bille, tribal

cf.

cf.

ing.

cry about going to seek for

;

;

buji buji, biji biji, or knots projecting

bilbila,

for sitting

bigerinsa

M. H. p. 227 allah ya yi bigeri God made everywhere.

brought here cf M. H. p. 2 1 kuka na zua abidoka the out;

;

in its place

biko, tribute.

that of a bidi horse.

bldo, to seek and return with abidota let her be sought and

imiri,

it,

yi bijinta he

cf. seq.

bidi, a strong horse; sai anfosa

bigeri, bigire, place

1.

or binbini, bibini,

grumbling, fault-finding;

B 54 rika binbini refrain from grumbling 2. to grumble, to examine in order to find fault ;

with,

B

18.

binchiki, binchike, f. questioning; anzo binchiken m,a-

'

bindiga

gana

;;;

;

38

came

it

nation

of

hinchiki

an exami-

to

the

story;

yin

enquire, to ask

to

for news.

bindiga,

birkichi bio, to follow and come here see biyo.

bira,

to hop, skip,

1. v.

n.

2.

skipping.

pi.

hindigogi,

gun

bira, a

mouse

;

see bera,

bindiga da haki hiu double

birane,

The word haiiduka is used by the Arabs in N. Africa for a gun. It is

birbira, coupling of animals

barrelled gun.

perhaps a corruption of the

word

Venedigo in former time guns were largely imported into N. Africa by the '

'

;

The

Venetians.

Egyptian-

Arabic for gun is d^jjj. hundaka in Egypt = bullet, in Hindustani hundak = gun. bindo, a sling. bindu, an edible reed, which grows in water. bingi,

a

large

dark-coloured

male donkey.

see barbara.

birbiri, a small species of bat

= kanen

birdudua, black

;

see

birga, to break a horse, to

drill

birga, reproach, abuse,

soldiers.

birgami

a large bag for

(Z.),

holding cowries cf.

buhu

birgima

made of skin

(K.).

or

birkima, rolling;

D 27 shina

birkima kamanda

chocha he rolls like an ant

note on harawa.

birgiji,

one who cuts

hands,

bingire

locust

bardinuwa.

cf.

bingira,

jemagi.

birbizo, dung-hill.

bingi, a large cistern, or a pond of stagnant water.

of birni, q.v.

pi.

of

e.g.

off

thieves

;

the cf.

pers.

(bef.

bergo.

pron.), to roll, to roll over in

sleep;

cf.

biri,

n.

yin biri to set free

birgima.

;

cf. berere.

bingiri, a cattle disease.

bini-da-zugu (jatropha

biri, pi.

curcas,

euphorbiaceae), a shrub used for hedges, the of the

West

'

physic nut

Indies

;

cf.

chini

da zugu. binjima, bijima, a kind of shirt without arms or pocket.

birai,

monkey

;

from bira to biribiri,

biraye, biruoia,

perhaps a

derived

skip.

yellow

-

breasted

pigeon. birji, hillock; see burji.

birkichi or birkiche, to upset, overthrow, to shake like a

;

birkida birkiche, usually follow-

leaf,

ed by da. is

birkichi or birkita

used of a path, to bifurcate.

birkida, to dance

D

;

3 ajashi

1

da birkidawa he shall be dragged and turned over and

or bisan doki on horseback,

G 7 wanait litafi ta chika bisa yerdan allah this account is completed by the will of God. abisa is sometimes used for '

in order that.' bisa gare con-

mi ka che bisa gareni what did you say in regard to me 1 bisa zancheff nan cerning,

over.

birkita,

tr.

to turn over.

birkonchi, trickery

see bar-

;

concerning

korichi.

bima, waste see berna. bima, to bury see bizne.

bisa, bishe, to bury, dig under,

;

birane, birnua,

pi.

[Kanuri

berni^

the word

only

town

Fulah berniol]

usually applied

is

and

large

to

walled

towns, smaller places would

be called gari,

e.g.

tnasuzua

ga kofqfin birane those who frequent the

gates

birnin kano

cities,

of

the

— Kano.

biroblro, a low coarse grass.

birtuntuna = o?«t^;« babu

ido,

pass, bisu (cf.

a curved sword worn by Arabs. bisaye (?), erect, an epithet applied to a tail; cf M. H. p. 94.

bishara or in 1.

bisa,

pi.

id.),

bisashe, bisaje

(Fulah

animal, beast; bisashen

daji wild beasts,

lit.

animals

of the desert, bisashen

domestic animals,

lit.

gida

animals

of the house.

bisa,

1. n.

top,

or abisa on,

(cf. II

Ar. Jh£j, to rejoice, bring tidings),

to

a letter or paper of intro-

shir.

grind thoroughly;

ii,

cf. biso.

to ripen. to

^JL*^

bisalami*,

joice

see barza.

Ar. rt

dig holes for planting trees);

wheat or guinea-corn which has gone bad, or failed

ie.

birza,

conversa-

this

tion.

;

bimi,

biso

39

2. yin bishara to re; with anyone cf. albi-

duction

;

bishe, to bury

;

bishi, a small

drum beaten

see bisa.

to

announce games etc. bishiga, helmet see bushia. bishimi, bull, M. H. p. 182; ;

see bajimi.

bisne, benne, to bury;

see

bizne.

summit; 2. bisa upon bisa doki ;

biso,

burial,

also

planting of seeds.

applied

to

;

biu

bore

40

biu,biyu, sometimes contracted to

two

bi,

nabiu,

;

f.

1.

hiu biu used idio-

second,

matically

express

to

10,

ya yi bobowa da kun-

fa he made much spluttering and froth. Another form

tabiu

babauchi

folly.

used of unintel-

is

na yi biu biu I threw away

ligible jabber, esp. of

the substance for the shadow.

cf.

za ayi biu two,

will be

it

made

there will be double

i.e.

labour or trouble.

biya, to pay

biyarana

cf. bia.

;

(crotelaria elata

(?),

leguminosae), a yellow flowershrub.

ing

leaves

Its

are

powdered along with honey or alewa.

biyaya, statement, declaration, biyo, to follow and come here. bio bashi to collect a debt and return here biz hiz = bisa

;

cf. bi.

bisa,

cf.

M. H.

206 talauchi shi kan aza tsaranka biz bizdakaipovertj places your companion above p.

biz a, a kind of

salt

;

see beza.

bizki, a careless person.

bizne,

1.

sow a bizo

to bury;

field

;

(S.) to

glish Govt, tax of 15 p.c. paid

by caravans, bodami, a kind

of fish.

bodari, see budari. boiya, secret; cf. boya. bojua, bujua, a contemptuous

who

carries his

own

load,

boka, f. bokanya, pi. bokaye, quack doctor, wizard, usually used in a bad sense. bokanchi, the profession of a boka] cf. bokoi, seven

prec. ;

nabokoi,

f.

ta-

;

bokoto,

difficulty of entrance, cf.

baran-

kam. bola, a horse with white face.

a dung-hill.

boli, urine pi.

bobai-

foreign or unintelligible

speech

bokoko, yin bokoko to blow up, e.g. an empty bag. squeezing through ;

bawali.

cf.

bobawa, bobowa, yi,

2.

cf. biso.

sepulture.

n.

(S.),

boali,

*

bokoi, seventh.

you.

bizni,

bobua, a large fly which attacks horses and donkeys. boda, lowing of a cow or camel. boda, kurdin boda, the En-

word applied to a small trader

before a judge.

e.g.

pagans

bauchi.

su yi bobawa they

talked foolishly; cf.Gr.p. 137,

;

bombegi (cf.

see bawali.

Ar.

t^^)^

harlot,

bora, a neglected wife, a concubine.

bore, a plant with edible

fruit.

;

bori

.

budari

41

bori, 1

;.

boruiUka, borwiiiwa,

pi.

demon, delirious an inspired dance.

evil spirit,

person

2.

;

masubori or masuboli, persons possessed with an evil spirit,

or in a condition of frenzy or ecstasy

;

kurdin bori tax or

by dancers rika borin kunya she

licence fee paid cf.

ta

was mad with shame,

ta hati

buaya, buwaya, buaye, to exceed, to be too

;

bube, a contracted form of the name Abubekr.

bori she (drank the medicine

btibe, way, road.

bubuga, an

the

marabout

equivalent

=

Kano

or roof to keep off rain

;

also

used for the conical grass top of a roof

;

kwadandemi.

cf.

botsari, kicking of a donkey.

boya, boiya, hiding, secret; maboiya hiding-place. boye, boiye, boiyi, 1. to hide, to be hid, B 140 munafadi ba mu boiye ba we tell you and it

not

secretly,

na

boiyi

;

2.

boiyi or aboiyi

cf.

kwa-

buda, bude, budi, to open; abude openly budu to be ;

open

;

budede opened hainya ;

way is way through the enemy ;ya budesu = ya kobudu

ta

(or budi) the

open, to open a

resu; budar kai the ceremony of taking the

a bride;

cf.

wedding

veil off

allah shi

buda

daji a salutation to a hunter intens.

form

bid>ucle, ta b. id-

anu she opened her eyes wide.

we

budebaki evening meal during

rejoice secretly

pass, boiyu, boiyo to hide one-

intens.

form boboye to

hide oneself right away.

bu, yin bu to bleat, bellow.

buaya, buwaya, ing.

a short-legged peli-

can, a Sokoto word;

B 163 muna da mur-

boiyeyahidden,boyiwahidmg, self,

intensive form of

strike.

sakwasa.

kota.

boto, grass covering to a wall

hide

buga to

bubukua,

stork.

bota, handle of knife.

for,

faskare^ fa.

and) became possessed.

borintunki,

much

ya buayeni he is stronger than I, na buayaka I am stronger than you, abiit ya buayeni it is too difficult for me, na buaya I could not do it cf

n.

overpower-

a

fast.

buda, the winter season, esp. the fog and wind in the winter season.

budari, bodari, bauderi, a small bad-smelling cat about the size of a weazel.

budi,

budi

made

opening.

n.

Ar.

(cf.

rt

to

iv,

^j.j

wisdom, cleverness.

excel),

bududugi, cf.

buki

42

budi

large species of frog;

hurdudugi.

durai

(cf. (V)

pi.

hu-

Ar. jjo, to be-

full

;

virgin child,

buduruchi, budurchi, buduruanchi, virginity. buga, to strike, to beat ambuga mata mundaye rings were ;

on

fastened

to

her.

bugi

before a n. obj. intens. form bubbuge.

buga buga to strike knock

repeatedly, buga kofa to

bitga,

to fire a

gun;

buga tambari to beat a royal drum ; cf. ya buga gaya he called for help,

tar a they

ambuga musu

were

fined,

buka,

carries his

own

see bojua.

bukoki, tent, tempo-

pi.

rary shed.

bukachi, to be in need

of any-

thing.

bukari* (Ar.

jULjj),

compass for drawing

1-

ii'on

circles

;

2. circle.

bukata, na,

1.

bukatochi, bukatu-

pi.

business, merchandise,

C

need, desire,

52 bai kula

domin bukata he cared not for merchandise 2. need, M. H. ;

228 allah shi babu bukatal gero God needs not to eat millet, abin bukatar rai the p.

at a door, buga bindiga or

simply

bujua, one who ;

I

kind of trousers.

(K.), a

load

grown), virgin from age of puberty C l^ yal budurua dunia the world is a

come

bujaji, a tuft of hair on front of a woman's head.

buje

budurua, budurwa,

skin {^birgami at

of

Kano).

buga

necessaries of

buke, helmet

life.

of chain

mail

buki, pride, luxury, power to do what you like da buki proud ; cf prov. wiyar buki rashin abin buki the difficulty of the feast arises from tlie ;

jangali to assess the cattle

.

tax.

buga, a small back entrance to a fox or rat hole.

bugaji, the slaves of theTuaregs (a race

bugu,

name T)

;

see buzu.

to be drunk, past part.

bugage.

bugu, bugo, a blow. buhu, a large sack (at Zaria)

wherewithal to provide the feast ; cf. M. H. p. 228 allah ne abin buki nasa. id.), marriage feast; abin buki anything good to eat, D 83 yin buki to make a feast.

rtiu

buki,biki (Fulah

!

buku buku

or bukui, folding the arms and hunching up the

bungo, cover

shoulders,

bungu* an idiot. bungula, to pour out. buniya, husk enclosing an ear

bula*

(cf.

JaC,

Ar.

(?)

be

to

white), a long white robe.

bulaka*, a hole or crevice

in

the ground, btilala (K.),

pi. hUldlai,

a whip,

usually made of hippopotamus skin.

bulbudi*,

crumbs

see

;

har-

bulbule, bulbula, to pour out

an ox with red body and

of corn.

raye, he-goat.

daji, a long stringy

grass from the root of which

buntu,

is

made. used

husks,

rice

bulma, the jump or

rise of a

writing boards.

bunu, pi. hunai, grass for thatch-

or frog.

bulo, to go round,

ing or for door-covers

bultu, name of a bird ; see hurtu.

prov.

bum, suddenly, lo buma*, a trap see hurma. bumbi, palm wine see ham.

out of thatch,

;

;

bumbu, back

child carried

times of famine;

cf.

hurhurwa.

intoxicating

palm wine buna*, eel (?). ;

bundi

eaten in

is

(S.),

cf.

drink,

i.e.

it

cannot

maihunu a gindi a kilt of grass.

black-striped cloth from

Ilorin.

is

over. 1.

a bee;

a kind of bat.

burburwa, bumburuwa (eraused

of

the splashing of water. see

cf.

as the pulling

bura, penis; cf. azakari. burbishi, brim, that which

2.

swan,

bunga bunga,

man with

is

burbura, birbiri,

ham.

bundum bundum,

be recalled, a

;

magana zarar hunu a

word spoken

bunu,

grass (eragrostis

tremula) which

biunini,

on the

bambino).

(cf. (?) It.

bumburua, a

in

schools for washing ink off

white face,

fish

etc.;

bunkasa, to be great or strong, may ana ta hunkasa the matter has become serious. bunsuru, pi. hunsurai, hunsu-

a scent

water. bull,

book

of a

see hango.

bunsurun

hadi.

I

burburwa

43

a procession; hanga hanga.

grostis tremula, gramineae),

a grass eaten in famine times and given to horses ; see

humhurua;

cf.

komaya.

;

burbushi, crumbs;

see huru-

burm.i, a calabash used as a

see

water vessel. buro, a dead man's eflfects (?). burtu, a species of ground horn-

gushe.

burdinuwa,

locust;

a

bardinuwa.

burdudugi or bubudigi, edible frog larger than kwado.

burdumi,

wrapping made

1.

grass,

natron,

burga, to churn see hurka. burga, to terrify, burga, stable see barga. burgami, a bag for carrying ;

;

cowries

see birgami.

;

;

kusu.

burgu, a coarse grass which grows in water and is eaten by horses, (S.),

ma biri,

burtuli (S.), burtoli, a hedged road used by cattle between farms,

burtumi

(S.),

a beehive;

burtumi, a castrated

twist thread.

burkuti, to grope about with the hand in the dark, in the

burma, burme,

a trap, a hole

ground used as a a sack

;

trap,

see burima.

to break into, of a well,

to fall in.

see

grows in the water. fragments, splinters, used of

by the sun

burum, to

;

burugushe,burbushi, crumbs,

burji, birji, a hillock,

burka, burga, to churn,

bull

buruda, coarse (thread). burugu, a kind of cane which

bricks broken up

a small stone,

buma,

see

furtwmi.

buruji, a lucky day.

or

cf.

you

cannot deceive a monkey; hunters put the skin of the burtu on their head when they stalk game.

burguma, a young goat. burima, burma, a large bag made of grass, used by women,

burma

;

i.e.

butuTYii.

burgo, bargo, marrow, burgo, covering see bei-go. burgu, a large rat, larger than

burguje

(bucorvus pyrrhops)

bill

ba ayi burtu

used for packing natron or salt ; 2. a heap of

of

busa

44

burbushi

cf

.

M. H. p. 42, or of splintered

wood. a vague unexplained

noise.

buruntu, loot, the sack of a to wn. burushi (K.), a tuft. burzu(vernonia perottetii, compositae), a weed which grows in cultivated fields with a thistle-like flower,

busa, of

pi.

bushe bushe, any kind

wind instrument.

!

ousa busa, to blow, to blow a trumpet

maibusa one who blows

;

A 78, raiia da maibusa ya busa kafo nasa on the day when the sounder a trumpet,

butulu, ungrateful;

like

the

blow away, ya

either

;

busheshe

to be

2.

part,

used

or

;

sists of

busashe

dry, bushe bushe is also some-

dried.

tree.

butuntuna,

bushia or bishiga, helmet,

buwa,

a small species of bird.

buwaya

abe?'

mod. Ar. ^j^\

suffi-

rin), e.g. rtietin

goma

buss

—

an exclamation = do not ;

buta, small earthenware bottle.

buta, to throw, besprinkle.

butulshi* or butulchi

E

bugaje, slaves of the ;

goat's skin with the hair on,

buzu na M. H. p.

buzu,

salla,

prayer mat.

120.

slave; it

is

specially ap-

plied to the offspring of a negro (cf.

Ar.

JJaj, falsehood, vanity), in;

pi.

cf. M. H. p. 224. buzu, busu*, a mat made of

see buzu.

busu*, an intransitive form of busa to blow (a pipe).

gratitude

honey and water; D 10 ska gia da bain da buza

Tuareks

speak more

mat

beer),

made with

buzS-re, bucking of a donkey, etc.

less 10.

J

leave off drinking intoxicating

buzu,

200

see buaya.

drinks.

Used

lit.

;

intoxicating drink salt,

enough, only, less {=ga-

to overcome, to for

<

head. (cf.

(S.),

much

buza, boza (Ar. Sj^,

covering for the

protective

burtuntuna,

blighted corn; seebirtuntuna.

be too

bushia, baushia, a hedgehog.

a cylinder of matting

or of plaited bushes placed in

a is

times used in the sense of

busTi, a

is

prov.

an un-

kiyashi he blew

the ants off him

as

person

grateful

cf.

chiki

to

dry, the past

190,

kaman

butulu

masa

1.

cient,

un-

butumi, burtumi, beehive. In Hausaland a beehive con-

bushe,

buss

is

blown upon,

241, busashe

dried.

bushe

who

ba shi tsira he

grateful shall not be saved.

stomach (which is always wanting more) see prec.

trumpet shall sound,

of the

F

buzurwa

45

5 maibutulshi

father and a Tuarek mother.

buzurwa, a long-haired of goat.

species

buzuzu buzuzu, a which

ch^ka,

night-flying insect

and

food

into

falls

to

chakankami,

chabe*, to speak unintelligibly. chabe, to be sharp.

feet

chabi, slush, mire

ments.

chakasabra,

dan

cf .

;

rattle.

with

prick

to

down

;

chali, a net used

a

.

for

Champi,

fear, panic; pache to be afraid of.

Chan, chana,

tsada,

q.v.

2.

man chadu Lake Chad. chafa, chS,fe, to take up, catch; chdjiya catching, taking up. chadu,

p.

12.

jima chan

at

that place there was a long, long delay. longer form,

A

to tear; see tsaga. (?)

of

eat,

to

chananka

sometimes used in written Hausa.

tsak% chicken.

chi.

H. Gr.

vious word aka

ship.

devour; see

thus yaron chan cf.

chan spoken on a higher note and with a pause after it is used to emphasize the pre-

kurdin chappa fees paid on establishment of a partner-

chainye, chinye, to

yonder, there;

1.

used as a demonstra-

suflSxes n,

also to go into partner-

corruption

;

that boy;

;

a

that

cham-

pronoun agreeing with preceding noun; a substantive preceding chan usually

ship,

chaiaki,

carry-

tive

chappa, homage yin chaffa to become a retainer

chaffa,

when

ing grass.

cf chdka.

small bird like a

chada*, dearness,

chage*,

bells for horses;

chS,ki, a rattle; yin chdki to

ba-

swallow.

of,

like

see chikasabra.

turen chacha.

a

orna-

as

a yam.

played with cowries or ground

spur, to press

women

by

chakara, an edible root

game

nuts, karen chacha dice,

chacha a gambler

made of worn on the

rings

brass or iron

apparently

the same as tabo. chacha, a gambling

ch^ch^ka,

spear),

with white breast.

sharpen, da chabi

;

(a

ch^ka, n. a throw, chakagi, a large wading bird

sharp.

chada,

throw

to

chdke to wound, to spear,

has a bad smell.

chaba,

chanchanga

46

is

chanchanga, a I

piece of

roasted on a stick.

meat

;;

chandi

(S.),

a disease of the

chanfa, to avoid, be afraid of ;

chanwa, green. chanwaka, a small

bird with

;

;

chari, pure, clean

;

charindu, a species charki, purity

see tsari.

of lizard.

see tsarki.

;

chasa, to thresh

gamji.

cf.

chefani, commission, errand.

(e.g. rice).

clare.

che, to say, to suppose ; mi anche (or akache) da shi what

name 1

pres. participle

chewa, q.v., shiiia chewa he

is

saying, da ka che is used as though it were equivalent to da kun sani had you known, cf.

Gr. p. 138,

che

is

1.

25; ya ka

also used idiomatically

man who cf.

regrets

Gr.

what he

p. 1.52,

1.

9.

form of the substantive verb ita che it is fern,

;

or she is; or, followed

by masc. = it

is,

e.g.

for

soup. cheffi, to

throw up and catch

chdfa.

chegi,

spite

don

;

chegi

for

spite.

chashe, to make known, de-

she,

.

chedia, a large tree with milk-

cf.

charki, pi. charkoki a black bird with a red beak.

;

cheche, bef pron.

;

chefanne*, the ingredients

see chaffa.

chara, crowing zakara ya yi chara the cock crew.

has done

chechi, to save, to discharge

like sap, a species of ficus

chanza, hazel nut, almond C?). chappa, to become a retainer

che, the

see

obj.

green feathers.

of a

swallow;

a

a prisoner

champi.

is its

chechewa, tsaitsewa.

under-lip.

cf.

chi

47

chandi

A 43

ita

che dalili this is the reason.

cherki, charki, i.e. Senegal magpie (cryptorhina afra). cheru (S.), chiru, dagger. cheta, chetas, to intercede for maichechi an interceder.

A 4 rana day on which be no salva-

cheto, deliverance

da ha there

cheto a shall

;

tion.

chewa,

saying,

1.

sometimes

abbreviated to cha, kowa cha

ya ke = kowa chewa 2. '

shi ke

;

that, used after the verb

to

say

'

in

written

but

not in colloquial Hausa, and

only when

it

is

desired to

lay special emphasis on the

statement 3.

because,

which cf.

also

follows

domin-

chewa. chi, frequently used as a suffix

.;:

chi

chiawa

48

in forming abstract substan-

used

tives,

work

or

office

thing,

also

e.g.

denote

to

of person or

dabamchi

ence, diyauchi

differ-

freedom, tu-

position

in

cf.

also

life,

similar

followed

use of suffix ji in

modern Arabic.

cf.

chi

no

wanda ya gudu who-

masa,

it

(i.e.

da dakansa

chi

it;

own

one's

by

make up it

chi, to eat, to devour, to de-

is

will the char-

ever catches a hare has to

kauyenchi cf.

ya

chi zom^o

run for to earn

brogue, country dialect;

there

if

how

coal be used^

mutumchi

ranchi that which belongs to a foreigner;

gavmye

chi

smelting

prep,

livdngr

ma

to

chim won't make up for ba shi

for

the other), chiwo to

capture and

bring back a

advantage

prisoner, chiwo gari to send

of or over, to gain jurisdiction

make a

an expedition against a place, and to bring back its inhabit-

on a business transmeet un-

chida, chishe to give to eat,

stroy, to gain the

over; chin riba to profit

action, chin kdro to

expectedly,

chin

sarota

to

gain possession of a kingdom, chin kura to cheat, chim baya backbiting, c^^m bashi to owe,

ants

m,achiy% a defendant

;

chishe

is

used

when followed

by a pronoun, e.g. na chisheshi I gave him to eat ; cf M. H. p. 202 sarautal allah ta chishemu; chldakaina sup-

chin wuta to catch fire, chin abduga to pick cotton, chin

port myself, chinye or chainye

gari to capture or to destroy

to

a place, chin kasua to trade

chiye

successfully in

F

the market,

169 masuchin zaka those

who stole the tithes used in gambling na chi (or chinta) I win cf M. H. p. 172 kadan na chika if I win as against you ; anachin kasua, or kasua ta chi the market is going on ; ku chi gaba go in front, abinchi anything to eat ; also ;

;

to use,

.

cf.

em, ba kira

mi ya

up; cf. prov. chiye ya fi chainyewa to eat

eat

little at a time is better than to eat up all at once, babu shi ne chia there is

a

cf. M. H. 205 chima feeding, victuals. chi* (Kanuri id.), mouth.

nothing to eat;

p.

chia, bad luck chiako, fowl ;

;

cf.

cf.

tsia.

tsako.

chiawa, chiyawa,

pi.

chiayi,

grass; chiawa dainyi green

;

;

chiawar chiawar tamba, a

species of

chibara, tsibara*, also chibira, chibra, chura to roll, to roll into the form of a ball used of rolling

mud

using

to

it

into balls

build

to

with.

chibaru,

to

to congeal

be rolled together, jinina ya chibaru ;

sabada dari my blood gealed with the cold.

chibda (Kanuri

id.),

is

con-

(S.),

chibia

or dadin

;

chika. ;

sewa, house swallow. chida, distant rolling thunder. chida, to give to eat ; see chi. chidacheto, to bribe, e.g. a judge.

chigia, search

(K.),

pi.

search for.

chi-goro* small

see kibia.

chibiri, chibari, tsibiri*, any-

thing round, an island, a

pill,

a small piece of anything, e.g. of sugar ; chibirin kasa a round piece of mud.

chibirikinkini,

yin chigia, or

;

chigita, to search

chibobi, navel.

chibia*, arrow

cf.

chichira, to tear up see chira. chichiya, tsaitsewa, tset-

bada chigia to make diligent

chibda a sweet smell.

chibi

chichika yirma ya hauka thou swellest with pride, thou fool

grass with black seeds.

prior

chlka

49

for.

kola eater), a

(lit.

brown bird

like a finch

with red feathers round base of beak, which are thought to resemble the stained

of a

man who

kola nuts. chiji, chije, to bite, chije baki to

chibirkin-

bite one's lips

:

ya yi haushi

kine, small reddish berries

har ya

chije

growing on a shrub found in sandy places. It is used by

his lips

with spite

Hausas

mouth

has been eating

N. Africa to deThese are unknown in Hausaland cf. M. H. p. 63. The word is in

note grapes.

;

bakinsa he bit

machiji snake,

lit.

;

cf. chizo.

the biter.

chlka, to fill, to be filled, to be complete, in moral sense to be perfect ; ya chika it is full,

or

it is

completed, chika,

a corruption of chibiri kan-

cf.

kani

da to catch up, ku chika hurry on and catch up, abin nan ya chika

little

balls.

chichero, a speckled black and white horse; adj. speckled, chichifi, flea; cf. koma. chichika, pride, F 32 kana R. H. D.

chika alkawcdi to

fulfil

a

promise, chika

mani

chiki this exhausts

patience,

my

ya chika mutum 4

it

chikalkora is

50

to a man's credit, chika ho

mara even or odd

gambling game), maifada da chikawa a terrific fighter,

(a

cMkawa

completion,

filling,

chlkakia^

pi.

part,

chlkake,

chinchinta

may

chikinsa side

it

or

'

'

chikirikida,

either be

in-

*

its inside.'

a

fowl plucked

for cooking.

52 ku7ia

chiko, complement, kawo chikonsu fill them up also change of money.

kuna azwmi

chikowa, chichikowa, aflood.

chlkaku,

filled,

:

full,

complete,

salla

chikaka

D

chlkaka say your prayers in full,

the

fulfil

fast

hiyidiga to load a

gun

chika

;

;

achike

(q.v.) full; cf. chiko, chichika.

chikalkora, the pulley of the loom on which the peddles work, usually

made

of

the

hard shell of the dum palm. chikanta*, chikanche*, to

chikasora, the placed on horses'

small bells

a small present,

sip or a whiff of

1.

a breadth between of cloth

embroidered

strips

;

2.

on

phocerus)

chim, a

:

it

little,

chiki, the inside, the belly; da chiki pregnant, rufa chiki to

at full length, face down-

wards, ya-chiki a short shirt,

of

probably

is

rana

e.g.

chima, chimaka, tuals

;

an expression used

brothers or sisters, chil-

food,

chim-baya,

lit.

to slander, to

cf.

and haya.

chimi*

(cf.

Ar. J^, to

skill,

D

49 babu chimi ha dahara

no

skill

nor

craft.

chimma, chimayi,

to go with,

to accompany, overtake.

chinaka, chimaka, very small, black, stinging ants.

tenderness.

chinchinta, worthiness,

chikin or dS,ga chikin, within, chikin gida at home.

put

contrivance,

chinchia*, a broom

;

vic-

backbite,

to

whisper;

dren of the same mother, also used to denote kindness,

into

ta

see chi.

right),

chiki daia

a

mai-

the tur-

bans.

lie

:

derived from prec.

chi

two seams

e.g.

chili or masha chili a cadger. chilikowa, a species of hornbill which eats locusts (Lo-

heads, rattling of a bridle.

chiki,

a pipe

fita chim, sunrise.

make pregnant. chikasabra,

chili,

;

see tsin-

tsiya.

chinchinta en yi haka I

ban

am

not worthy to do this; yin

;

chinewa chinchinta or chenchenta to

chinewa,

to spread false

news

chingar^^ reading

words

skip

to

in

to eat like ants),

(lit.

leaving spaces here and

A

there untouched,

73 kada

ka ratsa chikinta kai mata chingara do not pass over its

contents, or miss a

in saying it (the

word

Koran).

leg;

thigh,

he

35

chinioyi,

pi.

cf.

Gr.

138,

p.

ya gudano masuchinya from a bare-legged

;

fled

The Fulahs did not

people.

wear trousers

Fr.

cf.

:

'

sans

;

over

anything

;

the

chinye chinye, gluttony

way

of

the

cf,

chira,

c.

hanu

to raise the

hand

tuta hisa to hoist a flag.

chira,

chire,

from

fruits

by the

pluck,

to

trees, to pull

root, to lift

up

;

;

see tsin-

out chi-

see tsira.

;

chira, to be saved

;

see tslra.

chirara, nakedness; see tsirara. tsi-

raro.

chirawa,

step,

yin chirawa to

stride.

chiri, flight, yin chiri to

flee.

chiriri, a gum-bearing tree or

a

bow-string;

see

tsarkia.

chimaka, chiroma,

ants title

of a king,

to

;

see chinaka.

given to a son

sometimes applied

the heir to the throne.

rowed

is

from

probably borthe

Bornuese

language, in which the syl-

kaia.

chinkai, tin (Ar.

e.g.

chira to tear up.

chira, to arise

The word

madaji.

chinkaia, to look at

see

;

chi.

shrub.

maichinika a trader.

;

p.

his lot, or fortune. ;

chirkia,

price

chinkai*, edge of a mat bordered with cotton or fibre thread

i.e.

= my

lots

232 chin-

chintua, a find see tsintua. chinye, chainye, to eat up,

of

kin dunia the ;

tansa,

chinikin gida an

hereditary profession, chini-

world

casting

M. H.

cf.

;

chiraro, deliverance; see

culottes.'

chini-da-zugu, a shrub used as a hedge see hini da zugu. chiniki (cf. Fulah yaunoki), trade, business, barter ; yin chiniki to do business, to haggle

win

c.

chingi, to eat much, to devour.

chinia, chinya,

1.

small

(Ispidina).

chinta, in

kormoto.

i.e.

chinoya (weight lifter), a

blue kingfisher with red beak

love.

=:

chiroma

51

.*U>).

lable

ma when

used as a

4—2

.;

chiru suffix

corresponds to the same

syllable in

prefix

;

cf

.

Hausa used

as a

galadlma.

chiru, a dagger

;

chisga, chizga, to gnaw. chishe, chisa-da, chiyarda, ;

was

red pepper

;

cf

na kwanta chiwo

laid

up

chiwon kai

sick,

chiwo m^a sahon

dawa a fever which breaks out when the guinea-corn {dawa)

is

to prevent

ripe;

by

attacked

Hausas give presents

it,

of

the

dawa

to the poor.

chitafo.

chita, the day following gata,

chiwo,

which = the day after the day

back

after to-morrow, i.e. the fourth

day.

to capture

and bring

see chi.

;

chiwuki, a noise made by the mud-fish (gaiwa).

chitafo, a corruption of chitan afo ( Afo, the

name of a pagan

district), ginger.

chiutu, to become

ill;

B

143

kowa shiga chiki nata ya chiutu whoever enters it becomes diseased.

chiza,

a small animal about

the size of a

chizaki

(lit.

a

tall

florida,

woody

climber with white fragrant

and orange-coloured edible fruit; see dankon chiwo. chiwo, sickness, illness, jin flowers

chiwo or yin chiwo to be ill, da chiwo ill, or to be ill ; it is not considered polite to use the word chiwo of a friend or

person of importance.

Thus

cat.

lion-killer), a tree

with long thorns, white flowers

and edible

(Landolphia

apocynaceae),

sickness.

chiwuta, see chiuta. chiyawa, grass see chidwa. chiyS,ya, food in common.

chizal,

see cheiva.

chiwo

chiwurwuta,

;

chiuta, n. sickness, disease, evil chiutan birni = syphilis.

chiwa,

chiwon sainyi,

lajia.

headache,

being

see chi.

small

hashi da I

mouth

see chizal.

to feed

a Hausa would say abokina gonorrhoea,

see cheru.

;

chisal, a disease in the

chita,

chocha

62

leaves.

a disease of

chisal,

gums or lips, a disease the mouth in cattle. the

of

chizara, a disease of the eyes. chizga, chisga, to gnaw. chizo,

n.

a bite

;

yin chizo to

bite.

chizo, chiza, with pron. obj. chije,

chichije,

frequentative

form

to bite.

chocha, worm, D 27 shina hirkima kamanda chocha he rolls

;

chokali like a

:

da

53

worm, another form

of

chusa, chushe,

chokali,

wooden

a

tsokali,

spoon.

choro, another form of tsoro, q.v. ; the Fulahs who speak

Hausa

say choro

generally

instead of tsoro.

chuche,

chuchi,

to

injure,

deceive, chucheni inchucheka

= deceive me I will deceive you. chuda, chude, to mix milk with anything, to mix together, to rub, scrape

;

to

;

ing.

chudanya,

rub

to

smooth,

polish.

to rule over.

chukumara, chuku,

cheese.

chukurufa, a bag used

for

carrying salt (probably bor-

rowed

from

Tuareg

the

language).

chukwichuki, rags. chuna, 1. to invite another share one's food stigate,

chuna*, M. H.

;

urge on. pi. p.

;

anything, to

see tsuma.

roll into

walk proudly. d.

There are two distinct d sounds in Hausa. In most words d is pronounced as in English (with inspiration of breath), but in many cases the d is sounded with the expiration of the breath and the pronunciation its in tongue touches the edge of the upper teeth, a sort of dt

sound being produced somewhat similar to a French or German t cf da son, daia one,

etc.

this

of

chihara. flour,

This

Where

dictionary

tinguished as

a ball

churi, a handful of mud, etc., squeezed out.

.

etc.

generally written scribes.

chunoni*, gusset,

206

horses' mouths. chuta, sickness ; see chiuta. chuta, to cause distress to. chuya*, to be obstinate ; cf. D 52 kada ku chuya kuna takama be not stubborn nor

;

to

to in-

2.

chura, to take a handful cf.

down,

chushe, pi. chusoshi, 1. a large amount collected together, e.g. men, grain, etc.; 2. a medicine which is poured into

chuda

mix mud for building purposes chudawa mix-

yimhu

chude,

to press

squeeze together.

tsiitsa.

da, and,

if,

d

is

^ by Hausa it it

occurs in is

dis-

d.

da... da both... and.

da, with, used to denote the instrument; ya yenki da wuka he cut with a knife used with verbs of coming

; ;;

da and going

to express the act

ya tafi da shi he took it away, ya zo da shi he brought it here. ya che da shi he spoke with It is combined (or to) him. with substantives to form adjectives, e.g. da rai alive, da anfani useful when preceded by tore = together with; da safe in the morning, da wuri early, da rua in the rain, da-yawa much, dadadi of taking or bringing,

;

sweetly, dakarifi powerfully.

da sometimes denotes from, of. allah ya tsare gatari da

noma

da

54

fatainya God keep the axe from farm work, only cf. ena the hoe is needed shi ne da wanan where is he with reference to this 1 sai

;

da, when,

is

used in the same

way as saanda or yanda. da or -nda is used like wanda or wadanda; A 31 Tnata da ke tafia a woman who goes, In an

= dan), pi. son dan Mohammed, dan

(connective form

yaya or

ya,

amina

uwana

(lit.

mother)

is

1.

child

da when followed by the of a place means a native of that place, e.g. dan 2.

zozo a native of Zozo

of old, in olden time.

3.

it

man, danmakaranta a scholar, dan yaki a soldier, dan gari a.

citizen

;

4.

diminutive of

it

forms the

many

nouns,

dan gatari a small hatchet 5. it denotes the young of animals, e.g. dan tumkia lamb, dan zaki a young lion, yan itache fruit 6. free as e.g.

;

;

opposed to a slave ha hawa I slave, cf.

am

;

ni da ne

free,

not a

diya; dan alaro a

dan garumfa one his own load dan rua a little stream, dan carrier,

carries

yan

dayawa there are many. or daa or lokachin da,

;

used to suggest character or occupation, e.g. dan daki a serva,nt,»dan kasua a salesis

rua kankani a

da

my

name

yunwa they are hungry, da may be either a prep, or verb; ina da shi or simply da shi is, there are, ina da su

of

used for brother

expression such as suna da

there

;

or as a term of endearment

who

abinda that which. da, to have, to possess.

da

little

water,

dan kasa foot soldier, dan sanda a policeman, dan banza worthda sometimes = mai less, cf. tuji dan baban sheka O chiki entrails,

bustard with big nest.

da

to beget.

yi7i

!

da

dabori

55

da, used in comparisons,

e.g.

ya Jismia dakai he likes me more than you, ba ya sonka da riga he does not like you well enough to give you a coat, gwoma yau dajia better to-day than yesterday. da, if; da na yi wonan gara en mutu rather than I do this it would be better to die, da na sani da ban yi shi ba had I known I would not have done it, da ya zo nanjia da na tashi gobe had he come yesterday I should have gone to-morrow cf M. H. p. 168 cZa mu7i sani da ya kirayemu da niun tafii had ;

.

we known when he called us we would have gone cf. seq. da is used to express unfulfilled ;

da zani

intention, e.g.

I

intended

to

go,

cf.

dab

da,

touching;

d^ba, dabo,

cf.

close

dabam, daban, dabam dabam, different, apart from ;

yin dabam to differentiate; cf. bam bam. dabamchi, dabanchi,

differ-

ence.

yin

dS,bar,

ddbar

blow

to

trumpets. dS,bara, alongside

see daura.

;

dabara, dubara, dibara (Ar. djlj^),

contrivance,

skill,

coun-

good sense ; dabara ta kare I am at my wits' end sake dabara walk warily; yin dabara to advise; damra dabara sel,

;

to plot together. dS,be,

debe, to stamp down,

e.g.

to beat a floor, so as to

form a sort

of

concrete by

beating in pebbles, ddbe ddbe

Gr.

stamping down. dabebeyi, dabaibayi, a rope

;

daf da,

applied to horses,

;

tafia

da na sani da ba ni jefata da gang an had I known I would not have thrown her down on purpose; M. H. p. 184. daa (Ar.), obedience; ba shi da daa he is disobedient. pp. 34, 56

creature

cattle, etc.

to,

dabara.

to hobble the front feet of a horse.

dabgi, a species of ant-eater; see dapgi. dSibi, pi.

dabia*

dabuna, an open shed. (Ar.),

character

;

see

tsabia.

dabino (Fulah

id.),

date;

ifa-

dabmia, dabobi

chen dabino or dabino date

(probably from Ar. AjI>, an animal that crawls or moves slowly), Fulah id.; beast.

dabori, daboli, daburi, palate,

pi.

tree.

lips, e.g.

of cows.

;

dabra dabra

da, close to

;

see ddhara.

sleight of

'

;

cf.

tsuhu.

dachi, bitterness see doachi. dada, to sharpen a knife, sword, etc. by rubbing a stone on ;

on doing anything, to augment, to surpass, to exceed C 49 muna ddda godia we continue giving thanks, ddda

mani kurdi give me more money, wanan ya dedi wonchan this is better than that, allah shi dedi da rainka may

God pYo\ongyour\iie,dddawa, lasting, dddua in-

dddewa crease,

growth

of a plant.

dS,da(S.), again, used in historical narrative for

later on,

dadaka,

form

of

dadS.ra, to pay attention

to,

intensive

ddka, q.v. to take heed,

dadara,

rub the back of a backwards and for-

to

knife

wards.

steel.

dS.da, dedi, to increase, to go

by and

so then;

by,

also for

daddowa, daddawa, also cakes made from beans of dorowa tree. dade, dede, to wait, linger ddde muna tsofa wait till we grow old, 7}iu zamna nan ya dede we stopped here a long time kaka dedewanka ka zaka kare how long will it be before you finish 1 mun ddde we have waited dadin ;

;

gushi

dadun

or

gushi

dadafa, used

in

daidai correct,

dS,dewa, lasting dadi,

;

see ddda.

dadaidai, sweetness,

pi.

A

cf. 12 zaka sha dadi nata thou shalt

dadaga,

time.

Sokoto

for

powder;

see dadaka.

dadai, ever, or used with negative verb, never until now dadai ban gani ha I never possibly connected saw it ;

with daia one. dadaidai, a plural form of dadi cf. B 49 muji dadaidai ;

fee] glad.

taste of its sweetness,

dadin

zuchia happiness, jin dadi

etc.

to grind to

a

hurried pace.

happiness, comfort;

dai.

dadade, from a long

we

d3,dua

56

dabu, dabo, sorcery, hand,' M. H. p. 222

the

;

happy,

to feel please,

sa

dadi

to

maidadi pleasant, da

dadi sweet,

nice, agreeable.

dadi, sharpening sharpen

;

;

yin dadi to

ddda.

cf.

dadoia*, a plant resembling mint cf. daidoiya. ;

dadowa, dorowa

cakes

made from the

tree

see dodowa.

;

dS.dua, increase

;

see ddda.

;

dadume to seize in the arms.

daf, up

used of climbing, ya

;

hawa itache daf. daf da, or daf daf,

close to

dafa, to support oneself with the palm

hand

the

of

in

raising oneself up.

d&fa, d^fe (Ar.

^b),

to cook,

maddfa, ivurin ddfa, wurin dd/ua a place for cookmaiddfi a cook, ddfdfe

cooked, ddfdfe da rua boiled.

blue;

from

possibly

ddfa to cook, i.e. prepared in a dye pit see ddfua. dafara (vitis sp.), a woody ;

making medi-

climber, used in

from the root-bark

cines;

obtained

which cement

a

making

in

root

its

is

solution

viscid

used

is :

also

is

beaten up with a pestle and

put in milk to keep

and

war.

it

good,

also to thicken it

and

an

made dS,ga,

armlet

of leather

or

wristlet

and wood.

from, from within, out

daga enna whence, daga enna ka fito whence did you come? daga chan thence, there, yonder, dd^a nan here, from here, ddga chiki in, from within, ddga garesu from them, ddga nesa from afar; often used to introduce a statement, ddga nan of,

boil,

dSfafi,

daga, battle-field, line of battle ja daga to form line of battle kayan daga instruments of dS.ga,

ddbara.

ing,

dagumi

57

dadume,

of.

;:

at;

well then. dS>ga,

to

hold

up

at

arm's

length, to raise up.

dagachi, pi. dagatai, a village headman. dSigagaji, to be ver}^ tired. dagangan, on purpose see ;

gangan. dS,ge, a small animal.

increase its bulk for cheating

dagi, a claw, paw.

purposes.

dagi, a kind of straight pick,

dafari, at

times d§,fail,

;

first,

before,

and fari.

cf nafari .

cooked

informer

flesh

ready for

selling.

dS,fe, to stick to, to cleave to.

daferko, at dS.fi,

poison

;

cf. ;

dS,fua, dark blue

deji.

see ddfa. ;

cf

the collar.

dagumi, a collar made of cloth used in war or hunting as a

first.

dS-fua, cooking

a crowbar.

dagogo (Kats.), weak. dagu (K.), meat. dagume, to seize a person by

.

ddfdfi.

protection for the back of the neck, a dog collar.

;;

dagura

daguyau

net

da-

dahir, of necessity

sition,

cf.

dakir.

hardai^

of

daidaiche, to be similar to; cf A 9 suka daidaiche chikifi .

alkafirai they are alike

daidaita, to make things equal

make

daia daia one

at a time, one here one there,

daianku one of you, daiana me alone, daiansu they alone, or, one of them, ku berni ni daiana leave me alone, bershi daiansa leave him alone daia is often used as an indefinite article, wuri daia together, ko daia (in negative

sentence) not even one, duka

daia ne they are

all

alike,

wanan daia kaman wonchan this is the

same as

daiawa, much

that.

see dayawa.

;

daibo, to take out see debo. daidai, a contracted form of daia daia one at a time. ;

dede, suitable

alike, ;

like, to

direct aright, to be equal.

daia, thrust, blow. ;

among

the heathen.

or parallel, to

dadai.

daia, daya, one

aikinsa pay

d.

door. ;

saidai,

e.g.

lada

bakin kqfa a piece of wood the same size as the

d.

used-

old,

dai (frequently pronounced de, i.e. like the Eng. day), again, indeed ; usually found in compounds,

sometimes used as a prepoequivalent to his work, itache

(K.), hyena.

dagwolo, dagalo, up indigo.

just,

dainye

58

dagura, nerves, veins, gura emaciated. daguya, to eat.

daidai,

.

correct,

ya yi daidai

it is correct (an expression

used in counting money), na tsaya daidai I stand upright

daideya, a harmless centipede - kadanduida. daidoiya (or dan doiya), a fragrant herb, ocimum Americanum. daii or dayi, a small ])rickly

herb with bitter taste eaten

by camels (=Ar. daiki, room

daimu*,

;

jtj-«).

see daki.

D

for ever,

davmma and

17; cf

du7na.

daina, dena, to cease, to desist from.

dainya (Spondias

lutea,

Ana-

cardiaceae), a tree with yellow

plum-like fruit, very

common

in the northern provinces.

dainye, dainyi,

pi.

dainyoyi^

dainyu, fresh, green, unripe,

raw

dainyen itache leaves, dainye uncooked flesh, dainyan kasko an unbaked pot. dainyan chiawa a harm;

nama

;

.

daje

dS,kwora

59 green snake = damatsiri,

less

Ar. ^ji).

q.v. (cf. (?)

hem

daje, to

make a

round,

border round, fem.

d^je,

like a room,

is

F

madaki

dakin dufu prison; another form daka is used as a subs, also 227,

as a verbal form, e.g.

dajia,

dazodi,

pi.

a smart fellow. daji, thick bush, uncultivated

forest land

world

chamberlain,

(cf.

jeji scrub, or

farm bush). dS.ka (Ar. id.), to beat, pound, thresh or grind corn.

d^ka, sometimes used in Kano for ddga from. daka, see daki. dakachi, n. waiting ; cf dakata.

daka he

is

yana

in the house.

dakile (Ar. ^^), to prevent, to refuse, to forbid, to sulk,

B

refuse to answer;

130 ka

amsa ha dost thou silently refuse and givest no answer? ido ya deda dakilewa his eye was becoming more and more dakile shiru ba ka

blind.

.

dakali a

(cf.

mud

Ar. ixd:>^, thin clay),

bed built in a house,

dakir, with difficulty; see daket.

dako,

n.

a seat outside a house. dakara, dakare, pi. dakaru,

dakokoi

a foot soldier belonging to a

cowries

king's body-guard, also, gene-

(?)

man on

a

Tally,

foot

;

cf

dogari.

dakata or dakanta, to wait for na dakata maku I waited ;

for

you

daket

;

cf.

(S.),

dakachi.

dakir

might and

difficulty,

with

main

na gudu

;

cf.

with

dakir.

dakuna, a room in a house (gida), but often used for the house itself,

daki, daiki,

especially

pi.

if

but one room

consists

it ;

A

nan kamal daki

1

3

of

dunia

ta ke this

yin ddko to

;

(? f r.

da

akoi),

ance of anything,

i.e.

= da

;

there

is

abund-

e.g. food,

or

shi or akoishi,

plenty.

dakolua, dakolwa, dokolua, a hen which is laying eggs the word is also applied to a woman.

daku

(K.),

waiting

wait.

(S.),

an army.

dakua, a gesture see amhola. dakua, a kind of sweetmeat made from the fruit of ay a, ;

q.v.

dakulum, always dakusa, bluntness

;

;

kulum. yin dakusa

cf.

to be blunt.

dakushe,

to be blunt.

dakwora, dakwara,

the

name

;

dala of

damasara

60 a species of acacia tree

from which a gum

is

obtained.

made

dala, a yellow clay

into

a dye for women's faces. dala, the

name

of a rocky hill

Kano.

inside

d^la, della, a word for dogs

used in poetry cf. Gr. p. 136. dalailu* a little book of prayers. ;

name

dalaje, the

dalashe,

of a dance.

dallashe,

dalishi,

dama, dama, dama,

daldishi, to be blunt.

daldal, pulse.

dale* — yin

dale, to settle at.

M. H.

dalele, spittle,

;

the facts

of the case, the truth of the cf. mekia ha ki saukan hanza sai maidalili O eagle you do not settle on the ground without a reason F 19 dalili ko akan maitam-

matter;

hayawa this is the reason, if anyone asks. dalma, delma, derma, n. lead. dalulu or danlulu, a small bottle

dama

;

cf

(in

covery,

.

lulu.

Kanuri dama = etc.),

opportunity feel

better,

health,

;

right-hand, right. to confuse

see dame.

;

to mix, stir as mortar.

damachiri, damatsiri, a small

p. 2.

dallli (Ar. JJ^), cause, origin, proof, sign, reason

ya samu damu ha he had not the opportunity, ha ni da dama I have not time to, I do not wish to, dama han yi haka ha would I had not done this; cf. gari ha da girima amma shina da dama the town was not big but was of moderate size, samun dama the ability to do what one likes.

snake.

damafif ito, a wasp. damagi, a medicinal herb. damai, confusedly; B 142 ka kafia damai m,aiafkawa thou slippest confusedly and arti about to

fall.

dam.am.ia, what

mixed

is

up|

together, mortar; see ddm,a.'

damana, damuna,

the wet which lasts about three months yin damana to pass the wet season.

season

;

re-

dam.ankada, a small plant used

improvement,

as a medicine for guinea worm.: dam.ara, girdle; yin damara

jin to

da dama a

dama

to

improve in little

more,

da dama dama moderately, sai na ga dama unless I wish, ya yi dama it were better, ha

to gird oneself

;

cf.

dam.arichiki, girdle

;

damre. cf

.

damn

and cMki.

damasa*,

confusion,

D

9.

dam.asara, maize; see masara:

;

damatsiri see

;

dama-

chiri.

tsamba,

or

q.v., float-

ing grass.

dambara,

to put blue stain

on

the face, also to paint any-

An

thing.

damra

61

damatsiri, snake

damba

; ;

form dan-

intens.

damfare, to press see dan/are. damichi, damshi, damtse, pi. damasa (Fulah damche)^ the lower part of the arm ;

from the wrist to the elbow, the right arm F 242 shina damshi muhammad he shall be at the right hand of ;

dambara also occurs. dambaria, mouse ((?) child of the hole cf haria). Another form is damhera cf hera.

damisa, pi. damtsai^ m. leopard damisan dawaki horse fly.

dambe,

damka, dainke,

;

.

.

\

box

;

to give a blow, to

1.

a blow

2.

;

dan dambe

dambu*, a

dish

made

(flour) boiled in

of gari

stagger;

karia tells

lie

it

him.

dame

tease,

worry;

will

also cf.

whoever confound

means

tonished.

dunko.

dampara,

to

ba na da-

;

see

to

stain the face

damra,

goose;

p. 197.

dam.o, lizard

damu. daub, dambara. daure, or

plaster, cf.

;

damre,

tie, gird,

;

;

M. H.

kowa yayi

mua I am not to be annoyed ya chika dama m,utane he worried people beyond enya damesu it asdurance tonished them ; dartiu to be dam/aa astonishperplexed ment, jin damua to be as;

cf.

darmi*

dameshi

td

a

prov.

cf.

also

:

with the

handful.

annoy,

perplex,

cf.

damka,

grip

dammuna* for dumia,

a calabash.

d&me, dSmi, demi, pi. ddmuna, bundle, bunch, sheaf cf. M. H. p. 204 hachi dami dari uku 300 bundles of corn. dame, dama, to confuse, make to

or

clasp

hand;

dlambiri, a small monkey.

to hold in the

hand, take a handful to

a boxer.

giddy,

Mohammed.

D

13,

to

bind,

put under a spell;

F

233 adamra siliyu dam^a hauni chains shall be bound on their right and left hands damrare, pi. damraru, bound, girded damrefuska to frown. akadamre bound, has a pi. ;

akadamarmare

;

cf

.

D

13

akandarmishi baibai he shall be bound with his hands behind him, damre mag ana to concoct a story, to bear false witness,

ya daure muni ma-

;

damrengana

brought

he

a

false

accusation against me, dam-

raren

magana

(or

daukekian

magana) ya Ji daia da mashi chiwo a libel hurts more than a spear thrust.

from similarity in shape to handle of a bucket an oblong roof = hakan gizo. maidaurin jiki the accoutred man, maidaurin aniya he who has made up his mind. derived

damshi, arm see damichi. damshi, danshi or denshi, ;

moisture.

damtse, arm

see damichi.

;

damu, to be confused see dame. damn, damo, a lizard (monitor, ;

varanus exanthematicus). damua, astonishment see da;

me.

damuna,

sheaves; of

;

dame.

cf.

see da.

d§.na, to pull, to lay an arrow to a

bow

;

see dene.

danbe, to box see dambe. dan-bida, a pin for pressing ;

out cotton seeds

danbubu,

dandaka

or

dendaki, an

in-

tensive form of ddka to strike;

D 15 azaba anadandakasa kor man

kilago his pain is as though he were a skin that is beaten to pound or break ;

damren-or dauren-guga, ceiling, arched roof, the name is

dan, son

dangana

62

;

cf

.

bida.

calf of the leg.

danda, a horse with white forehead and white forelegs mutum, ya yi danda the man be;

comes white, i.e. with disease. danda 8ak% a roan horse.

up again to castrate. dandali (Kanuri id.), ;

court,

yard, or entrance-room of a

house, esp. of a king's house.

dandambara, dambara. dandS,na, n.

to

stain

see

;

taste.

dandS,na, dandS,ni, to taste, test, examine madanddni ;

taster.

dandana, a plant used medicine by women.

as a

dan-doiya, a sweet smelling plant with a red flower. d^ne, to press down.

danf^imi, fence, hedge. danfara, danfare, to

press

down, press together, squeeze, collect people in one place. danfarka, child of a harlot. danga, pi. dangogi (Kanuri id.), a fence round a garden, a garden.

danga, relation see dengi. dang^ba, breast-band for horses ;

made of dangana,

cloth or wool. 1.

to lean upon, to

recline, 2. to rely on, 3. to

patient, 4. to tack fasten.

on

to,

be to

•

danuba

'63

dangana

dangana, patience, trust,pledge. dangana, children whose pa-

common

sweet potato, very

trusted to a stranger to bring

whole of Hausaland and in some districts it forms the only available food; its shape resembles

up.

that of a thick parsnip, in

rents having died soon after their

birth

dangarafai

have

(S.),

been

wooden

en-

clogs.

dangarama, threshold or raised ridge in front of a door

;

cf.

yarama.

throughout

the

taste it is sweeter

parsnip or tion

yam

and use

;

than either for descrip-

of cf. 'Hausa-

land,' p. 155.

dangari, citizen. dangi, a shield

dankam*, made

with

B

for ever;

dai anazama dunia

73 da-

dankam

will the world indeed last for

buffalo hide.

dangira, head of the

ramma

ever?

plant, said to cause irritation

dankam,

pond, pool.

when handled.

dankara,

to press, to compress,

dangole, dungole,

drag.

spot.

dan-gununfa (lit. son of a hat), a carrier who carries a load belonging to himself as con-

with

trasted

dan- alar

a

hired carrier.

dangwale, a hobbling rope. dangware, a lucky person = dani,

bite, e.g. of

the

the

ding presents are spread out.

danki, a handful

a scorpion.

the span measured by

thumb and first comb of a duck.

finger,

dan-jigawa, a species of guinea-

;

cf.

;

from the

oil

shea-butter tree.

dankosa, dankoshe, with the

.

;

a loan.

dankadafi, louse. dankSli (convolvulus batatas),

to strike

fist.

dan-magurji, snake

;

see rrm-

gurji.

dan-raguwa, a red

corn.

danka, cf damka ya danka mini ranche he handed me

damka.

danko, dunko, gutta-percha; dankon chiwo vine rubber; dankon zutnua beeswax dankon kedainya

maiarziki.

dani,

dan-katanga, a kind of cloth. danki*, a table on which wed-

species of plover

danshi, moisture

danuba, the

;

?)

;

bird

(a

see rdgo.

see danishi.

strips of skin at

the root of the nail, so called

because the plucking of the

;

danye skin from the nail causes pain

would the forcible separation of son and father. danye, fresh see dainye. as

;

danzumu,

the son of a friend

or relation

see

;

zumu.

;

species of ant-eater.

dara, to laugh, to ridicule ; ina jin tsoro kada sudarani I fear cf.

dS.ra

they should laugh at

me

daria. (S.),

to excel, exceed.

d^ra, dera, a game played with cowrie shells, which are placed in

little

darap, above see daf. darara, used in phrase dariar darara to laugh at laughter. darazau, a woman's apron. dare, to crack or open up, used ;

of a wall.

dao, porridge see dawo. dapgi, dabgi, or daugi, a

lest

dami

64

holes in the

ground, or are arranged on a

board marked with squares. It is considered a disreputable game, though not so closely connected with gambling as chacha ; F 1 1 E 1 6 A;te. 6er na dara da tsalumshi musulmi

i

dargaza, the name of a tree, from its branches walkingsticks are made. dari, a hundred.

dari

(cf.

Ar.

(?)

from

deceit,

daraja,

O

and Mussulmans.

darajia (Ar.

i».ji),

glory, honour, gorgeous dress

A

4:7 ya ba iyaye daraja he showed honour to his parents, also value, worth, enda akasan darajar goro where kolas

are estimated at their proper

to rain

;

I feel cold. d3,ri, deri,

Korrigan or Senegal

hartebeest (damaliscus Senegal ensis)

;

for list of antelopes

found in Hausaland, cf under .

barewa.

daria, dariya to

treat

(cf.

with

laughter, smile

(?)

Ar.

tji,

contempt),

,

cease from playing dara

^li,

ya yi dari it is cold, dari ya kamani I have caught cold, na ji dari copiously), cold

;

yin daria to

laugh, ba (or bada) daria to

cause laughter ; ya bashi daria

he turned him into

ridicule.

official

at Kano,

dariwoye, darwS,ya,

to rinse

dS-rimi, a court

Bauchi,

etc.

with water, to clean. darje, derje, to rub smooth, level.

darmi,

to bind

;

see damre.

value.

dararabua, an arm-wrap made of grass

;

see diru7nhua.

dami

(cf.

(?)

Ar. ,>jji, dry

branches), fence, post.

I

daro, dSlru, a metal basin, yin darshi to

darsa, to leak, drop,

daso, a drop; clason a drop of blood; cf.

darso, jiiii,

M. H. p. 76. darwaya, n. rinsing

plant out, dcLshe the planting out of com.

ddsashe a

cutting, dashin yar-rani vaccination.

dasashe, to be blunt;

cf.

dor-

lashe.

dasashi (K. ), dasori (S. ), gums; mauiasashi a person

who has

tree,

the bristles of

which are used for rubbing the teeth with ; the tree has a milky sap. dask^ura (of milk), to curdle, dask^re, to cause to curdle,

gums

dasori,

dasusu, a

;

see dasashi.

hoi*se disease

causes the hair to fall

which off.

datana, gall, gall bladder, datijo, a person of importance; see dotijo.

datsa, a disease of the mouth, datsa, to cut in pieces ; see datse,

to

means

q.v.

dauda

^b,

to be mag-

goty), dirt, filth,

da dauda

(cl Ar.

yin dauda to make daxidan kune the wax

dirty

;

in the ear.

daudanbayi, of a grass,

and

spikes

daudau, a

hold up

water by

of a breakwater.

R. H. D.

tops or bristles

which have short ai*e

very adhesive.

found near water and used in thatching. daudawa, a kind of pepper, gi*ass

M.' H. p. 123. daudu, dauda (Nupe

in

;

id.),

a

respect given to a

of

title

Kano

it is

given to

the heir to the throne;

in

Zaria to the galadima.

daugi or dubgi, ant-eater

;

see

dapgi.

dauka, doka, dauki, dauke, often contracted to dau or do, to take, take up, take hold of, take away, receive, dauka

rua

to

draw water; dauki

6flwAi to collect

a debt; dauki

lu7n/ashi to hold the breath;

dauki aikauxdi to make a promise; akadauke rua the stopped

rain

magana

decha.

making

mortar. dau, a contracted form of dauka^

ruler

teeth.

dashi, a

datsi, a grass used in

dirty,

out.

darza, to twist thread, dasa*, a bottle, = tasa, q.v. dasa, dashi, desa, dashe, to

no

dauka

65

dSro

tales

;

(laukakiyar

;

the telling of false

ya doka

jeji

into the desert;

he went dauko to 5

daukaka take for oneself; daukaka, daukake a strengthened form of dauka to lift up, exalt, honour, B 14:7, ta daukakaka yanzu ta gochima it takes you up now, it makes you fall

;

dawa

66

madaukaka the exalted

n.

looking round, spying

daukaka, a

substantival form

of foregoing, exaltation, glorification

;

C

39 maiso7i dau-

kaka nana dunia he

who

desires the possessions of this

daure, occasionally used damre, to bind, suffer.

daurewa,

patient endurance

n.

dauri,

1.

a medicine given to as a preventa-

young children

tive against disease

;

2.

twist-

ed locks of hair arranged on either side of a woman's face Sit'

Ar. djl^^, curl of a moustache) ; 3. sania maidauri a cow with a horn growing (cf.

to cease,

rua ga dauke

the rain stopped.

daukekenia, to surge backwards and forwards in battle. daukekian-magana, a concocted story;

cf.

damre.

dauki, gallantry ya yi dauki he did a daring feat; nmidauki dauntless. ;

to take for oneself, to

accept.

or

downwards. dauri, early

; see dawuri. dauria, a small addition to a

carrier's load.

dauro, a small edible grain

like

giero.

dauro, doro to look at,

Ar. rt j^^), to fix the gaze

(cf.

upon cf. dauraro. dausayi, a marsh, or bank of ;

daula, state, kingdom, power; yin daula to be fortunate.

daura

for

q.v.

daure, to endure patiently, to

0^

world.

dauko,

cf.

of suffering.

one.

dauke,

;

dauro.

dS,bara,

alongside

but not so close as to touch ; when followed by da it is used as a preposition, e.g. su tsaya daura da juna they stood side by side, ka zona

daura da ni

sit

over against

me.

dauraro, doraro, daurara*.

a stream.

daushi,

damp,

mildew

;

cf.

damshi.

dawa

(sorghum vulgare), gui-

nea-corn, i.e. a species of millet

with small red grains, called Egypt dhurra. The plant

in

grows to the height or ten feet. is

The

of eight

which ground

grain,

exceedingly hard,

is

;;

d&wa

debe

67

between two stones and made into a sort of porridge which

has a sour insipid taste. four principal kinds of

The dawa

are kaura used for feeding

dawo,

come

to

dawo, it

used

is

ground up for making

gruel,

dawoinya,

muramura cooked and

eaten

eyes

food *

dawa forms the staple of the Hausa people (cf.

;

Hausaland,' pp. 153, 154);

an intoxicating drink from it cf gia. ;

d3,wa

is

made

habited place, or forest ;

an

Stj^),

unin-

a desert

e.g.

Sokoto for

in

to toil for, to seek

B

52 shina dawoinya da abin wofi he toils after

after

;

vanity.

dawoinya, attention

n.

esp.

shown

used

for

to strangers.

dawoiya, dawoya, dawaya, to return from a place.

dawoiyo, dawoyo, dawayo,

.

(Ar.

(fura) when been dissolved

have

suruki.

whole, giivakamha used as a medicine for rubbing on the

see

;

porridge

balls

when

used

farfara

horses,

back

dawoiyo.

mainyan ddiva the

to return to a place.

da-wuri,

dauri,

da-yamma,

lion.

dawainia, plague, disease. dawainiasda, dawainiashe, dawainiarda (K.), dawainialda (S.), to plague, dis-

long

early,

ago, in former time.

in

evening

the

yamma. da-yawa, daiawa, sometimes pronounced diyawaordeyawa see

much, great, abundant

;

see

yawa.

tress.

dawaki,

horses,

of

pi.

doki,

dayi, a small herb with thistlelike prickles eaten

q.v.

dawama

dazu, already,

wama

de, indeed

cf. duma. daw^tma, duma, continuance; C 15 enna da zama na dawama where is a state of

continuing

;

continuance; D 79 dawdraa, i.e. heaven. dawS,ra, a dance.

dawaya, n. return

;

cf

.

gidan

dawoiya.

by horses,

etc.

Ar. rt ^j>), to remain, to continue, maida(cf.

;

before, formerly.

see dai.

debe, beat a floor of a house. debe, a military expedition. debe, diba, debo, to take off, take out, dress;

pluck from,

dehe

kamna

to

un-

put

an end to friendship; debe rua to draw water; madebi

5—2

;

debi a measuring spoon

;

debo used

an imperative means, take and bring it here. debi (S.), a grass shelter or as

hut.

decha, datsa, dertsa, a sore at the corners of the mouth. deddi, to continue cf. ddda. dede, correct see daidai. ;

;

defi, dSifi

(Fulah

id.),

poison

obtained from snakes, plants,

The following are names

etc.

of vegetable poisons used for

smearing arrows

zabon

:

defi,

a plant belonging to the aloe family,

gwazan kwado^ masa-

ran giwa, kqfa /ago, rogon talonia,

daji,

alkaman

kadanya

tururuwa,

rafi,

kiria,

basa,jato, tawasa, kabankura,

kokia a plant belonging to the strychnine-producing family, aia aia, tururibi.

dege,

pi.

a

degogi,

night;

gramini-

comes out perhaps another

vorous animal, at

dengi

68

it

form of dxibgi ant-eater. degetai, headmen; seedagachi. deki deki, separately. dela, numbness ; dela ya kama kafata my leg is gone to

della, dogs

the state of being

demanta

(Ar.), to

name

applied to

lost.

do a thing

every day.

demi, dum.i,

man

rua,

dim.i, used with demi hot water

rana da dumi it is hot jikina ya yi dumi I have fever. demi, a sheaf ; see dame. dena, to cease see daina. dendaki, to strike; see dan;

;

daka.

dene, dS.na, to press, cover up (e.g. a hole), to entangle, hold down, pounce upon, to put straight, pull trigger of gun, to pull a bow. ya denashi he was holding him down; ya dene riga tasa he pulled his gown tight round him andena yarinia the girl was caressed, andena kunama the trigger was pressed. dengi, denga, dangi, degi, pi.

dengoyi, relation, friend,

class

;

cf

are

like

the Austrian Maria Theresa

nuts,

which circulates to a limited extent throughout

pounded

dollar

see ddla.

;

delma, dalma, derma, lead. demanta or dimanta, to lose oneself in the bush, demana

.

maza dengin gujia

sai anfasa

sleep.

dela, dala,

Hausaland, value about three shillings.

akansan bidi men lot of ground

a

only

when they are

kernels seen.

those

are

with

; ;

'

dilanchi

69

denki denki, a handful

;

cf.

damka.

dera, to jump see dira. derduma, a mattress made of ;

cloth.

dere, a

derje, to rub smooth in work-

ing leather

game

in

which the ends

are exposed in the

derto*, a file see derje, zerto. dertsa, a sore at corner of

hand

the

;

mouth

;

see decha, derje.

desa, to plant out

drawer of the longest piece ^vins. So called because the

dia, offspring

drawers are

dibajo (Ar.

'

in the dark.

dere, deri, night, esp. the time

between lisha and jijifi of. H. Gr. p. 87, da dere by proverb, kadan night cf. mutum ya yi maku rana ku ;

;

masa dere^ if a man makes day for you do you make night for him ? i.e. do you

yi

reward

evil for

good

chikin dere ko ko

B

?

56

by

jijifi

night or just before the jia da dere last night

;

dawn ya

bi

he came by night; wo or yiwo dere to start business or on a journey at sunset dere ya yi dere it is really night dere ya yi masu

dere

dere

;

;

night

when

overtook

followed by the

him

name

day of the week dere means the night before, deren lahadi Saturday night, but lahadi da dere Sunday night. derejia, honour see daraja. of a

;

deri,

Senegal hartebeest;

ddri.

dira.

cf.

;

;

of pieces of string or grass

the

see darje, derto.

;

dero, to jump

see

;

see ddsa.

see diya.

;

diba, to take out id.),

see dehe,

;

brocade, cloth.

dibara, contrivance;

see da-

hdra.

a word used by

didii^hura, boys.

didiga, crumb didigi, heel

;

cf.

dig a.

see duduge.

;

didindin, onomat. tinkle. diga, a drop, a minute of time,

yana diga

it is

dropping.

digirgire, to balance a load on

the head. digo, dropping ; digon rua drop-

ping of water. dikushi, to kneel

;

see

durku-

shi.

dila, pi. dihli, jackal, jackal

mallamin dawa, M. H.

p.

=

197.

dila*, melon. S

fix

In Hausaland nearly all buying and selling are conducted

dilali (Ar. JU^), a broker.

through brokers, who receive 5 p. c. of the price paid ; yin dilali to do business, to trade. dilanchi, trading maidilanchi one who trades. ;

dilari

a large (Phoenician?)

dilari,

bead.

wood,

fetter.

dilkushi, to kneel; see durkushi.

a

tree

with

edible

dinya, a goose see dunia. dinya, black plum; seedainya. ;

dira, diri, diro, dera,

dero

Ar. jl, to run swiftly), to jump, jump down, leap as (cf. (?)

dilo, a tall straight tree.

dimajo (Fulah

the

off-

spring of two slaves that

may

not be sold

dimbujin

id.),

cf bachucheni. .

;

dumbaji, small red beads worn round the neck by women. zufa,

Ar.

(cf.

striped

4-o->>,

cotton stuff), a white native

dimi-dawa,

dirgila*, a climbing plant with

sweet smelling flower. dirime, to upset ; see durimi. dirje, to rub see darje. dirka, a large beam stuck in ;

the ground to support a roof,

firefly.

fowl,

dimota

(S.), fear,

dimso,

to take a handful, to

a species of grass-

f.

hopper.

dindimi,

to be dim, used of

the eyes;

cf.

ana-

cf.

is

much

dingisa, to be lame, to limp.

dingishi

Ar.

i^S, to

difficulty

under a

(cf.

walk with

(?)

burden), lameness.

blacken their teeth, 23.

etc.

in order to dis-

F 11 ka her dara duka da dirka duka da sata give up all playing of dara and dirka and steal;

when

game

of

quills

and held up

is

played

clay are stuck till

on

they

off.

dirka or tsirka,

q.v., to beat; 106 suna dirkanka har kushe-kusheya they beat thee till thou art sore.

F

dirumbua, cf.

the

balls

darambua,

an

who

armlet of plaited grass worn

Gram.

by children ; cf, rumbua. dishamida*, a dollar, imported

dinini, masudinini those

1.

tellers,

drop

see dunga.

;

used of

framework of house rests. dirka, a game played by fortune-

ing

dundumi.

dinga, continuation; dinga magana there talking

is

cover secrets;

the hand.

dindiba,

dirkoki

pi.

the shorter poles on which

dimilmilo, a black water

p. 138,

a grasshopper, to surpass. dire, n. hopping.

the

cloth.

fill

dinkin, leaves.

dilka, a fork-shaped piece of

dimi*

dishaniida

70

a

f

diwa from North Africa, M. H. p.

dogara

71

217.

diwa,

anus;

1.

2.

a

grass

eating him), a salutation when

a child

is

gall;

2.

1.

born

madachi,

;

bitter.

whether male

dobane, self-defilement. doda doda, a fragrant herb with viscid leaves and small

or female, daughter, maiden,

yellow flowers (stylosanthes

used cf.

for

making baskets;

iwa.

diya,

offspring,

1.

girl,

brood of animals,

the

one who is free as contrasted with a slave diyal-rana mirage it is also used of a girl who is in charge of one who is not her own mother and who fruit of

a tree

;

2.

;

may

:

be expected to care for

her only during the day

when

she can be seen and to neglect her at night.

diya

(Ar.), price paid for acci-

dental

homicide

=

1,000,000

cowries.

diyantaka, freedom cf. seq. diyauchi, diyanchi, freedom, liberation from slavery, son;

do, dau, to take, a shortened

A

form of dauka\ 20 wajih mu do hayasu we ought to take their road ; cf use of .

for duka.

doachi, dachi, bitterness

;

ya

yi doachi it is bitter (e.g. as

a kola nut)

leguminosae).

pi.

dodonai, evil

;

cf.

allah

boyeshi a kogon dachi

God hide him

shi

may

in a hole of

bitterness (to prevent witches

spirit,

a dead man which supposed to walk about on

spirit of is

the day of his death but to rise

and disappear the same

evening in

:

trees

The word

it

appears at times

and catches men. is

often applied to

a rhinoceros or elephant or any large and dreaded animal.

gidan dodo the juju house in a pagan village. dodo, yin dodo to show anything exposed in the hand

and then snatch

it

away.

dod5ka, waterbuck (cobus fassus unctuosus)

ship.

du

erecta,

dodo,

;

de-

for list of

in Hausaunder harewa.

antelopes found land,

cf.

dodonia, mantis.

dodowa, dadowa, the cakes made from the kalua, i.e. the fruit of the doi'owa tree.

dogara, dogare, to lean upon, prop oneself up by, trust in, ask favour from B 20 mun ;

doyareka

muna

trust in thee,

we

kainna

we

love thee;

;

dogarchi dogareshi da

guiwa press him

down with the knee

madogara a pole to keep a door ;

man

office of

a police-

(cf.

Ar.

(1)

^S,

to re-

body-guard, an executioner, a policeman.

dSgari, support, stay. dogo, f. dogua, pi. dogaye, high, long;

lokachi

tall,

dogo a

evil

sup-

spirit

:

the fruit become paralyzed

and die; 2. paralysis caused by the dogua. doyi, a bad smell, yin

doyi to emit a bad smell.

doiya,

pi.

sativa),

plant

doyoyi

yam

is

;

(dioscorea

the root of the

eaten after being

boiled or fried,

doiyan ku-

rege (curculigo galla sis,

is

a

different

doka

also used for a loose

is

woman. doka*, used by Hausas

in N.

Africa as equivalent to twelve dokS,, large

tree

with white

and shining leaves

flowers

(Berlinia sp., Leguminosae)

an

posed to injure tamarind and other trees persons eating

doii,

i.e.

sous.

long time. 1.

shaven head;

things please different people.

(dogari).

pulse), a soldier of the king's

dogua,

prov. hukin wata doka bukin wata kundumi the desire of one woman is plaited hair,

the desire of another

shut.

dogarchi, the

dogari

doki

72

baten-

amaryllideae), a yellow

see far in - doka.

doka,

to take

doka

or

cf. dauka. doki, used of any authorized proclamation ; ka chika da doki you have gone beyond your orders. ;

dokachi, all, total (derived from dauka). doke, duka, to beat intensive form = doddoki see ddka. :

;

doki,

dawdki, dawdkai, a

pi.

The

horse.

pi.

is

used for

horsemen which, regarded as followers,

are

indicative of

the importance of a chief,

herb with stout underground stem, doiyan daji, or doiyan hisa a climbing plant, with small, hard,

horses,

edible fruit.

dukushi, guzumaj /urde, sari,

flowering

doka, plaiting

of the hair by with the object of making it stand erect cf.

a

woman

:

etc.

For

words

denoting

various kinds or colours of cf.

akawali, bola,

kili,

bidiy

bikili,

safi,

chichero,

aharus,

danda,

alshafi.

dokin allah butterfly; dokin

dokolua

doro

73

starling; doki kuru kuru a pony. dokolua, a hen see dakolua.

huntu

lest,

or

wanan ha komi, or ba komi don wanan that is nothing.

;

dolashi, order, commission.

dolata (Fulah

to compel.

id.),

(Fulah

id.),

by

doli-doli, a white grub. f.

place

D

cooked and used as a medicine for dysentery. is

dombubu, dongudu,

wrist,

domi, why? wherefore? domi is a contraction of don mi on account of what 1 domin, because of, in order that dominsa for his sake, domin hdka for this reason, dominsa (or donsa) shi ji in ;

order that he

may

lest,

hear,

do-

in order that

tracted this

to chewa

therefore,

reason

not used

;

colloquially.

don, 2.

1.

because, because of;

in order that

for

this

used

3.

;

44 aw dora hukata suna sa

F 99 F 176

at a time, to rejoice,

they cry aloud,

makarkata

dora

D

he

D

14

dorawa azdba

;

reason,

don wanan don kdda

murna

dora kira 43 shi dora

si<

till

begins

to

hal

yi

ta

the pain

is

put one thing on another, ta dora masa she put his load on increased;

also

to

him cf. dura. doraro, to look round ;

;

see

dauraro. dori, to endure

;

see daure.

dori, the setting or binding up of a fractured limb

...not.

dominchewa*, sometimes confor

to begin

tremble,

ankle-bone.

min kdda

2.

masa uku uku they heap up blows, they give them three

a small tree, the root

which

of

heap up, increase,

a blight on corn;

a soporific draught.

2.

domashi,

;

out.

to

with bindiga to load a gun.

pi.

madman. 1.

1.

dololi, fool,

dolua^

domana,

wrist;

ankle-joint,

dono, yin dono to pluck dora,

force.

dolo,

done, to hang up, to put meat on a stick, to draw back. see dombubu.

dole, to upset, pour out.

doli

d.on

;

.

dongudu^

dole, a blot (of ink). dole,

in order that. .not

;

niaidori

a bone-setter.

dorina, pi. dorinai^ hippopotamus. doro, hump, swelling; maidoro hump-backed, a doro on the shoulder, ta ke daukar kaya

a

doi'o

she

humps her

load.

;

dorowa doriwa

(Parkia

behold, watch carefully, aim

a

duba da kiyo look careduba behold dubara, contrivance see da-

leguminosae),

filicoidea,

resembling an

its fruit, called

kalua,

acacia,

con-

is

tained in a pod like that of

a bean and

eaten in soup

is

made from its beans

the cakes

are called dodowa.

dosanna,

doshi, dosa, towards,

to

pass

fire.

;

fully after,

!

;

bcira.

dubbara

da,

turn

front,

close

to,

ya

used, e.g. ina dosar ydbaz.

dotijo, datijo, dotizo (Fulah

a person of importance,

usually a

man with

beard.

is

close

to;

see

daura.

walk on

Ar. Zii, to

(cf.

fours),

all

an ex-

pression used of the attempts

doshesu he fronted them. doso, to turn towards an object which has just been mentioned, e.g. sun dosogida; dosa a verbal noun is also

It

at

dubbo dubbo

to set a light to any-

thing, to kindle a

id.),

dufu

74

dorowa, tree

.

a long

usually, but not

made

to walk by a boy of one year old. dubgi, dapgi, dabgi or daugi, ant-eater.

dubi,

yin dubi to consider,

n.,

to act as a soothsayer

;

cf

duba. diibu,

word

The same

thousand. is

found in the Fulah,

Kanuri, Teda and Bagrimma languages

;

cf. (?)

Coptic thba

ten thousand.

necessarily, applied to elderly

duchi, a stone

men, the feminine equivalent is giyatuma.

duduga, remainder. duduge, didigi, duga-duga,

doya, yam

;

see doiya.

doyi, a smell

;

;

see

d7j,tsi.

dudugai, heel ; ya tashi da duga-dugansa he started off on foot. dufu, darkness ya yi dufu it is dark, or it becomes dark, dere nan ya faye dufu the pi.

see doii.

dn, a contracted form of duka, all.

;

duade, to stop up, see duwade. duba, n. divination, looking at signs in order to foretell the future, a frequentative

form

of the V. dudduha is found. duba, diibo (cf. Ar. rfc w^j^,

to use diligence), to look at.

night

is

very

dark,

dilfu

A

kirim utter darkness, 67 ka shafa dufu kirim hiiska tasa thou anointest his face with utter darkness.

dufua dufua, darkness, a dark diiga-duga, heel

dugo, diga,

forest.

see duduge.

j

dugog% a drop

pi.

;

see diga.

dugui, tying a piece of cloth round the toe of a sleeper and lighting it in order to

awaken him. duguza,

hairy

common

a

or

an

contraction

;

kanta.

to

(S.),

;

bend the head ya duka da

kansa he bowed 180.

down; duka

his cf.

or

head,

M. H. dukawa

stooping.

duma,

;

dukSida,

cf.

tr.

dokachi. to bend

;

see duka,

dukanta, see dukachi. dukau, a nickname given

man who

pi.

to upset, used of a

continuance;

see

da-

pi.

stoops.

to a

dumaimai

or du-

7name, pumpkin, esp. used for

making water-pots.

duraama, to warm up (food). dumar - k^da (crocodile's gourd), a creeper with white

when mixed with gei'O made into a hot

it is

liquid in which patients suffer-

ing from kdba steam their eyes.

dumbaji, necklace;

see dim-

bujin-zufa.

dumbuzo, of,

dukachi, dukanta, all, the whole dukachin komi everything;

dukusai,

dulmiye,

husks

see ddka.

the body,

p.

dukusa,

f.

a tree, the sap of which a kind of gum. dulmiya, to immerse.

flower,

strike

look

rich man.

wdma.

so.

to

property,

goods,

maidukia a

is

duma,

duka

;

dukushi,

duk da haka nevertheless,

duka, duk, all, every, everyone; duka daia ne it is all the same, there is no difterence, duka komi everything, duka biu (or su hiu) both of them cf. dukachi, du-

or

dukiyoyi^ riches

boat.

duka, to

pi.

duki*, large carnivorous bird. dukiya, dukia, pi. dukoki,

duk da wanan

for duka^ q.v.,

even

leather workers, a

of baduka, q.v.

diili,

over,

all

epithet applied to Dodo, etc. all,

dukawa,

a small horse or mare, a pony.

dugiimi, without horns.

duk,

dumi

75

to take

much out

to help liberally,

dum-

buji plenty.

dumi, warmth

;

dumi, dimmi

(cf. (?)

noise.

It

of the

hum

B ku

is

Ar. ^i).-

especially used

of conversation,

22 ku ber ji

see demi.

yawan dumi

kahnata

leave

off

;

dumia

what

many ;

of

words, listen

I say.

dumia, goose dumia, a tree skii,

dungum

76

speaking to

;

see dunia.

is

sweet and edible

from

it;

dumke,

dumki

cf.

made

is

mddi.

A^^,

Ar,

(cf.

twist or plait), to sew

;

F

to

88

kuma gan-

aduinka duk ana

gamawa it is completely sewn and joined together, mac?z^m^*i hahu or madunki a tailor dumki there is no repairing ;

;

dumki licence fee A freq. by tailors. form dundunka is found. dummii, a kind of lish. dumshe, dunshe, a tree with kurdin paid

see

;

;

damu.

see dumia.

dunane, yin dunane

to

a

illness

man

etc.

which

seeing

at

night, though he can see

by

cf

;

.

seq.

dundumi,

to grope about;

cf.

dindimi, madundumi.

dundunia, the

inside

bird's talon, the heel of

dundurusu, an axe

a

of

a man. pick

or

used for working stones.

dune,

to close

up a hole

;

see

dene.

slept

keep on doing anyya dunga berichi he anadunga tajta on.

they

continued

dunga, thing,

cf.

to

travelling

dinga. of a small

im-

dungu, corner

of a fence

;

see

lungu.

dunde, duntse, duntsa, take hold

enwrap,

prevents

an

the

natives for

locust.

merse.

dundu, a

n.

dunge, a bad egg. dungo, the name

a sticky sap.

dumu, a lizard dumya, a goose

a small

drum,

purposes of signalling,

dundum.i,

day

diunka,

dunke,

w-*^,

large

drum used by the

(vitex cienkow-

a kind of molasses

Ar.

(cf.

drum), a

verbenaceae), the fruit

which

dundufa

F

of,

to

hold together,

95.

stiff-branched shrub

It frequent in the bush. has light yellow or white

blossoms, and produces a kind of gum. dundu*, yin dundu to strike with clenched fist.

dungu, the stump

of a leg or

arm.

dungule, dangole, spot. dunguli, dungule, 1. butter' (a Kanuri word) ; 2. a cow tied up by the feet. dungum*, much; B 30 shi wanda ke jiran kahdki dungum he who waits for abundance to eat.

[

!

dunguma

i

dunguma, crowd

;

to go together in a

gungu a mob.

cf.

dunhu, a kind

of blue trousers;

M. H. p. 203. dunia or dinya, spur-winged cf.

dunia, duniya ( Ar. UJ^), the world, sky, atmosphere, weather; c?2*niac?a^/i fine weather,

dunia ta yi d&re it is night, ^^^dunia ta yi rani it is the

Hftdry

together

falls

it

na sani dunia I my way about dunia

season

HBknow Hlis often

;

;

used to denote the

HI

evil principle which character-

T^

izes

the world, so dan dunia

(lit.

son of the world) a bad

man, B 52 kowa hi dunia nan ya rudu whoever follows this world is deceived, ya samu dunia he has become dunia is sometimes rich

to

pieces

again.

dunkule, a lump or handful or

Hour,

anything

of

of

soft

squeezed out.

dunkurkuda,

goose. j

durungu

77

a kind of grass-

hopper.

duno

(cf. Ar. ^^^, near), to draw near. duntsa, duntse, to take hold cf. dunde. of, enwrap dunu, waist chi dununka da hanu put your arms akimbo dura, to cram, give medicine ;

;

to

cf dora, .

;

duri, dull, muliebria.

durimi, dirime, to upset, used of a boat.

durkiisa, to kneel, an adverbial

form adurkushe kneeling. durkushi, dilkushi, n. kneeling

;

cf prec. .

;

used to denote

all

mankind.

stunted chicken.

J

dunia*

(Ar. C)3>)^ able, incredible.

^^^^^y

despic-

dunji, bunch, bundle.

dunke, to sew see dumke. dunko, gum see danko. dunko, danko, to withdraw the hand see damka. dunkula, to roll up into a ball; cf. prov. dan banza rairai ne ko andunkula ski ma ya rushe a worthless man is like sand, if you press it ;

;

;

durugu, durugun kaza a small

duruku, a shrub with purple flowers often pi anted in native

compounds (Newbouldia

lae-

vis), also called ba-reshi.

durumi, the name shady

tree,

it

is

of a large

a species

of ficus yielding a milky juice like rubber, the fruit of

which

somewhat resembles a kola nut

;

see gamji.

durungu, wart-hog, also called mugun dawa cf alhanzir. ;

.

!

duruwa duruwa, yin duruwa

to gird

Ar. j^li, to tread

(cf.

;

getting dark, fitila ta dushe

the lamp

is

going out, muria

ta dushe the

sound

is

becom-

ing indistinct.

dushe wa,

dimness, indistinct-

used of an eclipse of

;

the moon.

become dim. duasa,

pi.

duatsu, duasu,

darwatai,

stone,

a

stone; dutsinnika rmW^tone', dutsim bindiga bullet.

duwade, duade, hole), close

to stop

up

(a

down.

duwai, duwaiwai,

6 or

em),

ruan duwatana

1.

m

duwai-

gall.

;

I

;

being especially used in the district

the

around Kano, idan southern

;

see

ihlis.

or to ask a question

B

elle,

en

e.g.

for

a

follow

171 en rarafe ina aza hus-

kata place

let me crawl, let me my face on the ground

preceded by kdda

may

;

it

de-

kdda en

I not thirst,

or lest I thirst.

enche,

eko, the native name for the town of Lagos, M. H. p. 192. sling,

;

yawo let me go walk, em hika let me tafi

ena, enna, ina (Ar. jjjl), where? ddga ena whence?

bird,

eiiabar, black.

elawa, a

of

;

notes a prohibition

efo, adj. grey.

ellelele,

part

Hausaland; ya tamhaya en sufulani ne he asked whether 3. e/i is they were Fulahs used in an imperative sense

ji kishirua

echada, a small

pronounced

na tdfo en gaya maka, came to tell you; 2. if, whether en and idan are about equally common, en to

4.

a kind of scorpion.

eblis, the evil spirit

it is

that, in order that,

you, or shall I follow you? pi.

waya^ buttocks. duwatana, a kind of grass,

duwu,

(Ar. ^1, if) (when followed

by

in

dushi, dimness, yin dushi to dutsi, duchi,

sapindaceae).

en

out corn), chatf, husks.

dushe, to become dim or indistinct rana ta dushe it is

ness

planted in towns with edible capsular fruit (blighia sapida,

oneself.

dusa

enda

78

verily

!

certainly

;

see

anche.

enchi, to free a slave;

see

yanchi. allele,

a tree

enda, inda, where

;

ban sani

; .

79

engurdigi ha enda shi ke I do not know-

where he is. engurdigi (?), a large species of

entaya*, a small edible grain. enua, inua, shade, shadow, shelter; D 68 6« enua sai enda tuti muhammad there shall be no shade except where the ensign of Mohammed is, D 75 mu sha enua us enjoy shelter.

enuar-bauna, a white flowered shrub

labial

sound and might almost

be written y^. fa,

a rock

fa (Ar.

toad.

let

fSlda

(lamprothamnus

spi-

nosus, rubiaceae).

enuar-gada, a woody climbing shrub with fragrant white flowers (opilia celtidifolia).

seefalale.

;

therefore,

id.),

then,

thus.

fache, to wish for; see fata.

fache, 2.

up

1.

but, however, only;

till

now.

fada, fS,di (cf Ar. .

j*^,

to shout),

to speak, often implying to

speak with authority or in a tone of command, to say, to tell ; D 1 8 kunji/a 7iiun fadi do you listen, we say that.... f^da, to fight ; A 21 duka sun fdda they were all at strife.

f^da,

n. strife

;

fadan hata kai

a petty squabble maifadaichi a quarrelsome person; yin ;

erSrahimi* (Ar.

^^AftJJjt),

the

fdda

merciful,

esga, a horse's tail

see isga.

;

ettabibi,attabibi, doctor, witch doctor.

ewa,

verily,

fdda and fdda to speak may both come from the Ar. to fight (possibly

to fight

j^ to trample down and to indeed

;

see aiwa.

shout).

f^da, ^\.fadodi, a blow. f.

The letter s^ is used by the Hausas to represent both / and p, the sounds of which

fada,

are frequently interchanged

fada, fadi, to

cf.

is

/ago, pago.

The sound y

also interchanged

with that

and with that of h, cf hako, fako huska, fuska. In

of b

;

;

certain words, e.g./bsAi anger,

the

/ represents

a sort of bi-

pi.

palace

;

fddodi, 2.

1.

court or

royal council

fdda a king's

;

ha-

councillor.

fall down; ya fddi he fell down, ya fada a rua he fell into the water, ya fada rua he flung himself into the water ; fdda ma wani da duka to fall on a man with blows, to beat ; fdduar gaba

fadake

80

losing heart

;

fcida of

an

ail-

ment to be cured fadi is used ;

as

a trading idiom to lose

money on a transaction; ySf/a-

fago f ado*, fadua,

down

to fall

see fadi.

;

falling; see fadi.

fafa, to cut up. fafa, to plead for, intercede.

da to let a thing fall. fadake, traders; sQufatdke. fadama (Fulah fadamare), marsh, esp. ground which is inundated in wet weather. fadanchi, yinfadanchi to hold a council.

fafe, fofe, to fade, of leaves, etc.

fadawa, a

fafe, to rub, rasp, scrape;

king's

attendants

cedence

;

officers

or

the order of pre-

diflfers

in

various

fafake, to

about as with

feel

the hand in searching for anything.

fafare, to drive away.

fafaye, to exceed

form of fay e,

an intensive

travel,

makamaj

thing to the last minute.

in

:

turaki^ sarikin da-

cf.

do not scrape out the

Kano it is sariki, galadima^ madak% wombai, places

water-bottle on the day of

do not leave a

i.e.

ivaki, sarikin bayi, chiroma,

fafo, n. interceding; ci.fafa.

maji ; in Zaria it is sariki, madaki, galadima, sarikin maikira (= Tnaiizo), makama^

fagachi,

fakache,

court

of

a king's audience. fage (Kanuri id.), any open justice,

space, the

etc.; of. hafade.

fadi, to fall; seefdda.

open parade ground

before a king's house, ground

da fadi broad ; cf prov. fadin rua ha zurfi the breadth of a river is not (a guide to) its depth ; i.e. appearances are

room fagen doki a place

for

deceptive; fadin rai haughti-

riding in;

fa-

fadi, width, breadth ^^^^^^ide,

;

.

ness ; fadin kai conceit, 'swolfadi, fada, ^\, fade fade, speech,

talking

;

cleared for threshing, also a

course;

up

rode

times

cf

.

prov. fade fade

ha yi ha ne talking is not doing ; tana fadan hanza she

was talking

folly.

ya yi fage uku he and down three a

;

king's

assembly

;

gaigai

in

cf.

fako,

pi.

fields.

fS.go, hole

len head,'

\

gianduma ran

prov. ha afafa tafia

;

q.v.

(e.g.

in a hatchet)

which the handle

is

in-

serted.

fago, pago, a woman's luggage carried in a bag or net (a

Fulani word),

cf.

Gr. p. 138,

i

;,

;

fandare

81

hari

men who

iiiasv/ago

17.

woman's

possess but a

«

fahari, fahri (Ar.

^

load.

^

jU^), hon-

ka yi up

fahimta*, fahumta*( Ar.^i^), fai ga haki openly fai da hoye openly and secretly, ;

faifai, pi. fiyafai, fan or dish

woven grass, fan for winnowing with, faifeto, fefeto, q.v., wing of a

made

cover

bird

of.

;

.

falale or fa, also a smooth rock e.g. for

sale

drying vegetables on.

palasa (D.)

falasa,

falfada

farfada (K.), a

(S.),

fainting

fit

cf . fada to fall

;

farfasa,

falfasa,

pound

strike,

falgaba, fear

;

falia, faria,

a

fikajike a.nd /ai/ai.

purchasing, esp. whole-

purchasing ; cf haja.

(Ar.), to re-

disgrace, punish, destroy.

vile,

of

faiy a-faiya, a shrub ; see paiyapaiya. fS-ja, n.

rise

cf faXka^ farka.

;

to understand,

openly

and awake,

falala (Ar.), riches.

our, pride.

fai,

ku falaka ku

berchi

sleep

ta^shi

to

cf.

;

bruise,

fdsa^

cf . firgaha.

something

fish

like a salmon.

farka,

falka,

awake;

to

cf.

falaka.

.

fakache, a king's audience ; see

falka, farka, farika, a prostitute

fak&ra (S.), pakira, partridge, francolin

;

cf.

makertui (K.).

f&ke, to hide oneself ; fake

ma

to take shelter from rain,

fako, lying in wait, yin fako

an ambush ; see hdko. &^LO, a hard bare spot where gi*ass won't grow and where there is no dust, esp. used of to set

a threshing floor (cf Ar. U;» to take off the husk) ; ci.fage.

see farika.

;

fagachi.

falkada, falke

tr.

to wake, arouse. to break open:

(S.),

cf.

farke.

falke,

f.

falkia,

pi.

fatake^ tra-

velling merchant, trader.

falma, farma, to fall upon. falmaki, assault ; ^eefarmaki.

fama,

strife, battle,

fighting;

yinfama to fight, also trouble,

muna fama da

vexation;

.

fai,

yin fed to

faladara, cap falaka,

;

falka

used of the forth

fill

'),

^^^fuladara. (cf.

Ar. sJi?, *

to break

to awake, arise;

E. H. D.

the journey taxes us to

the utmost

up.

dawn

tafia

D 26

;

na sha fama da

shi it is all that I can

fandare

Ar.

manage.

jjJu?,

a

boulder), to be crooked;

A

(cf.

58 hainya sun

hi

wanda ya 6

;

82

fanfare

fandare they followed a way that was crooked. fanfare, to take the handle off

an axe,

fankam

(or

famkan)

fayo,

meaningless words used as the commencement of a pro-

verb about deceptive appearances, or generally to express

fear or annoyance.

fankasu, a cake made of wheat, flour and honey.

pansa

fansa,

(D.),

hansa

(Zanf.), deliverance, revenge,

redemption from yin fansa to redeem. fansawa ransoming, redemprequital,

slavery

thee from slavery

;

in playing

game of chacha the loser na fanshe^ i.e. I have to

pay;

cf.

Gr. p.

137,

1.

U

sarkaki ya fanshi wansu the bush saved some.

fanso, panso, \.({. fanshe. fantaria, a hoe, M. H. p. 54; see fartanya

fara

i.e.

attempt what you know

pi.

farandere,

;

farorindere

(lit.

locust

which comes out at night. fara, beginning, cf. fa2

A

rawa

;

or yin fara to begin.

fara, to begin;

cf.

wane gari

zaafara isa which town shall we reach first? ta fara zua she was the

first

nafara shigowa

to

come

;

jirigi this is

my first experience of a canoe faruar alameri the beginning of the affair, fara aiki to begin work cf. faru. ;

fS,ra,

dropsy.

far^a(Ar. ^yi), joy; fa/rdaor yin

tion.

says

jini ga fara let

blood besoughtforin a locust,

;

fanshe, panshe, fansashe, to ransom, redeem, e.g. na fansheka ddga hauta I ransomed the

anema

prov.

of the night), a black locust

fasa.

cf.

;

faranji

to be impossible

etc.

fanfatsa, to break into small pieces

.;

(S.),

and fatainya.

fragment.

faruna, locust a locust is supposed by the Hausas to be bloodless; cf.

fS,ra, pi. farori,

rejoice, F 232 anafaraa anamurna da kowa there shall be j oy and gladness f or al

faraa to

1

farafara, farfara, a species of guinea-corn used for making gruel

;

see ddwa.

fara-kaya the

name

(lit.

white thorn),

of a large tree with

white thorns from the fruit which ink is made. faralta, to make glad ; faralta ma wani to gladden another of

;

allah shi faraltaka

may God

gladden thee. faranji, a long, white wedding

garment for a

bride.

;

!

faranta, to whiten.

away

an. exclamation,

farap,

with farau,

farau

forau

forau

{iromfari white), water with

oifura mixed in

flour

it.

farauta, hunting; yinfarauta

fSrawa,

form

participial

fdra^ beginning

D

;

1

of

maifa-

rmva or maifaruwa beginner.

fari a small piece of something white, F SSfarin yunwa drought, far in dabino an

name

unripe date, also a

;

rifi) brass,

fari ko bdki some-

times denotes good or bad,

farin wata new moon, moon/arm ^mi good disposition, farin chiki j oy gladness, ,

see fari.

2/m farin chiki to

farcha

(cf. (?)

to blister

;

Ar. Ui, to heat), D 65 ^a kan rika

farcha kai gar emu it will continually blister our heads; cf,

farsa. (e.g. cloth),

farde, fir da, to split

farfada, falfada, fainting

fit.

farfade, to recover conscious(?).

fara.

to

perceive something

wrong;

na farga da kai I

distrustful of you,

see that

i.e.

I

you are cheating me.

fargaba, firgaba, falgaba, fear. fari, faria, boasting f.

i.e. a pretty girl; farin abu that which is pleasant. fari, furi, drought; cf. prec. fari, furi, firi, a break of about

rainy season in June or July; farms.

farfasa, to strike; seefalfasa.

fari,

;

also the early hoeing of the

farfaro, furfuro, to pursue.

am

;

farin ido a bright eye cf. prov. banza farin ido babu gani. farin ido also a pretty

ten days' duration during the

farfara, guinea-corn; see/ara-

farga,

rejoice,

fari fari whitish, or dirty white fari fet very white,

eye,

rip up.

ness

for

light,

farayu, whitened

pi.

sun san fari sun san bdki they know the difference between white and black, dan

beads, farin karifi (or jan ka-

to hunt, to chase.

faraya,

farifasha

83

faranta

fdra,

fdru, white,

pi.

;

seefahari.

fdrdre,

bright;

fdru

A

21

fari,

used

the

in

compound

forms dafdri, nafdri, first fS,ri,

;

cf

.

signs of punctuation.

faria, boasting

farichi, cf.

f . tafdri,

fdra.

;

see fari.

farche,

finger-nail

also ahaifa.

farifasha, an extensive form of fashe, to break in pieces.

6—2

;; ;

farika

(cf.

iJ^, used of

Ar.

woman

'to hate her hus-

band '), a

profligate of either

a

sex ; cf falka. farilla (Ar. u^ji>\ the proof or .

visible fact.

fa,rin-chiki,happiness; see/dri.

farin-doka (Berlinia paniculata,

leguminosae), a tree like

doka with paler leaves and bark: both have large flat pods. fS,rin-gamu, a convolvulus with flowers

white

and

silvery

hairy leaves (Ipomaea argentaurata, convolvulaceae) also ;

a name given to a white mixture which is used as a medicine.

farka, falka, ferka, to awake from sleep farko, ferko to ;

revive,

come

to oneself.

farkaji, tortoise.

farke, 2.

fS.sa

84

farika

1.

to cut, tear, ct/alke;

to seduce

;

cf.

farika.

farke, trader; see/alke. farko, ferko, beginning

= na-

farko first, da-farko at first; yin farko to begin, ferkon far a the very outset. farina, falma, to fall upon, probably an abbreviation of fada ma. farma,ki, falmaki, firmaki, ambush, invasion, attack, throng, tumult in war.

yin

farsa, farisa, a blister;

farsa to cleanse a wound see farcha.

farta or yin farta, to scratch. fartanya, fatainya, a hoe. fartat, headlong flight

;

ya Uere

masafartat he got clean away from him. faru, a wild stone-fruit from which a drink is made. faru, chiefly used in the

ex-

mi ya faru what has happened, what is the

pression

matter 1 yafaru it happened cf fdra. .

fasa, arrow-head.

fasa, to defer, postpone, miss fire;

Tnuna da tafia ha fdsawa we have a journey which cannot be put aside, B 120 mutua... ha tana yi ta fdsa ha death does not admit of delay, na fdsa aike gohe I put off the

work till to-morrow, fatake suna zua ha sa fdsawa the traders keep on coming without

intermission

;

cf.

fdshi. fS,sa,

p^sa,

split,

break

to

fS,so,

destroy,

sashe, .

break, q.v.,

or intr.), fafdsasu, broken

(tr.

pi.

cf fdso.

to

fashe,

fdsa doki to cover army with masupashin hainya

the front of an cavalry

;

those holding up the road.

fasadi

85

fasadi*, fasada (Ar. ju«?), discord,

ku

envying

E

;

18 ku tuba

ber fasadi repent,

leave

(Ar.), eloquence, ima-

-

kworia

breaker),

(calabash

a large tree,

fasali, interpretation

;

-

the

aromatic bark of which ground up as a medicine. see

is

foy-

1.

division, allotted

damana ya yi maku

portion, fasalin

the

wet season, fasalin aiki he will apportion your tasks. 2. class, category, doki maikeaun fasali a horse of good class, wuri yoj

split

mafashi brigand

;

see fdsa.

woman

to

have her periods,

yi fasali the place

is

ex-

cellent.

0^

fasara, fasaranta (Ar. j-^), interpretation, explanation, quickness of intelligence; yin fasara oxfasarta to interpret,

he comes at intervals of two babu fashi without

days,

delay fasiki,

cf fdsa.

;

.

pi.

explain.

fdsikai, a profligate

fdsika (Ar. iAwl*), a

;

woman,

profligate

faskara,

n.

babu

konii

thing

is

overcoming;

cf.

faskara ne no-

impossible

;

see fas-

kare.

faskara, to

split,

cleave;

cf.

faskari.

faskara-giwa, a small shrub with purple flowers. The

name has reference to the extremely tough nature of the wood. (Ormocarpum sp., leguminosae.)

faskarari,

fasawa, postponing ^eefasa. fashe, pashe, to break, to burst; kasua ta fashe the market is over, inteus. form

; fabin ya kan zo

kwana

shifi

man

sara.

fasali (Ar.),

burn their heads, it them; maifeshe,

will

fashi, delay, interruption

gination, lucidity.

fasa

it

will

fashi, fashe, v. of a

off discord.

fasaha*

faskari

foot;

cf.

bound

hand

and

seq.

;

=fafashe or farfashe; fashewa splitting cf. idiom ;

fashewa da daria bursting o out laughing;

F

114 tana

kona fa kainua na fashewa

faskare,

to overcome, to be unable to do anything; ya faskareni I cannot do it;

also used as an impersonal verb cf. faskara. faskari, the shaving one side of the head as a sign of sorrow if a woman has three ;

;

children

who

die in succes-

sion she shaves half her head, if

n. splitting, e.g. of

a

plank or board, yin faskari

make

faski,

into planks.

dafaski broad. fS.SO, breaking of the skin, as result

cold

of

trade; yin

fatauchi to trade or travel as cf fatake. .

f^ti e.g.

da fdso

;

travelling

trading,

for purposes of

a trader, maifatauchi trader;

faske/aske, n. breadth ;

-pi.

fatatake, to tear to pieces.

fatauchi,

four die, the whole.

faskari, to

fawa

86

faskari

torn, rent, cracked.

a porridge like kiinu.

fS,ti,

fatiha, the opening verse of

the Koran; see alfatia. fatila, fitlla, pi. fatllu, fatllai

f^SO, to break; ^QQfdsa.

(Ar.

or fatUoli

wick

3JLJL%

lata, T^X.fdtuna^ frequently pro-

nounced jt?ato 1. the skin of an animal; 2. the rind or bark of a tree. ;

lata, wish, desire, usually in a

bad

sense, yin fata to desire

that

which

wrong;

is

see

complete.

hoe; see fartanya^

fatainya,

pataka (probably

in-

troduced from Lagos), a florin. fatake, merchants

pi.

;

oifalke,

pi.

fatalu^ a

head-kerchief;

cf.

woman's

alfuta.

fatalua, fatalwa, ghost, hob-

a

fishing

hook,

itachen fatsa a fishing rod,

kugian fatsa a

fish

to

fatsa

fish,

hook, ;

also

;

yin

dan fatsa a

fatsi*, yellow.

fau, up to the brim, kura ya

fau the calabash was to the brim, ya haw fau — ya hau bisa. fau is tashi

fatara (Ar.), dawdling, slackness of work.

woman's

loin-cloth, or

cf.

faufau

form

of

similar interchange

;

(S.),

assuredly.

mafauchi mahauchi a butcher. fawa, n. slaughtering; wurin

fauta, to slaughter

fdwa

petticoat.

fatatSika, rending

hau,

;

or

fatara, to miss, lose. fatari, a

another

probably

in huska, fuska.

goblin, spectre.

under

caravan tax.

faza,

fatsa,

main

filled

q.v.

fatala,

fS,to, tax,

;

oil.

fisherman.

fantaria.

fataka,

lamp

igianfata a fishing line a small throwing net

fache. fS.tafS,ta,

used in a lamp), lamp fatila

cf. seq.

fawa,

abattoir.

folly;

da fawa iooMsh.

;

fawo

fida

87

lawo*, a greeting

;

yin

fawo

fi,

abound or excel in to do something very much, to be addicted to or fond of anything yara suna Jaye yin worigi the boys are fond of plaj'; ya faye da girima he was too big to...j makqfi sun faye

faye,

degree

faye

men

responding adjective,

too

flay,

press a

158;

p.

the most

is

often pre-

strengthen the thus mafii kunche narrower, or very narrow

M.

or

positive

ci. faifeto.

e.g.

mafi

to

;

da over and above, shina da duhu fiye da wanan he has 1000 over and above

fiye

with a

knife.

ferko, beginning; see farko.

this.

ferko*, to revive; seejirko.

mafiyi a superior

fgsa, to

spit,

fesawa

spitting;

feshi spitting, mist or driving rain. fet,

used with fari, very white. ;

mafechi one

fans; intens. iorm

feto or fito, the lips

fi,

^\'

fiyayci

;

of.

who

fiache

whistling with

;

cf.

fu.

(probably

onomato-

to blow the nose.

fiade, to flog; seefiyadi. to get away, escape; 34 kowa ke so shi fichi

fichi,

fifita.

fedua.

superiority.

fiye fiye, n, surpassing.

poeic),

f eta, to fan

ya

is

noun or adjective order to form a compara-

in

to peel, shell.

fere (K.), to peel,

superlative, e.g.

beautiful,

tive

H. feke

is

me, ka ji jia do you feel

fixed to a

fefe, to fade.

winged,

in

for

duka keau he

fi

;

maifefeto

fi

it

than yesterday, see ffita; ya fisu karifi he was stronger than they ; it is often used with duka to ex-

open out, prepare food, feda nama to dress meat; maifedi a skinner wukar feda a knife for flaying. fedua, whistling; ctfeto. fefeto,

me

wiya

fini

ya

than I

better

faza, a fishing hook; ^Qefatsa.

(S.),

difficult

e.g.

is taller

surpasses

ya

dama ya

are very

feda, fede, fIda, fide, to

he

(lit.

height),

also used.

is

followed by the

it is

fini tsawo he

an intensive form fa^

:

ya

substantival form of the cor-

;

talauchi blind

;

when" used

;

express the comparative

to

to

anything,

poor

to surpass, to be better fi it is better so

to greet.

whoever desires to escape. fida,

to

take out,

cast

out,

.

fida

88

drive away, save from,

fida

naushi to punch. The word is probably a contraction of

fUa

da.

filania

wing

fifike,

cf fikafike.

;

.

surpassing, used

fifiko, n.

interest, or

usury

to excel

.

;

;

cf fiko.

fida, to play; s,ee/eda.

fifita,

fida-hakuka

fifita, fifiche, to surpass,

(grass tearer), a

of

yin fifiko

fanning; see ^e to.

used

plant with sharp-headed seeds

esp.

which when expanded in water are used to extract objects from the eye.

ments, ya fificheshi he was greater than he ; seefiu

fida-kai, a scribe the

word used to

custom of adding

cups

four

de-

when

grain

of

making a bargain in the This amount of market. grain if given to a malJam is

supposed to procure the

forgiveness of sins committed

during It

is

previous

the

year.

also applied to allocation

measure of grain for each inmate of house at close of Ramadan to be given to The Arabic raallams, etc. of one

name

for this feast id ul fiir

may

perhaps explain origin

of

word

making hedges. fidili

figa, n. plucking, snatching. fige, figi, to take, take away,

pluck (a fowl), snatch

fige

;

jiki to pluck all the feathers

figa plucking

off.

;

Jigege, f

an ear

stripped, used of

corn

;

plucked or

figegia, pi. figagu,

of

cf fisge. .

figina, figini,

figinai,

pi.

an

ostrich-feather fan.

a kind of raddish.

fijir,

flka, to sharpen.

fukafuki,

fikafike,

pi.

fika-

fikai,fukafukai,fi(ffuke, of a bird, feathers

;

wing

cf fifike, .

faifeto *.

fike, a sharpened stick, a filed tooth.

fida.

fida-sartse, a cactus used in fideli,

comparative state-

in

(S.),

fidali,

of which an eye medicine made.

a

is

fidia, cutting out, castration. ;

power,

excellence

see mafuchi.

f ifika, fufuka, to flee

;

cf fichi. .

passing

;

cf

;

yin

flkowa sursaying, flkon

flko to surpass

shrub, from the bruised seeds

fifiche, n. a fan

fIko,

.

;

du7iia wofi ne the excellence of this fila,

world

stratagem

is ;

vanity.

see hila.

f ilafile, fulafule, a paddle for

a canoe. filania, clitoris.

name of a plant, a made from which is

filasko, the

drink

used as an antidote for snake bite, also for diarrhoea.

a tree from which spice and scent are obtained.

filfil,

to fan

filfita, firfita,

Jllaye

pi.

plains,

'

;

seejijita.

^,

Ar.

(cf.

any

plain,

deserts),

or

spot

unoccupied

babu

space;

wuri nan there

fili

no room here, finche, used of the cutting

meat during findi

is

(cf.

Ar.

off

flaying.

axe),

a sword with broad blade.

finfin (S.), finfini (K.), soot.

finso

(i.e.

preference,

fi-n-so),

yin finso to prefer fira,

;

cf. fiso.

firgiche, to frighten,

be frightened, shiver, e.g. with cold, shrink, tremble.

drought; seefari. furi, to heap up earth, e.g. round the roots of yams.

firi,

firi,

firko, to revive

see/arka.

;

put out, equivalent to

fisa, to

fitasda.

forth,

draw

to snatch,

fisge, fusge,

take out, take

off;

rua

of a stream, igiar

used

ta fisge

him

shi the current carried

away

gulbifisga gareshi the

;

current

very strong;

is

cf.

fige-

hira*

(cf.

fishe, fushe, to drive out,

Ar.

Ajj.?),

con-

versation, tale, a story that is

their

of

sleep.

yinfira to shell, of children

to lose the teeth. fira,

out

started

they

fisa, to complete.

an

S^tj^l?,

cf.

fargab a. firgigi, an exclamation on awakening. sun tashi firgigi

firmaki, assault; seefarmaki.

stealing little pieces of

Iand

firgaba, to be distressed;

firgita,

filfilwa, a sand-fly.

fill,

nta

89

filasko

not true.

up; seefarde.

lion,

wild

beast;

king.

i.e.

fi

;

see

filfita.

so, to prefer,

na

wish

wanan da

fiso

.

fita,

to go out of,

followed by da

take fan

cf. fisa.

cf finso.

dan

an epithet applied to a

firfita, to

;

ivanchan I prefer this to that;

firde, blocks of wood.

firdi

fiso,

rather;

corn.

firdi,

away, save

fiska, skin, cuticle.

firchi, the stalk of a grain of

firda, to rip

draw

out, enthrone (a king), take

went

away off

;

ya

with

it

fita

it,

take out,

means to da shi he

rana

ta fita

;;

the sun has risen, ya fita na-

gari he turned out well, fita jini to bleed, fito to come out, fitas to take out, fishe to drawout, fitasda to take out, take

M. H.

undress, fissai,

off,

223, for fitasdashi expel

p.

fitila,

a lamp

fitina

(Ar.

punish

j

;

annoy,

to

a;;^),

maifUina a ;

scold.

yinfito

fito, to n.

come out from. a paddle

;

a patch on clothes.

make fitsarin

fochen

or

gishiri,

a

fofi, fafe, to fade.

used in

altogether,

(S.),

urine; yin fitsare

to

water.

gwauro, used

of

a

disease which comes out in

on the knee. a leaf (Thaumatococcus

boils

Daniellii) used

thatching

by the Hausas a

hifi

the scale of a

foge, a sprout of

rice;

fish.

ta yi

foge it sprouts up, also used of a rice farm. ^

^

J

Ar. i-ojo^?, pride), pride, boasting maifoma a proud, arrogant man.

fora,

a tax paid on leaving

a country, tax paid to the king in the Kano market when purchasing a slave ; 2. fitsare,

pro-

(cf.

;

yiii fito to

ferry across a stream. 1.

;

the

of

cf. fi.

cake, or cone of salt.

foma

to whistle.

house

or

wrapping up kola nuts. fiyadi, fiadi, flogging with whip

or

foche

fofon

seefatila.

f Ito, feto, n. whistling

for

phets

fofo, a leaf or blade of corn

fitara, n. fanning.

fitta,

the excellency

emphatic denials.

fita, departure.

fito,

cellency ; F 51 ka duha liar fiyayan annahawa consider

fofo

him.

fito,

foro

90

fita

birch; fiyade, fiydcla to

flog.

fiyaya, fiyS,ye, superiority, ex-

fori,

fore,

to

instruct,

ahinda anforemu da shi that which we have been instructed to do; sun foru direct

;

they have been reproved and have amended. forau forau, foro foro, the water or soup in which fura has been made see farau ;

farau. foma, a small fish net. foro, 1. punishment, discipline ; E 22 masubidar wushewa don asansu anaforonku those of

you who seek for adornment

may be punished

in order that they

known

shall

be

2. instruction, E 23 ya ki 6m foron uhamu he refuses to

.

follow the instruction of our fathers

pi.

or

maiforo

foro^

;

mafori,

mafora, instructor,

dan Joto a male dancer,

acrobat.

fua; wanene

fU,

fufu,

huhu,

1.

with

kola

leaves

;

2.

a mixture

made

and

fitta

nuts

the packing placed

round kola nuts.

punisher. foto,

fulaka

91

foto

who

other ? see

ya fu

wanene

cf.

the

excelled

down

198

fufu da hanjl na zuhuwathQir lungs and bowels shall be poured out. to pierce

fufuji,

fi.

F

fufu, kufu, the lungs;

many

holes,

after boil-

used of water dropping quick-

ing, used of food, liquids or of a wound, molten metal to cease from inflammation, pronounced fliuche.

ly ct fuji. fufuka, f ifika, to flap the wings. fufuna, mildew ; ^QQfunfuna.

fuche, to cool

:

fUche, to to abate

fuchi*,

afuche in peace,

rest, .

away

pass

;

see

e.g.

of a

wuche. snake, yin fuchi to hiss

;

cf

fada, huda, to open, pierce, dig

in

ground,

the

plough.

bale of goods.

;

a form of fiida to pierce,

of a ship, to sink. fuji,

a hole

;

cf.

wuri da ha fuji

through fuka,

it.

shortness

of

breath,

asthma na yifuka I breathe hard intens. form fufuka. fukafuki, wing; SQQfikafike. fukumchi* judgment; see ;

fudawa, the

or

ginning

of

the

day,

be-

early

dawn.

hakumchi.

fudu, to be opened; see/uda. fudu, fudo, to rise or come cf.

D

28 hal rana ta

fudu. fadu, four, nafudu, fourth,

load

fuja*, affair; see huja.

;

fadi, n. boring.

forth;

cf.

a cowry shell without a hole

mai/uchi.

fudowa

;

Gr. p. 155.

fuji,

fuchi, hissing sound,

bore,

fufunda, the phoenix bird

fuguma, a

cf futa.

;

to

;

anafuda

ful*, very

many

;

see pul.

fuluna, cap or fez ; fula saki a blue or black

fula,

pi.

cap.

tafudu

f.

(?)

done a fourth time cf. p. 98 (cf. Coptic /«;w). ;

was M. H.

it

fulafule

(S.), filafile (S.),

pili (K.),

pi.

pila-

fulafulai, the

paddles belonging to a canoe. fulako, 1. shame, embarrass-

;

fulandara ment;

2.

a coin worth one-

eighth of a penny

;

cf anini. .

fulandara, a fez, made of red These cloth with a tassel. caps are for the most part imported across the Sahara Desert; cf. tagia. ba-filache, fem. baa or ba-filatana, filata

fulata,

Fulah

;

pi.

filani, or fulani.

fulani,

fulata,

fulanchi,

fulbe, belonging to the Fulah tribe

ha fulata a Fulah Fulahs fu-

;

native, fulani

;

lanchi the Fulah language. _

fulbe (a Fulah word) is used as the name of the people.

fululuwa*

(Ar. JJs3,, to be superabundant), exaggerated,

B 154 yawan dumi na fululuwa much loud

superfluous;

talking and superfluous.... funfuna, mildevf, damp, smell of damp. funi, the twisting of a turban. funjun, the noise made by any-

thing falling into water.

funtu

or

da funtu, naked;

properly, stripped of the loincloth.

funtunchi, nakedness. funturu, futuru, chill, ally applied to

especi-

cold felt at

also the cold season night beginning in Dec. or Jan. and preceding rani. ;

furfura

92

fara

(cf.

Ar.

to

jl?,

boil),

sort of thick porridge

a

made

with various kinds of grain, it is one of the commonest kinds of food amongst the Hausas. fura, fure, furi (cf

.

Ar.

C?)

Ij!?,

with wuta to light maifura to blow

heat), used

a

fire,

;

burning, wuta ta

furu the

mafiri bellows. fura kune to persuade, fura kasa to swallow up the fire is

lit

;

ground, of going very quickly, lit. to blow a hole through the ground, ykra salka to blow

up a leather bag

;

cf

.

hura.

furaki*, a military leader. furau (from fura to blow), a species

of

scorpion

which

spits.

furche, to escape, to furchi, confession

;

flee

away.

seefuruchi.

furde, a bay horse. fure, 'p].furanyi,furaye,^ower, blossom, fure is often used

which is made from the tobacco flower, fu-

for tooth-paste

ren tsuntsu (bird's flower), a shrub with a scarlet flower cf. prov. kariafure ta kan yi ha ta yaya, i.e. the karia tree (or, a lie) does not produce

any

fruit.

furfura, grey hair fura.

;

see furu-

ga

93

furfura furfura, furfuri, to exchange, furi, to

be angry;

blow; see/wra.

pi. fuskoki, fuskuna^ countenance fuska biu face to face ; darrire fuska to fro^vn, yin hakin fuska

})lants.

furji, to sneeze, to spit.

piece of

attached

bow

the

;

it

to

1.

2. cf. na fuseast or west kanta da ahu nan I must ;

have that. fuskat-riga, the pattern on the

tell,

speak

to.

front of a tobe.

furtali, leather blinkers for a horse.

fusuma, a quarrel; futa, to

furtumi, burtumi, castrated bull.

rest;

see

cf.

husuma, and

fiiche

seq.

futawa, futu, n. rest; futun hanza an unnecessary

futa,

faruchi, furchi or huruchi, to yi7i furchi confession

rest.

;

confess, to declare positively-

farufi*,

fuskanta,

face in a given direction, e.g.

and the

handle. furta, to

fuskanchl,

includes both

of the net

;

to frown, look angry.

wood to which the koma {foma or horna), i.e. hand fishing-net,

is

haushi.

face,

hoe or earth up

fumai, the

cf.

fuska,

fari, fari, drought.

furi, firi, to

yin fushi to

anger;

,^1^),

barter.

a chisel for

cutting

iron.

furufura, grey, as

futasda, to allay. futo, to swim.

futuru

(S.),

sunset.

fuzu, quarrelsome furfura,

;

see hutsu.

turning

from old age,

grey-

hair. g.

The

letter

c

is

used by

furufuran tsofua, a grass with a whitish flower. furza, to spit out; see furji. fus,

onomatopoeic,

pop,

the

sound of bursting. fusata, to be angry; ci.fushi. fusge, to pull out

;

see fisge.

the Hausas to represent the

sound of the English hard g. It sometimes represents the Arabic •*•; cf. galadima,

ganduy

etc.

har

ga, to, at, for, towards;

fushe, to take out; seefshe.

ga

fushi, pronounced fhushi (Ar.

upon, kitsa ga near

ga baya

until, as far as, bisa to,

;

I

ga

94

ga behind

ga and a are

;

fre-

quently interchanged.

an imperative, gashi wanan behold this one, gashi see

ga shi nan stop thief

!

!

ga, or rather -nga,-rga, -Iga sing,

and pi. this, these ; cf wuringa this place, akwialga this .

goat,

f.

ya taji gdba gareni he went in front of me, yin gdba or chin gdba to advance, gdba ga in front

g§,ba, before, in front

of,

over against,

;

gdba, gd-

hama later on, gdbania na samu kurdi later on 1 shall get some money the form ;

gdban

used

is

position,

front

in

a

as

before gSiba,

pi.

he

lit.

preshi

of.

ne gdbansu duka he greatest,

is

the

is

great

of the body,

F

175 shi karya

cut

all

their limbs.

gaba,

pi.

gabobi, the

white bird with goose

in

lives

it

the battle was on the point of starting.

g^ba, a fathom. The measure is the span of the outstretched arms,

gaba, gachi, bank, shore, gabachi, eastward cf. gabas. gabadai, gabadaia (lit. with ;

single

front),

bagarua,

(cf.

q.v.,

a kind of acacia

tree.

gSibas, gS,baz, east, eastwards,

gabata, gabache, to go before gabdta da to take a thing to,

masugabata those who lived in former times, to

come

together

{manzo),to come to announce, gabatoni come here to

of a

gabduwa,

ruin

;

fall

me

fall

in,

!

into

see gubchi.

a kind of wax.

beak

gabji, field mouse;

wild

gabo, a

damshi upper

face

to,

bring

towards,

name

trees,

at

gabarua, and by metathesis

gabche, to

red

together,

the same time or place.

will

('?).

g^ba, forearm

cf.

qyauji,

fool.

gaboba, an eye-tooth, gache*, to slip; see gubchi. gachi, brass, copper.

arm).

gaba, masc. heart ;

;

it

break their bones,

which

gaba, war, enmity abokin gdba enemy, anazaman gdba

gabato,

all.

gabobi, joints or limbs

kashi shi yenke duk gabobi will

heart failed me. faduar gaba loss of heart.

ga, to see; frequently used as

here

gachi

cf.

pi.

gababi, bosom,

gabana yafadi

my

gachi, geche, shore

;

gdba (or

gechen) kogi the near bank of

;;;

a stream as opposed to ketaren kogi the far side. gada, pi. gadu, oribi antelope

found in hareiva. under Hausaland, g&da, ground nut see geda. g&da, an exclamation of joy used by women whilst dancing and throwing their arms for list of antelopes cf.

;

back.

succeeded by. red

-

inheriting.

gado, an

official

who has charge

of treasure.

gafa,ka, gufaka, small leather satchel, case for a book.

gafara (Ar. jA^), forgiveness,

ku

D

;

34 kuna roko

and obtain pardon C 46 allah ya hisu da gafara God follows them with kindness ; aikin gafara an act of kindness; ka yi mini gafara excuse me cf. sa gafara pray ;

flanked

prov. rashin facia yafi

an

gafara avoidance of quarrelling is better than the quest for pardon.

dinker.

gadanga, very

strong,

epi-

thet especially applied to a

neman

gaferta or yin gafara, to

lion.

interference,

te-

merity.

for-

give, excuse. gS,fiya, pi. gafiyoyi, a large rat,

gade, to inherit see gada, gadegi, a grass eaten by horses. g3.do, pi. gdddje, gddashi, bed ;

lit.

snake's

of a

herb in

gddon machiji, bed, the

oc-

compound magado or maigado an heir; gddowa curs in the

!

gadan - kurmi

.

gado, inheritance, usually

kindness

gada, gade, gado, to inherit Gr. p. 138, 1. 39 zasu cf. gadowal saraki they will be the inheritors of kings, gada da to have as heir, to be

gadaunia,

gag^ra

95

gada

name

which snakes are often found. gado (pronounced gyado), f. gadonia,

pi.

(Kanuri

id.),

domestic hog

gadodi,

gaduna

wild boar; the is

called gur-

suna.

gado, bird with yellow breast about the size of a thrush.

palm

rat.

gafiya, battle-axe, hatchet.

gaga

(S.),

folly,

thoughtless-

ness.

gagafa, a large bird, probably a species of eagle

;

it

eats

mice.

gagai, a tree from the roots of

which

is

made an aphro-

disiac.

gagaishe, to salute several in turn ; see gaida. gagara, to exceed in strength.

;;

;;

to overpower

ya gargaru

dawa

ta

;

ya gagara or

it is

gagara I was not

dawa (lit. the dawa was too much for me). ya gagareni it is too much

me

cf prov. lifidi

;

.

ya

fi

gagara hature ajia a coat of mail is too heavy for a broker's shoulder,

kafadan

dilali

too big for the

Arab as

stock-

in-trade, Gr. p. 98.

saw

gagS.ra, to

a

file

;

see

magagdra

gagara-bado, a bar used to see kagara. close a doorway gagata, followed by da to lose gagata da hainya to lose the way na gagata da shi I ;

;

understand

gaugawa, walking

fast or excitedly.

gage, gaga, to be

stiff

or be-

numbed, agaga tottering B 109 dunia agaga tsofua the world is old and totter;

;

farewell

gaisa

;

see kage.

gago, gagato (a word usually employed in a contemptuous sense), the most important man in a pagan (not Hausa) district.

coffee.

Coffee

(Ar. is

S^),

not used

salute

to

gagaishe to salute several in

turn

gaisua salutation.

;

gaigaye*, the gnawing of a head of millet. gainya, ganya, pi. gainye, gainyaye, leaf-blade, herb cf.

prov. ha

it is

man samct man gainye

dukan

not the beating of the

rain that hurts but the drip-

pings from the branches Gr.

;

cf.

p. 99.

gainye, fresh

gaira (Ar.

F

;

little

95 dan haki

fresh grass.

j-^^), less, e.g. (lit.

metin

200 less 20)

= 180; ha gaira

comiplete, e.g.

m,etin ha gaira

— 200 without

deduction

en daia ya yi

gaira

if

cf.

;

there was one short.

gaira, better

;

see gdra.

make good ha na iya gairashi I can make nothing of him cf gerta. The

gaira, to

;

;

participial

.

form gairawa

is

also used.

gaisa, to salute

;

gaishe, to salute

gahawa, gahwa

obj.),

thank, bid

to greet, salute,

gaira ashirin

haste.

gagawa,

see gaiya.

;

gaida, gaishe (with pron.

gainye a

it.

gagauta, gaugauta, to be in

ing

traders.

gala, assembly

ne da chiwo ha

or saw.

failed to

by the Hausas, but only by

Arab

impossible

able to eat the

for

gaishe \

96

gagara

see gaida. ;

gagaishe to

salute several in turn

gaida.

;

see

; ;

;

gaisua

97

gaisua,

greeting,

salutation,

tribute ;

it

was

esp. applied to

tribute paid to Sokoto;

see

gaiwa, the mud pterus) found in most of the W. African rivers and regarded as a delicacy to eat. Its length is about three feet. During the dry season the gaiwahur'ies itself in the mud, and according to the Hausa (proto-

fish

own

tradition eats its

During the wet season cretes fat in its tail

supplies

sufficient

tail.

it se-

which

nourisli-

for five or six

months

cf similar use of fat in camel's .

hump. At the approach of dry season, it forms a regular chamber in the mud, which it lines with a protecting coat of hardened mucus. When the rainy season returns takes to the water again. skeleton

is

it

Its

notochordal, and

a single vertical

fin

surrounds

the posterior part of the body. Its

tail

being

upwards

is

partly exposed to hardening of

mud and

rots

away and

occasionally breaks off so as to

leave a

scription

M. H.

is

used

making medi-

for

cine.

gaiya,

assembly

n.

;

a camp

yin gaiya to assemble suria gaiya juna they are gathering ;

(/aida.

ment

gajje

of

wound

for

de-

the gaiwa,

cf.

;

p. 54.

gaiya, a tree the root of which R. H. D.

together

cf gaiyata. .

;

gaiya, scorn, mockery.

gaiyata, to cause to assemble.

become

gS.je, to

gaje, to inherit

;

tired

;

see ga-

see gdji.

gajera, a short black and white viper (echis carinatus)

= ker-

hubua. gS,jere,

f.

gdjera, gdjeria,

jeru (Ar.

pi.

gd-

/-j-ai), short.

gS-jerta, gajarta, shortness.

g^jewa, gajiyawa, weariness, inability, failure from fatigue cf.

gazawa.

gaji,

to be tired, fatigued,,

gS,ji, gS,je,

faint.

gaji, gaje, to succeed as heir; cf.

gddo.

g^jia, fatigue.

gajimare, 1. clouds 2. a spirit in the form of an enormous snake which lives in wells, the male being red, the female blue it comes out at ;

;

night;

3.

the spirit of the

rainbow which hide

in

the

is

supposed to

clouds

till

it

emerges in the form of the rainbow. gajje, a pool of water. 7

«

;

gamawa

98

g3,la gS,la, galla,

a small black odor-

ous bee = rakua.

galadima, official,

galmuna and

galem,i

a

large hoe bent back like a

galadimai,

pi.

and

civil

pi.

an

military,

probably from Ar.

j^^U^

small plough;

gam*, a

kariegalma.

cf.

locust which

pound-

is

make arrow

ed in order to poison.

the plur. of ^UL*. a

title

given

head of police etc, in Egypt and Arabia cf prov. ido da ya ga sariki hai ya tsoro galadima, i.e. he who has seen the king will not be afraid of his minister the word has probably come through the to

;

.

;

g^ima,

complete,

to finish,

1.

dan karam,in abu gdma dunia a very small

join

;

riddle,

cf.

thing, but the world

is

not

Ans. complete without it. The moon. 2. to form a plot or conspiracy

;

with wayo or

kai to use stratagem

gdma

;

Bornuese, the suffix orna corre-

kai da, gdm,a haki da to con-

sponding to the Hausa prefix

gdma fuska to meet face to face cf gamawa, gamshe, gamu, gangam^a.

ma

or 7nai

;

cf.

galadimanchi,

chiroma. or

galadan-

chi, the office of galadima.

galala, a find, treasure-trove.

galan-kumburi, a round blue bead.

galkadi.

galgasa,

gargasa,

a

hairy

person.

galhanga, a

fool.

gali, a sickness prevalent during

the wet season.

galkadi, garga.di, warning B 136 ji galkadi to listen to warning, D 30 m,u7ia galkadi gareku we warn you. gallo, a hard and transparent

gSma, gama,

(S.),

garma

(K.), q.v.,

.

because, because to suit, please

;

of,

cf

.

gam-

she.

a

moth with red

abdomen, white thorax, and black and orange wings. gamafada, a tree with a yellow flower like laburnum. gamagari, a species of kola nut ; see goro.

gamata*,

D

14

a

fainting

fit.

gamatoro, a

large, black

and

red, edible caterpillar covered

with yellow spikes.

gSmawa, gether

salt, rock-salt.

;

;

gamadidi,

galgade, gargadi, to guide, instruct; M. H. p. 228; see

galma

spire with

shake.

;

mixing, joining to-

gamawan hanu hand

gamba gamba,

gambob%

pi.

i^iiiiiea-corn mixed

flour

of

with water.

gambo, a child born after twins; see gumbo.

gambu,

gamzaki

99

door of a house made

of wood.

gamdare, a bow used ning cotton garni, garni

in thin-

see ganderi.

;

da or game da,

to-

gamo, ganwo, head

carrier's

a pad on ;

a

gumo.

see

gamon-katar, gamon-katarta (S.), good fortune, luck, from Katar the name of a man who had extraordinary good luck according to a popular story.

gamraka,

crested crane

see

;

gether with, concerning; abin

goraka.

gamin magani that which is needed to mix with medicine,

gamshe,

the complement.

gamani it pleases me. gamsheka, a snake see gum-

gS,mi,to curse, abuse; seegumi.

gS,mLinbanta, two trees planted together so as to grow into

gamiinbauta, two odd shoes. gamji, gumji, ganji, genji

;

sheka.

followed

gS,m.u,

b}^ da,

1.

to

bauren

rafi,

etc.),

gamji,

C

2\ en ta

gamu fa

she meet (or agree)

if

with thee ; to join or be joined

A 7 ya gamu da wuta he comes to the fire 2. gamu da mache to cohabit with ranan gamu the day

chedia,

kawuri,

;

da kai

one of

bauren-faddam-

others, are all

thing

baure (with

(ficus sp., Urticaceae),

the rubber trees,

durumi, wa, and

names

of dif-

together

;

;

;

fixed for beginning war, or

and

the day for meeting, or the

yield milky juice having

time of meeting with one; rangam,u id., D 8, 29 ; 3. to

ferent all

meet so as to fit, ya gam^heni or ya

to ;

meet with someone or some-

one.

ma

to suit

some

species of ficus,

of the properties of rub-

ber, that of

gamji being the

first

collect,

assemble

;

kurdin

The

gamu tax paid to native kings

baure and durumi have sometimes sufliicient succu-

mallams; iorm = gangamm^ to fall foul of, run up against. gamurji*, to embrace. gam.zaki, morning star; see

best of those mentioned. figs of

.lence to be edible;

cf.

tabor

ni-ka-samu.

gamki, gwamki, an image; see gumki.

for the support of

intens.

gomdazaki.

7—2

;

.

gamzaro

100

gamzaro, the headman

a

in

;

crets

talk

se-

gdnawa, understand-

;

ing, friendly relations; ha ta

kara ga7iawa da shi she broke intimacy with him.

off

ganba, ganbo,

to eat too

much.

ganbu (S.), a door. gancheruwa, hollow- backed gandama, gyandama,

a ca-

labash used as a water jug.

a

gaiidaye,

gandua^

destitute

pi.

per-

of

gama

;

gando, a man who works, but receives only food, not money,

as wages. a breakwater, used for

catching

fish.

gandu, gundu, tribute; kurdin gandu tribute money, tax. gandu, pi. gandai, a large farm, esp. applied to an official farm attached to an office as part of the emolument of its

to join),

together, to

mix

E

;

7 agan-

dukiansu let their goods be gathered together, gangamav-a^ F 88, pass, ana kuma aangajnawa it is also confluence of rivers.

gangami,

a large drum, a pro-

yin gangamin azumi to proclaim end of a ;

fast.

gangamu, mu,

intens.

form

of ga-

q.v.

specially used of a

yellow powder

made from

pounded root

of a tree used

the

for affections of eyes.

gangan

(possibly an abbrevia-

da gangan on purpose. ganganchi, purpose, intention. gangante, to push into the water and drown, gangara, gangari, to roll down, to jump down, descend pass. gangaru to be rolled down. tion of gani-gani)

:

;

gangarawa, rolling, F 153,

165.

gangare, gangara, pi. ^mi^arw, a steep incline, declivity, the foot of a mountain.

gangaria, a kind of guinea-

holder.

gane, to see

i

form to put up

gama

gangamu,

son.

ganderi, a reed instrument like a miniature bow used in thinning and cleaning cotton cf hakan shiba, masahi. gandi, a large cowrie-shell.

gando,

drum

(a reduplicated

clamation

see gantseruwa.

f.

gangu7ia, large

joined^together, magangamif

sore, ulcer.

gande, gyande,

pi.

gangama

hero.

to

ganga,

used by soldiers.

city in time of war.

gamzo, champion, gana yin gdna

gangaria

;

see gani.

J

;

gangaro

yin gani to

sight;

n.

amina ruined to

see.

gani, to

gane (with

pron. obj.),

behold

frequently

see,

;

contracted to ga or

hira

gd-

gari.

na ganshi

shi behold him!

saw

gara

101

gangaro, rolling down. gangawari, a herb supposed be an aphrodisiac. gani,

;

I

used metaph., to

;

town-walls, so

from Amina a mythical queen who wandered about the world, walled cities springing up in a day whercalled

ever she stopped.

ganwo, a

carrier's

pad

see

;

gamo.

ganya,

gara

leaf

see gainya.

;

jU

Ar.

(cf.

in, to trade),

think, to think advisable, see

the small addition which the

with the mind, comprehend

seller is

abinda na gani or in

my

in

is,

opinion, e.g. abinda

na gani ya tafi

my advice

my

thing for us

fi anfani sai mu opinion the best

to go

is

;

gani

is

sometimes used as a substane.g. ina murna da ganinka I am glad to see (lit. at the sight of) you ; gano, tive,

ganu, to look closely

get

at,

a good view of; ganene^ ga-

ganenu, seen. light-coloured ganjigaga, a kola nut; see goro. nenia,

pi.

ganna, rampart see ganwa. gano, to see see gani. gantseruwa, gancheruwa, gantsarwa, gantsara, to be ;

;

hollow

backed,

of

a

pack

animal to be overladen to bend the back inwards in ;

dancing.

ganwa,

rampart or wall round a town ; ganwarpit, ditch,

expected to

make

to

the value of the article sold

by him on the completion

When

the purchase.

a

of

man

buys nuts or anything else in a small way, he gets his fifty or a hundred cowries worth and so many extra thrown in for luck

this addition is

;

the gara;

called

ena gara

= how much are you going to give

me

into the bargain

gara, gaira,

hdka

it is

en tsaya to stop

;

it is

better so,

.

;

better for

it is

cf

?

gara ni gara

better

me

gwanda.

g3>ra, pi. garani, termites (ter-

mesbellicosus), usually known as white ants

;

gara

is

some-

times used of ants generally

gara

is

properly applied only

to the female white ant, the

masc.

gara

is

zdgo.

(usually pronounced gy-

ara),

to

prepare, to put a

;

to^ arrange matgara kaya to get ready a load, gara hainya to pre-

thing right, ters

garera

102

gara

;

way

pare a

gerta,

;

q.v.,

is

probably a secondary form of

;

rejoice at a marriage;

2.

a

will follow.

gardama,

dispute; see gerda-

raa.

gardaye,

see gardi.

;

skilful, especially in

war.

gardi, gerdi,

f.

gardia^ savoury,

geda tana da gardi the

e.g.

ground nut has a

feast.

garafini or garafunu, a bitter plant, its leaves used in

making

sauce, fruit red.

ment with long oval body, bigger than a molo, also used

kind of zithern.

garaje, impatience;

hurry

ha

ha kariji

cf.

not

is

garaji, a grass eaten by horses.

Ar.

4-«tj^,

money paid

debt,

to a king

for permission to travel

;

also

used of any kind of tax maikarhar g. tax collector.

garama*

or

dan-garama, a

gare,

to, at,

(K.), a reed.

garara, one

who

has defective

modern

Arabic

;

garatse, a point.

see garaje.

jUc,

^^ jU^ = gareni I have. garas,

garasa,

thus

The garai

and gare are sometimes used instead of gareshi

use of gare, a moi.

c'est

for this

;

cf.

also

It

is

French

often pre-

ceded by ddga, hisa and kusa, dag a gareni from me, kusa gareshi

near

to

him,

htsa

it.

gare, a boy's game. gare, a cricket. gare,

sight.

garashe, haste

Its use with

unto.

pronominal suffixes corresponds to that of ga with nouns. Used with them it

garesa upon

raised ridge.

garanya

gardawa, a

Hausa snake-charmer who

forms

(cf.

fine flavour.

pi.

expresses possession, like the

garaje

strength.

garama

gardi, gerdi, begs, beggar.

garaiya, guraiya, karaiya, a two stringed musical instru-

tax),

(K.), a first present

given as a sign that a larger

gardawa

gara.

gara, 1. a wife's or relative's marriage presents given to yin gara to a bridegroom

for a

garauwa

pi.

garuruka,

tobe.

garera, oesophagus.

a

white

;

;

garewa garewa,

of hagare^ a chief-

pi.

it

up ?

give

tain.

gargd.da, to warn,

galkadi,

i.q.

it

mu

Ans.

haka we

you.

gari, flour,

gari*, a minute,

q.v.

garg&dl,

warning,

n.

teach-

ing.

garikaye* beanstalks used as food for camels cf. M. H. ;

gargami, garkami, strong

in

p.

63.

garike, gerke, garge,

war.

garg&ra, to exceed in strength

gari-

pi.

kuna, gerkuna^ garuga,

1.

a

place where cattle are kept

see gdgdra.

gargasa, galgasa, a hairy per-

by

night, stall, fold

;

2. flock,

herd,

son.

gargasa, gargaza, pi. gargasu, a large fish with white scales below and red tail. garge,

pi.

shed gari,

garr

103

garuga

(S.),

cattle

garurua,

pi.

crane

;

see goraka.

gario, a missile knife, a kind of

sword with three cutting

blades used for throwing,

see garike.

;

garimaka, garmaka, crested

garuruka,

garu, garigaru,

country,

1.

town, frequently used of a small town as contrasted with

gariwaji*, strong in war.

gariwoya, to mix

see gar-

;

waya.

«

garje, a scab, sore. ^

town; 2. sky, the phrase gari ya waye

birni a large in

the day dawns,

lit.

the place

becomes light; dunia ya waye is used in the same way gctri ina wolkia it ;

lightens, gari yai

sky became dark

Hence to,

;

3.

place.

gari(n)j to, in order

garin shan iska in

e.g.

order to drink the '

dufu the

enjoy the fresh

air, i.e.

air,

ya

to

taji

garin yawo he has gone for a walk

;

cf

.

ku hani gari (in = do you give

asking riddles)

garkami, strong

war

in

see

;

gargami. garki, garikine, cavalry with shields.

garkua, gerkua, ^arA;mi, shield,

kinds of shields

gariki^

pi.

Fordiflerent cf.

kwungura,

kutufani, kunkeli, etc.

garma

(K.), a large hoe bent back like a small plough see ;

galrna.

garmaka,

crested crane

;

see

goraka.

garowa*, a

fine

male

slave,

garr, quickly, used of running

;;

garu ya yi

gudu garr he was

ta

a shot.

off like

hat;

word

the

occurs

in

garunfa,

who

frequently

the phrase danq.v.,

a trader

i.e.

carries his goods

upon

his head.

garwashoshij

pi.

burning

cinders,

f

gasashia,

.

charcoal

by wuta

usually followed

gawoi.

pi.

gasasu,

2.

roasted.

caught, of afire;

gase, with

yi,

to refuse to keep a

promise, also to announce the intention of doing something

without really meaning gSiShi,

wutar gdshi to gashi,

cf gesa. .

hair or wool of men,

1.

sheep,

etc.;

feathers

2.

birds, sahon gashi

single hair, cf

taswa gashi

very

i.e.

.

it

a single hair gashi,

to cook by.

fire ;

it.

warming;

roasting,

n.

gashi, vomiting

garura, a red dye, brought as a powder from the East, used for staining the hands and for dyeing silk.

garwashi,

gasashe, 1.

garn, a wall, a building. garunfa, garumfa, a straw

cf.

gaskanta

104

ga

down

of 3.

;

a

F

144 kararata was narrow as

(cf.

Fulah gasa).

shi behold it

common form

a

!

of excla-

garwaya, gariwoya, to mix, mix together, pass, garwayu.

mation to attract attention to

gasa, an exclamation of

at this

dis-

content or resentment.

gasa*, to be tired M. H. p. 149 for

;

gashi,

used

in

;

yin gasa, or gashe to

to

in

cf.

make a

large

naman

wanan

look

fem. form gata.

the

mugim

phrase

quarrelsomeness, bad

gashiere, short, M. H.

tire

p.

173

for gajere, q.v.

gashimare,

imitate.

g^sa,

gashi,

!

disposition.

gaje.

gasa, imitation, rivalry, emulation

anything; gashi

clouds,

see

etc.;

gajlmare.

sawa meat for cooking gasa hanu to warm the hands.

gaskami, a food prepared from the fruit of the dor owa tree. gaskanta, gaskata, to establish

gasaiya, a herb the leaves of which are used as a vegetable

a person of the reality of any-

to bake, roast

;

gd-

;

(Gynandropsis Capparideae)

;

pentaphylla, cf.

yar-ungwa.

gasara, interj. a cry of astonishment.

the truth of a thing, to assure thing, to speak truly che

;

cf.

/mi

duba ba gaskanta che we

say that divination

be trusted.

is

not

to'

;

gaske and da gaske, cf.

true, truly

trust,

certainty,

truth,

or fern,

masc.

gaskia,

righteous-

da gaskia truly, cerbada gaskia or yin

;

tainly

;

gaskia- to believe, ba gaskia

to speak the truth, used of a judge ba or bada gaskia to acquit, gaskia ne it is really so,

marasgaskia false

ban-

;

gatanchi,

prosperity

happiness,

dayi

;

gata,

yar

gata a boy or girl of good position ya yi mani gata he ;

has brought g&ta,

pi.

me

gataye, spy, sentinel,

man

on watch up a

on a

tree, or

height.

gata or gatan biri, large monkey with red belly. gata, the day after the day after to-morrow, the third day cf. ;

buttock 2.

maigato a fat

;

bottom, foundation,

gaton darni bottom of a

fence.

gatsa, to bite off gatse,

to

a stump.

n.

:

vomit

gashi,

cf.

;

gesa. g3ba,

hdbohij chin

pi.

habal-

;

cap

(crocodile's chin) a

kdda

with two

flaps to cover the

habaichi, pi. Aa6ai^ai,

1.

abuse;

yin habaichi to abuse behind one's back ; 2. signs between two men understood by them but not by spectators; a

innuendo conveyed by use of a proverb 3. a fable or riddle, maihabaichi masofada wanda ya covert

sneer,

or

tanka ko ya fishi the

who

is

man

sayings

full of trite

The com-

warning

tion,

moner

forai is laberta. q.v.

habki, wild onion or leek. h&bo, bleeding from the nose. habri, harbi, to kick, used of a horse.

habshi,

bark

n.

habuma,

ears.

;

see hafshi.

the rise and

a

fall of

man's breathing, also used of boiling water ; cf. habama.

hachi, hatsi, corn

see a^hi.

;

hachin-tumkia, a

tree;

see

jiri.

had,

until, i.q, har, q.v.

h3,da,

to pile up, bring to-

1.

complete;

gether,

A

11

ta

kan hada maka riguna it will heap up for you tobes, A 51 ahddasu chikin wuta they be brought together in

rejoices in a discussion, the

shall

man who answers may

hada hanu da to hada tajia to go together, hada da to meet. A neuter form hddu is found; cf. ba su hddua they will not assimilate cf idiom ya hddu tafariki he entered the road hadan zare intertwined

sur-

pass him. '

hade

127

habaka, used of a fire, habaki*, pi. habaka

to catch. (cf.

Ar.

ill.**., cloud); B 169 habakal kamshi clouds of incense,

habama*, water,

habdi

D

to

expand as boiling

owe

;

;

;

.

cotton staples.

(S), ashes,

word),

it

form of kado^

haberta (Ar.

hadaka, is

a

plural

q.v.

jli-),

1.

to ex;

2.

to

hahertawa*^ declara-

pi.

haddku, stranger,

a new-comer.

hadama, chika

plain, declare, publish

warn,

fire

;

65; see habuma.

habe, indigenous tribes (a Fulani

the

greed, coveting;

ya

hadama he accomplish-

ed his desire. hS,dari, storm

hade, hadie,

;

see hdderi*

to swallow ;

hadu

:

h&deri to

Mji

128 swallowed

be

;

hadiya

swallowing. pi.

hddura,

the limit of the

law, the law ; ya keta hddi he broke the law.

haifafe,

haifafa,

f.

pi.

,

haifafuy

haifua, birth birth

(cf.

Ar.

%t>ju». ii),

to

D 5 zamu explain, declare fa hddichi akan majia kalami ;

we is

speak out

will

anyone to

if

1

tun haifua from

;

haifua, also the be-

;

getting

children

of

;

allah

was

hai hashi haifua ba he

h3.dichi*

.

pass, particip. of haife^ born.

storm, flood, rain-cloud. j.»-),

be delivered

to

1.

to be confined.

2.

hMeri, hMari, hS.di (Ar.

haifu,

there

our

listen to

childless.

haiinchi, haiyinchi (cf. Ar. ^l». deceived), 1. alloy or metal with which alloy has been mixed 2. fig. deceit, ;

words.

fraud.

hafarn, a trench at the bottom of a grave.

hafshi, hapshi, habshi, haushi, hamshi*, barking; yin hafshi to bark.

hageni he wheedled

me

2.

adamawa as far as Adamawa, E 50 hai mu wushe till we pass by 47 hai

—

haiba*, beautiful clothing. haifa, haife (Ar. rt ou*.), forth,

path of

faith,

custom, *

musulmi those who cf.

tafariki.

haiya, an expression of regret I

am

sorry.

haiya, a hoe

;

see hauya.

haiyeta, haiyS.ta, to trouble, to

annoy

;

see haiya.

haja, anything exposed for sale,

goods; ci.Jaja, 1.

hajetu*, the vowels.

to bear, of

beings, animals, trees

hSji, 1.

of the male, to beget;

B

2;

road, way, street;

1.

continue in the ways of Mus-

and plants; mahaifia a mother;

pi.

E 1 8 masuzama ga hain-

sulmans;

.

human

;

yoyin

tish.

to bring

fig.

etc.

hagu, hagun, hagum, left hand cf hauni. hai*, a form of the particle

E

and fem.,

ya

hS,gU, a small spear or dart for

har;

hanya, hay a*,

hainyoyi, used both as masc.

into

(lending, etc.).

;

hainya,

hata hainya to lose the way;

hS,ge, to blarney, deceive;

catching

haila (Ar.), menses of a woman.

pi.

hajoji (Ar.

pilgrim;

2.

rt

9«ki,

pi.

grass

;

;

weed

with

sharp

grass

is

hdkukua, a kind of 95 akawo dan hdki

F

little

new

brought and pressed

down. hakia, hekia, hakanya,

R. H. D.

hakukua,

aspera,

grass,

dis-

pi.

of hdki^

q.v.

hakumche, hakumchi,

see hakumta.

hukumchi,

order, command;

ease of the eyes, esp. applied

to leucoma.

spicules

directed downward, hence its

Am arantaceae)

gasping, panting.

gainye aduntse a

hak-

probably a corruption of hakorin machiji a

hakori

name (Achyranthus

belu.

h&ki

;

hauri, q.v.^

2.

1.

judgment;

D59, hal allah shi wanya hukumchi nai ga hayi until God hath finished His judgment 9

;

hakumi

130

upon His servants, M. H. ya gama wanan hakumchi God hath accomp. 209, allah

plished

all

this

maihukum,-

;

chi or raahajcumchi judge.

^^iC^), to order, to

sariki shina

king directs

command

;

hakumtasu the them, M. H.

hakure,

])atience

;

to

show

see hanhuri.

hakurchi, mahakurchi

;

indication, expectation

cf

;

sama yana halamun yin rua the sky looks like rain

da halamunshi

;

shina

looks like

it

h3,lara, to appear in court, to

come

to a meeting.

halas, lawful

154.

hakura,

haii

him.

hakumi (Ar.), power, influence. hakumta, hakumche (Ar.

p.

.

see

hankuri.

halasa

see halal.

;

(Zanf.), to destroy

;

cf.

falasa.

halbi, halbe, harbi,

1.

charge a bow, gun,

to dis-

ya da kibia he discharged an arrow, ya halbi bindiga or da bindiga he fired a gun 2. to shoot or hit with a bow or gun, ya halbeni etc.;

halbi kibia or

;

hal, as far as

;

see har.

haia,ka(Ar. jLii

G

ii),

to destroy;

2 2/a halakasu he destroyed

them

ya halaka

;

lialaka, n. (Ar.

it is lost.

he hit or shot me, akahalbeski da kibia he was shot with an arrow 3. of serpents, insects, ;

a5CJLa),

destruc-

etc.,

to sting;

4.

to kick;

cf.

tion, misfortune, disaster.

prov. halbi atvutsia yajikus-

halal, halas, or hallata* (Ar.

kure to hit in the tail is better than to miss, damisa da wu-

^J.^),

what

is

lawful, proper,

becoming, pure, ceremonially clean

;

opposed to haram.

halalchi, purity, propriety.

yan halbewa the leopard

halallabi f req. to shoot

halalta, halatta, halasta, to

be lawful ; halalta ga to permit.

halama, perhaps, cf.

it

may be

is

hard to shoot ; naman halbi game which has been shot; of

many

halbo implies motion to-

;

wards shot

;

ya halbo maka ita he an arrow) at you.

it (i.e.

seq.

h^li,

halama (Ar.^^),

anything put in a book as a marker 2. a mark on the ground. 1.

halam.u, appearance, evidence,

^~T.

pi.

halaye

manner,

(cf.

Ar.

mode,

peculiarity, fashion,

^jt».),

custom, charac-

teristic, trait, e.g. sata

barao, theft

is

hdlin

characteristic

;

.

hamzari

131

halichi of the thief

2.

;

temper, dis-

suna karfi hali they

position ;

have a hard disposition.

under-joints of the little toe, see

kudumbia

halichi*, to cvQa.tQ=halita, q.v. haliki, haliiki* (Ar.), creature.

halita* (Ar. J^), creature, F 208 sahon haUta creation

cf

;

*

.

Hausa-

152.

land.

hamburki, hanburki, the name of a cake (massa) made with wheat, also applied to large balls of flour used in

;

a new creation

creature),

making soup {fura).

which one

hamfude, hamfudi,

(i.e.

also the state in

was created, one's appearance maikeaun halita the goodlooking man shugaban halita bill the Lord of both worlds. ;

halita, halichi, talita*, to create.

hamila, pi. hamllu ( Ar. dS^;^^, sword-sling, usually

halshe,

halshi,

harshi,

tongue, tion,

1.

the tongue;

language,

made

of

pi.

also used for the cord

silk,

halshina,

eat

to

throw into the mouth; hamjuden gari rolling flower into little balls and thro wins: them into the mouth to

greedily,

2.

enuncia-

pronunciation; halshin

which

carries the dalailu.

hamiya,

rivalry.

wuta flame. halshin rago or halshin tum-

hamsa (Ar.

kia, a shrub with large white

sand, the

heads of flowers (Protea

being the ordinary equivalent

halwa*

(Ar.),

sp.).

maihalwa

a

hermit.

h&ma, gaping; yin hdma

to

five

;

a,.>..o^ ),

num.

card.

often used for five thou-

Hausa word

biar

hamsa miya 500.

for five,

hamshi,

to bark

hamsin

(Ar.

;

see hafshi.

^.j.....^^.^,),

card.

gape.

hamada

(cf.

1

Ar. rt ju^a),

desert, stony plain.

hamadanchi, n. canter. hamaktiku, a Hausa cloth. hamata, pi. hamatu, arm-hole, arm-pit.

hambudiga,

num.

fifty.

hamso*, a small branch or twig. hamsoro, a fool. hamzari, hanzari, also excuse

;

n. purpose,

gajeren hamzari

a poor excuse;

D

76

muna

zua gidanmu we hasten to our homes, da ham-

ainhum, i.e. a disease which causes painful

hamzari

cracking of the skin in the

zari hastily.

9—2

;

hamzarta

hamzarta (K.), hanzarta, hamzanta (S.), to hasten, accelerate.

hS.na,

to

1.

restrain,

ha 2.

A

hinder,

prevent,

51 en bai hdnasu

he restrain them not;

if

withhold, deny, refuse, say

In buying and

no.

na hdna — I

selling

refuse the offer

made, or I decline to do business, Jhdnawa refusing, refusal ; F 1 6 shi ne ko karimu da ha hdnawa He is gracious

and refuses not; ya hdna masa ddga laifi ov ya hdna masa kdda shi yi laijii he prohibited him from doing wrong hana takama (pre;

vent

boasting)

a

creeping

plant with prickly capsules.

h^nani, is

which used for washing newly

bom

tree the sap of

hurki.

see

hantsi.

nose, nostrils;

cloves, a name based on likeness of clove to the stem by which the shea nut

fari

is

attached to the twig.

hanfude, to throw food into the mouth see hamfude. hanga, hangi, hange, to look ;

out

gaze afar in hope of

for,

na hangeshi ddga nesa saw him from afar; hango

seeing ; I to

espy,

i.e.

to

before

see

the speaker, ya hangoni he

was the first to espy me, ya hangoka he caught sight of you before you saw him. 1

swelling caused by

.

the guinea- worm ;

2.

hangarma*, a deep throat

hani,

a beetle.

pit.

a swelling

on the

hangara.

cf.

;

n. prohibition;

anyi hani

was prohibited see hdna. hania, noise see hayania. haninia, neighing yin haninia it

hanchi, early morning;

1.

in the phrase hanchin kade hanchi the twis: o or stem which holds the fruit of the shea butter tree (kade), used in Sokoto for kanun-

hangum,

children.

hanbare*, to kick away. hanburki, a cake; see ham-

hanchi, hanshi*,

hanchi, found

hangara,

giddiness.

hanau, a

hankaka

132

;

;

;

pi.

hantuna,

hanun han-

chi the trunk of an elephant

goran hanchi bridge of the nose 2. the knot made in ;

to neigh.

hanji,

1.

bowels;

hankada,

to

2.

raise

bobbin. up,

turn

over, overthrow.

hankaka,

pi.

hankaki, hankakv,

thread to prevent the strands

(corvus scapulatus

from unravelling.

about the

size of

?),

a crow

a raven,

its

; ;

;

hankali body

hantsaki

133 black, its breast

is

and

ku hankuri or hankuri be patient

or resignation,

ku

a rim round the necli white.

yi

tashi his heart is disturbed,

2. comfort, consolation, ya hada masu hankuri he comforted them ; ya ki hankura he refused to be comforted cf. prov. mahakurchi mawa-

tashin hankali despair, shiga

dachi the patient

hankali to be prudent;

man, enda maiguda ya je anhankura maitafia ya je

hankali,

hankulla^

pi.

sense,

prudence, forethought, foresight, care sibly,

;

da hankali senhankali ya

prudently

;

cf.

M. H. p. 202, hankalina bai kwanta da kowa sai ke I rely upon you (f.) alone for advice hankullansu duka sun tashi they lost heart, shiga hanka-

maida

linka be reasonable,

hankali take ca.re,yin hankali to recover, e.g.

from a swoon,

also to take notice

of,

to be-

ware of, maihankali prudent. hankalta, to be prudent, to understand.

hankaltilo

(Kanuri

id.),

a

small spear for throwing.

hankamia,

man

is

the

rich

the traveller with patience arrive

will

whither the going

is

;

place

runs

hankori Tnaganin

dunia patience for

the

at

man who is

everything;

the remedy cf.

hakure,

hakura.

hano, a

hansa

species of acacia tree.

(Zanf.), see /ansa.

hansari, to snore; cf. minshari. hanshi, nostrils ; see hanchi. hanta, anta, liver; F 198 umta ta chisu har ta chinyi hanta

a common weed (Waltheria Americana, Bu-

consume them up their liver; cf. malakan kdre da hantan kura the property of a dog a

ettneriaceae).

hyena's

a

which

disease

affects the breathing.

hankufa,

liankula, attention

;

see han-

kali.

hankura,

to be patient see seq. ;

hankiiri, hakuri,

hakurchi, ness,

1.

hankura or

patience, meek-

resignation,

forbear-

ance ina hankuri or ina yin hankuri I show patience ;

the

fire shall

till

it

is

eats

liver, i.e.

a thing he

not likely to get.

hantsa, udder. hantsaki, hansaki, tongs, pincers

;

cf.

ansaki, hantsakin

darma ka kai ha kawo ha

O

pincers of lead you bring iron (to the fire)

bring

it

but you do not

away..

;

hantsi

134

hantsi, two hours after sunrise, about 8 a.m.

hantukuria

(K.),

an abscess

hdnua or hdndye^ \7 ka tara hdnu

pi.

A

hand,

you put forth both hands; hdnun giwa elephant's trunk (cf. use of Lat. manus) hdnun rua a kind of nut, like a kola, brought from Yoruba; ;

wuka hdnu

lit.

sleeve knife,

a kind of short

sword

at-

tached by a leathern ring round the sleeve, used by the

Tuaregs;

M. H.

cf.

p.

216,

shina da yaki ahdnu he has a war in hand hdnu or hdnun riga sleeve, M. H. p. 206, ;

ya zama hdnun yaki he became a guide in the war; hdnu da hdnu hand and hand, i.e. cash down, ready money; ban hdnu shaking hands =

hdnun rafi a tribuhdnun giwa

masafiha',

tary

stream

(elephant's

;

trunk) also de-

notes a plant with a thick

and white flower. hanunrua, an edible nut in ;

cf.

hanwawa,

S.

gazari, sandalu.

chameleon = hawa-

inya.

hanya, way

;

see hainya.

hanzari, hanzarta, to hasten; see hamzari.

hanzirai

pi.

wild swine;

jij-^^),

(Ar. al-

cf.

hapshi, barking har, hal, used

till,

G

with nouns,

1.

mangi

see hafshi.

;

until, as far as

Mangi

as far as

1 ;

har a

in

har = nnt\\ hence it=:as as, including, cf. har zuhairu and Zubair 2. with adverbs or prepositions, har yanzu till now, up to the present time, G 1 har ya zua list

well

;

zamanin othmanu time of

Othman

;

until the in intro-

3.

ducing clauses and sentences, D 73 hal allah shi wanya hukumchi nai ga hayi until God hath finished His judgment on His servants har ;

is

by the parhar-da, hadda in

often followed

ticle

dai

'

;

order that

sometimes equivalent to even ; cf. Gr. p. 138, 1. 34, har saraki sun ; '

it is '

'

yi

kumya even

ashamed,

har

is

kings felt

sometimes

apparently used for as soon

stalk

Nigeria

hanzir*,

hanzir.

or tumour.

h^nu,

hara

as, cf. M. H. p. 222, har uhansa ya mutu as soon as his father was dead, har is sometimes used contemptu-

ously in expression har girraanka.

hara, to depart,

set out.

;

hario

135

harafi

haruffa (Ar. a letter of the alphabet, a

harafi,

as food for horses

pi.

dictionary

see harifi.

;

haraji (Ar. J^tJ^), a tax, also

;

cf.

prov.

dumu ga harawa

allah ski kai

ko ha shi chi shi hirgima God may bring a lizard to the dried leaves, if he does not

applied to lands attached to

eat he lies on the top of

certain offices of State tax

The dumu is specially fond of harawa leaves, even when

free.

haram

what

(Ar. j^^j^),

is

un-

cannot be done lawfully, anything ceremoniunbecoming, ally unclean, lawful

or

unjust; used in sense opposite

halal

to

abin haram

;

= haram.

hardmia unlawful gain or profit, e.g. from the chi haramia to sale of pigs ;

he cannot eat he likes to be near them. harbi, 1. to kick, of a horse, habri

cf.

know by

to

hardai,

F9

unlawful,

id.

harama, hazaina(Ar.), ness,

resolution,

haraman

harara*

firm-

yin

tafia to travel hard.

(Ar. jt/»-),

ateness,

F

8

duka give up 2.

zeal,

staring

at,

A;a

all

1

passion-

her harara proud looks

frowning, look-

harasa, reproof. harasa*, a white turban.

harawa, a name given to leaves or stalks of beans

and ground

heart.

know by

to

until,

heart.

in order that;

see har.

harerewa*, joyous

laughter.

hargagi*, to address angrily. hargi, pi. harugya, a small spear tied to the wrist, which is

thrown and pulled back. noise made by talk-

hargowa,

ing loudly or angrily;

yin

hargowa to howl. hS,ri,

a surprise slave-raid by

horsemen

ing proudly on.

cf.

;

anything which is unlawful, E 1 7 suna dubi haramu they is

shoot,

to

harbia, a bird see hashia. harda, used with sam,u to learn by heart, D 33 yin harda

hardache,

what

2.

;

halhi.

make unlawful gain, hardmu

behold

it.

;

mahdri a

raider.

harifi, hurufi, pi. harufai^ letter of the alphabet;

a

see

harafi.

hario,

haryo = har + yo

(cf.

nuts, e.g. haraivan wake, ha^

encore = banc horam), again,

rawan gujia. These are used

also;

in negative sentence,

; .

harkia

;;

ban samu hario I have

yet,

not found

it yet.

harkia, harikia, a grass eaten

by

and horses (Eleu-

cattle

sine Indical).

with pictures worked on worn by princes only. harsa (S.), a cartridge. harshi*, talk see halski. harya, a small fish.

it,

;

cf.

a

2.

;

light fi

fire,

or to

1.

to shine, give light

pi.

haskoki^ haskaikai,

F

229 fuskokinsu sun

;

wuta da haske

their faces

be brighter than fire maihaske full of light, B 167 shall

madina maihaske

hirni

bers.

the town of Medina ju«».), envy, jeal-

cf.

to trouble, torment

hasala ga,

to provoke cf harzuka ga. hasali (S.), kindness, goodness.

ever

quarrelling

;

masutsa-

a minaret.

(S.),

hatara, hutara, be careful complimentary salutation

a

!

es-

;

to suffer loss,

j-«».),

1.

A 33 sun hasara

alahira they shall suffer loss in the next world; ;

2. n. loss,

yin ha^dra to

lose,

hasashi, hasashe (cf

pecially addressed to a

man

on horseback and to a man of importance ya sha hdtari dayawa he ran a great risk. ;

hasara, asara (Ar.

waste, ruin

tutut

kaida hasuma peace-makers.

hasumia

prec.

hasali, esteem, respect.

is

full of light.

hasuma,

ousy.

h^sada,

of

to lighten, illuminate.

haske,

hdsa

light,

border at the bot-

silk

rake together expiring em-

hS,sada (Ar.

the

sty in

tom of a woman's dress. hashsha, an exclamation

2.

hasala ga.

h§.sa,

hashia,

haskaka,

ga, to defy, be angry

h^za, S,za, to wuta to light a

the eyes

pity or disgust.

;

harzuka

hasbia, hazbia, harbia*, 1. a bird rather larger than a pigeon with red rim round eye.

harsa, hirsa, hassa, a turban usually made of white muslin

with

hatumi

136

hatseri (Ar. jLUi-), hatsi, corn

hatumi

.

Ar.j^;*.^.,

to con-

sider carefully, to be in doubt.

;

(cf.

see hachi.

Ar. rt^».),

1.

a

a charm written on a board (alio) divided by lines seal

to listen, perceive),

danger,

peril; cf. hattara.

;

2.

into squares

washed

off

;

the ink

is

then

and the water

hau drunk as a medicine, or

to

hau,

to

hauda,

a shortened

ascend,

form of hawa, to

lift

up.

by twenty,

divisible

thus hauia biu forty, hauia hdkoi one

hundred and

forty.

Cf.

A 39 shi ne ya dauki wuri

ya

her

hauia dari he seizes cowry but loses two

one thousand cowries.

hauka,

shika yi

norant fool,

a fool

1.

kama hauka

man would

F 32

to

be

;

jahili

the

ig-

act like a

madness; maihauka,

2. folly,

mad

;

maihaukache a madman, hauka^he to be fierce or mad, to rage,

to

be

ecstatic,

hau-

madden. jhaukat yaro, a bush with white flowers, i.q. zakami q.v. hauni, left, hanu na hauni = hagu left hand. hauni (K.), an executioner. haura, to jump over. kata, causat. to

hauri, tooth, tusk

;

as-

prop. n. Hausa, the 3.

the

hausa, id.); hahaushe,

sawa, a Hausa, a

Hausa

A

nation.

concei\able

^\.

man

hau-

of the

remotely

explanation

the word hausa

is

that

of

it is

derived from Housal, a king of

Egypt who promoted the

worship of Astarte in Egypt. The Bornuese people have a

and the Hausas are descended from a son of this Housal who was of Phoenician origin and

tradition that they

B 13

;

hausar

;

Hausa Hausa country (kasan hausawa or kasan 2.

language.

q.v.

hauia, hoe ; see hauya. hauia, twenty, a score, used esp. in counting cowries with

sums

language, speech

banchi the Asben language.

secure anything desired.

3.

haushi

137

probably a

corruption of hakori

;

haurin

giwa ivory, haura is more commonly used in Sokoto, hakori in Kano. hausa, pi. harata, 1. tongue,

made a

great expedition into

the country of the blacks.

A

worship resembling that

of Astarte apparently existed

in very early times at

hausa,

to lift up,

M. H.

Kano. p.

230;

see haushe.

hausanfchi, that which relates to the Hausas, jin hausanchi to understand the Hausa language.

haushi, anger, dislike, vexation envy; yana jin haushi he feels angry, yana jin haushina he is vexed with me,

suna jin haushinsa they

dis-

like him.

haushi, to bark

;

see hafshi.

'.

;;

haushi

haushi, haushe or hausa, to horseback, lift up, e.g. on M. H. pp. 229 sq. a causative form of hawa. hautsina, to mix up together, ;

to intermingle.

hauya,

hauyu, hauyuna,

pi.

doki the regular expression

mounting on horseback

M. H.

maihawan dokinsa ya yi kaman mutane dubu goma his cavalry num216,

p.

bered abou 1 1 0, 000 ; of a spirit,

by mahayi* ladder; F 143 ankafa sirati atashi ahau the bridge shall to be possessed

hawo

it;

;

men

be set up,

upon

shall ascend

mount and

to

F

145 hawa nasa har tsawo nasa hahu wa-

wa

1

its

height,

height and

its

length

are the same, without doubt 2.

the

firmament,

lit.

the

hawayen zaki

;

yin hawaye to

A

20 for hainya,

shed tears.

hay a*,

road,

haya haya, ;

loud talking, alter-

cf.

hayania.

hS.yaki, smoke

;

jirigin hayaki

and jirigin wuta are expressions used on the R. Niger for steamboat ; yi^i hayaki to ;'

pour forth smoke, to smoke for to smoke used of tobacco, cf.

sha.

hayania, hania, noise

many men

hawoinya,

(K.),

hanwawa

(S.),

chameleon.

hawS,la, trouble, used for wohdla by metathesis.

hawartaki, tongs cf hansaki. hawaye, sing, and collective, tear, tears hawayen zaki (lit. lion's tears), marks cut on a ;

;

.

as of

conten-

talking,

tion.

haye, to provoke, fall upon, e.g. ya haye masu he fell upon them. self-instruction,

unau-

attempt to learn anything ha haye ne gddo ne used of a man learning thorised

;

his father's trade.

hayi

(S.),

the binding of arrow-

heads to the shaft

height.

hawainya

ground nut

haye,

ride towards.

hawa,

;

also used for a species of

cation

hawa, hau, to mount, to ascend ya hawa doki or ya hawa hisa

cf.

woman's face is

q.v.

hauyoyi, hoe.

for

hazakumchi

138

is

;

yin hayi

also used of laying grass

on a roof. hayi, to ford

mahaiyi a ford. hayinchi, deceit; see haiin;

chi.

hazakumchi*,

cf.

yaron narv

da ban hazakumchi yi ke thf boy is quick-witted.

;

hazama

hazama

zeal;

(Ar.),

see ha-

F

139 akare kua hisabi judg-

ment

rauKi.

hazbia, a pigeon hazi, corn

see haahia.

;

da hdzo misty;

fog,

false impres-

duhan hdzo a sion.

hekia, disease of the eyes

see

;

hakia,

hijra* (Ar. (a.d. 622),

bika, small

the Hejira

S^j^Jk),

;

F

is

completed.

hiska, wind

ahu hika a

little

homa,

boasting

hom.a

(S.),

(Ar.

4.oiC».),

wisdom.

koma,

see hdba.

;

huda, i.q.fuda

:

an

short in number.

hilata, to be crafty. 5

hima, hiimna diligence

;

zeal,

da hlma diligenj:, to show diligence,

maidahima

1^ ku yi berchi ku falaka

ka maida livma sleep and awake, rise up and show diligence,

hini

i.e.

(S.),

in worship.

conceit;

cf.

hira*, conversation

inya, to dig in a farm

B 86

hirsa,

a

white

seefira.

turban;

see

harsa.

hisabi

(S.)

;

na noma ko huda

gives

his

time to

and tilling; freq. form huhuda to make many holes in, nd huhudashi I will make him as full of holes as

huda, ridge between furrows ci.

fuda.

hudu*, four see fudu. huhu, covering of kola nuts; ;

^Qefufu.

huja

(Ar.

k

r^

reason, excuse ;

homa (K.). ;

to

a sieve.

5

5^),

(Ar.

bore 2.

fator-

he who farming

cowries

q.v., 1. to

tree, etc.;

hoe the ground with a

hilafa* (Ar. JiS^, wanting), used of

see/oma.

q.v.

tiiaikokari

expression

;

horo*j correction; seeforo. hiiba, an exclamation of aston-

hila, fila ( Ar. 4JL».), stratagem.

difference, inconsistency

see hulu-

a fishing net; for

a hole in a

hikima*

;

ku.

ishment

255.

thing.

a

see iska.

;

holoko, dust storm

see hachi.

;

hS^O, mist,

'f^.

huja

139

(Ar. w>U.».), .judg-

taimama

1.

aifair,

Abi

ya riha babu huja he

performed his ablutions with sand, though there was no reason for his doing so, B 10, 140 2. neglect of work, use;

ment, reckoning, arithmetic.

karti

rw),

lessness.

;

hujanta

;

140 wall of a city where farming

hujanta, to be in the right in a dispute.

is

huji, to pierce,

huji, to shirk or refuse work;

yin huji to cease work, kur-

din huji a

soldier's deferred

also applied to

be privately transferred.

B 171

en rara/e ina aza huskata

hukumchi,

order, etc.

me

see ha-

;

of

huluku, holoko, a dust

place

let

my

a quarrel. storm,

hutara*, be careful

or violent wind. to prevent ;

a person's

na humeshi

I pre-

vented his leaving. the iialf share of slaves or spoils paid to the

leader of an expedition after cf.

M. H.

see

!

Iid-

tara.

humushi,

a raid;

me

husuma, fusuina( Ar. 4-©3-tfi».),

hukumchi.

leaving

crawl, let

face on the ground.

kumchi.

hukumshi, a Sokoto form

•

;

farms which cannot

husanche*, irritated. huska*, face, iorfuska;

pay.

hume,

forbidden

official

rest =futawa, B 62. hutsu, huzu, fuzu, quarrelsome, unmanageable cf. dokin nan huzu ne ba shi foro

hutawa*,

;

hutsuba

p. 196.

humusi (Ar. j.;-.«.si-), one-fifth. huntu or funtu, naked. hura, to blow, hura majina to blow the nose see/ura. hurde*, bay horse; see fur de. hurtiuni, ox; see/urtumi. hurua, to put earth on the head as a sign of submis-

huware, a Fulani word

de-

noting the reed shelters used

by Fulani herdsmen; cf. Gr. p. 138, 1. 37, yan huware.

;

i

(Ar.

4jt),

yes.

It

denotes

that the speaker hears, but

sion.

huruchi, confession;

(Ar. iJai.), the read-

ing or preaching after prayer.

ci.

does

furu-

hurufi, a letter of alphabet see harafi.

huriuni (Ar. ^j^*.), any land with a prohibition attached to it, e.g. the land round the

not necessarily imply

acquiescence,

chi.

ii is

sometimes

used in Sokto for 'no.' i, i,

sometimes used for shi to conquer,

;

cf yi. .

overcome, su

masu they overcame them cf.

ima.

i

; ;

igia

141 i,

the procession outside a

a colloquial abbreviation of

2.

yi to do.

town towards Mecca, once a

iaka, limit

ibada

year, ending with the killing

see iyaka.

;

(Ar.

S^Uft),

service

of

ido,

B 47, D 51 kuna koka-

God,

;

kuna ihdda take

ri

of a goat. pi.

idanUy idanduna, idan-

danu, l.eye; idon ma^« squint,

pains,

idon kishimi blind it is employed, like the Ar., in various ;

God

serve

also used of ser-

;

vice to men. ibi,

e.g. 2. sight,

brought from Yoruba. *

ibiro, a small species of millet.

eblis

iblis,

and tropical uses, view; idon dunia in the sight of men; 3. chief B 76 duba ga bello idon malki

figurative

a variety of the kola nut

(Ar.),

the

evil

spirit.

nai behold Bello, the ruler over his kingdom

iblu, ibru, a small grain used,

when ground

up, for gruel,

soup, cakes, etc.

iche, a tree

idon kafa

Ida, to finish, complete

spring

id.,

;

idon

6.

;

e.g.

of native manufacture, (6) a

is

white stone, pearl

not quite recovered, bay a ida

ido saucy

inutua he

gem

not quite dead

:

labdri to com-

plete the telling of

idon rua

5.

zaura, {a) a variegated cloth

ha ya ida warikewa ba he

when used with

;

only

used with special words,

is

idon Aani* wrist-

water

of

joint

4.

;

ijian sau) ankle,

(pi.

bone, knuckle

see itache.

;

idon sau

news

;

of

in

war

shi ido I

him

;

(lit.

tsaurin

;

idon-yaki a strata;

zan wanka ma-

am

going to strike wash his eye) mai;

a woman, to complete the

ido fruitful, an epithet ap-

necessary time before marry-

plied to corn

ing again.

199.

idan (Ar. en

1. if.

1^1),

In

Kano

employed in conversa-

is

;

cf.

M. H.

idubar, a reddish-brown igia, igiya, pi. igiyoyi,

cable, string; 2.

idan

current of a stream

ing

is

;

2.

equally used in writ-

kasa a snake

when.

idania*, eye

;

see ido.

jujfr), 1.

religious feast;

rope,

;

igiah

masuigia,

i.e.

the wearers of stripes, applied

Idi (Ar.

;

ass.

igianrua

tion rather than idan, though

fig.

1.

p.

officers

to

non-commissioned

in English employ;

ihu

142

maiigia guda a lance-corpomaiigia hiu a corporal.

ral,

ihu, uhu, ufu, ho

a cry or shout to attract attention.

wage

ijara, rent,

;

!

dan

ijdra a

wage-earner.

see

;

imani,

creed, belief.

ina, pron. 1st pers. sing. com.

gender

(also

iiia,

;

kana

skina,

used with secondary,

of verbs, to express the pre-

push away, drive away. pupil; ijian ido pupil

1.

of faith

aimanchi.

nominal or participial forms

ijarta, to hire.

ijia,

imanchi, an act

etc.) is

ijarchi, n. hiring.

ije, to

ingata

sent tense, thus, ina tafia I

am

going

ina fitowa,

;

etc.

of the eye, maijiat yaki one

Where

these nominal or par-

who

ticipial

forms are not in use

for a fight

is eager-

(lit.

one-eyed), maiijiat karatu a

ina

man who

form

maiijia

man, M.H. pi.

always reading,

is

na guda a one-eyed

ankles,

p.

cf.

224

ijian sau

;

idon sau

;

2.

one

cowry, for the plural kurdi,

employed ika*, to be able, q.v., is

i/yjllko, pi. ikoki,

;

cf.

wuri.

used frequently in the

right,

expression

power

ikon

allah

the

of God, visitation of

God F 1 1 ha ka ikon jirkitawa thou wilt have no power to turn, maiiko powerful, E 12 maiiko da kowa ;

almighty authority

ikontaka

;

;

power,

ma-ikochi posses-

sor of power,

M. H.

p.

228.

ima, to conquer, drive away, to finish otF, do for, dejl ya kusa

of the verb, e.g. ina so

I wish.

ina

for yina or yana,

is,

or there are,

see inina.

n. paralysis

;

see inna.

ina, inna, for enna^

M. H.

p.

it.

where?

204, etc.

ina (S.), inna, mother (a rowed Fulah word). inda, enda, where 1 indainda, refusal, delay,

bor-

e.g.,

to do work.

indororo

(S.),

inganchi,

right, perfection, re-

waterspout.

liability.

inganta, ingata, to be

right,

just, exact.

ingarma,

her;

horse. able.

he has

;

mia,

imai, yin imai to be

lit.

stammer

ina, to

imata the poison nearly killed cf. i.

the

cf.

expression ina da shi there

ina,

power, authority,

used with the primary

is

f.

ingarmia, angar-

q.v., pi.

ingata*,

ingaramu, a war

v. to trust in, rely on.

^

;

ingatachi, adj. sound, perfect, G7 wasolid, trustworthy ;

nan

labdri ingatachi this ac-

count is trustworthy. ingirichi, ingirochi, hay, dried grass chopped up for feeding horses

;

see

ingweya*, a dressed to

ungwaiya. salutation

an important per-

sonage.

ininan halshi impediment or hesitation in speech. inji, equivalent to, it is said to ;

possibly this

is

for anji

one hears say. injihau, a deadly yellow viper with fiat \iQn,d — tsada raki.

commonly used by the Hausas for the

injla (Ar.), Gospel,

whole Bible. inna, paralysis, palsy. intaya, a species of grass. iri,

pi.

irare,

plants, of

iri

ir% seed of

men and

This

the

is

creatures,

Mohammedan

form of the name, cf. Koran iii. 40, while yasuu and yashuu are those which were

employed by the Christian Arabs at the time of and

Mohammed,

prior to

ad-

inina, ina, to stammer, stutter;

be

ishia

143

in^atachi

isa,

to reach, arrive at;

1.

ma it

isam

reaches

the speaker izga,

isga,

is.

a cow's or

esga,

horse's tail used as a switch

for driving aw^ay isgili*,

n.

flies.

mockery;

at, for aishe, see seq.

ishe,

to reach, meet, over-

1.

death

is

e.g. wane irin imitura what kind of man? wa^he irin mache what kind of woman? wadane irin mutane what kind of men?

isa (Ar. ^^l^e^), Jesus, F127.

iz-

ishe, impersonal, they arrived

When

iri^

see

gili.

F76 mutua

pronoun used with it agrees in number and gender with the substantive which follows

iso to

;

arrive at the place at which

take;

means kind the

to

to, affects

isashe strong, see ishe

offspring, kind, stock, tribe. iri

2.

be equal to, to be sufficient; da ya isa enough, ha su chi ya isa they did not eat enough; M. H. p, 224, sun gaza isa they failed to overcome; ya

2.

ta

ishema

coming upon thee;

to suffice, be sufficient for;

F 42

ta

for us.

ishemu

it is sufficient

isashe^ isheshe, fern.

isashia, ishashia,

pi.

strong, powerful

ishasu^

;

2.

suf-

ficient; impers. aWie,

i.e.

they

1.

arrived at. ishi, a kind of fish,

ishia, a cowry shell; see

ijia.

ishirin

144

or ha shi iya gani ha he could

asherin (Ar. ^j^^^^),

ishirin,

not see

card, numeral, twenty.

iska, hiska,

wind

pi. iskoki^ hiskoki,

verb,

shan hiska (lit. to drink the wind), used with taji, to go for a walk, iska or hiska

note an evil

wards

;

ita, pers.

2.

come

are you able

sing, nominative, she, it

=

masc.

to-

M. H.

ob-

from a

cf.

though not always

tree,

observe(^; ifache7i

wuta

fire-

possible

diwa.

iwo, to swim, M. H.

make

to

iya,

mother,

cf.

the

utmost

hani iyakan

al-

finis.

p.

209

;

see

iyali (Ar. Jl^), family,

iyo.

iwo,

;

hakina give me all that is due to me; 2. as the concluding word of a letter =

is made the arsaberi, mat used to cover a doorcf. (?)

limit,

1.

;

town;

frontier

which

;

iyakachi,

boundary, end, of a country, a room, etc. kain iyaka a

;

way

iyawa.

iyaka,

wood, dan itache a little piece of wood, F 94 a fem. form itachia denotes parent tree. iwa, a shrub, from the twigs of the

cf.

;

itatua,

this distinction is

to write?

p. 205,

a state official (Z.) a passive form aia is occasionally used,

when when fem. = a

tree,

stick cut

;

it.

pi.

in

ha su iye warinsa ha they could not endure the stench, iyan gari

pron. 3rd pers. fern,

itache or iche,

substantive

is used in English, e.g. ka iya ruhutu or ka iya yin ruhutu

cf. isa.

jective, her,

to,

sentences where the infinitive

spirit.

to arrive at,

1.

meaning to be equal

or a verbal

iske, to meet. iso,

appears to be used were a transitive

it

attain to, compass, and can directly precede a substantive

also used to de-

is

it

;

as though

F 154;

;

iyata

mem-

bers of a family. ;

see yiwa.

the

plural

iyanta, to set free

;

see diyan-

iya^ ta.

ye *

is

used in the sense of cf the like use of

parents

'

;

iyas,

related to iya, to succeed in

uwaye, and Ar. xj^^,\. iya, to be able, to be equal

can

;

iyasda, iyarda, forms

.

a thing, to accomplish something, deliver a message.

to,

ha ya iya shi gani ha

iyata, yata, elder sister ; cf ya. .

\

.

iyawa

145

ja

iyawa,

ability, power, commonfound in comp. maiiyawa almighty; cf. iya.

Ar.

ly

iyaye,

pi.

of iya mother, q.v.

parents;

iyaye or iyayi

swimming;

iyo,

The

yin

iyo

Hausas words

to

swim. cf.

away

;

iza

wuta kdda

mutu poke

ta

go out

:

izga, cow's tail

to

the

izgili,

isgili

nimble),

1.

Ar.

is used ka ja da haya get thee behind ya ja bakinsa he kept silence, ja

chiki, cf.

it

J^j,

D

pression

mockery, inter-

9 secret thieving,

to drag the belly,

lit.

an exby the

suggested

crawling of a snake, applied to the secret approach of a thief;

boys, pulling at each other's

draw

arms,

etc., to find something hidden in the hand of one of them.

jawa drawing; jayi to draw back, ja-

off or

yaiya dragging about,

dis-

pute, ja^/^^o^ a little distance,

dajayawa (Jij),

;

cf.

!

ference with another's business; 2. a game played by

izni (Ar.

155

intransitively,

see isga.

(cf.

F

crawling,

push a

see idari. ;

ja^

draw, drag, pull; D 14 anadaka he shall be dragged and beaten, jan jiki

izawa driving away. ;

e.g.

s,

ajashi

stick into the fire to burn.

when

y or

z,

ja, to

;

fire lest it

s/i,

In several

/.

interchanged with

rili

gdba to drive ahead; to poke, e.g. a fire cf. ka iza mani

if,

it is

= yarili, jarimi = zarumi, juni = shuni, jurare — saurara.

yau.

iza, to push, drive

used by the

is

-».

to represent the sound

that of

iyo*, verily;

izan,

letter

of the English

see iya.

;

zunufi

;

is

sometimes used of fruit as a plural of da; cf. yaya. iye, to be equal to

Hausa

>*g^h,

crime.

permission, con-

a little further on.

majayin hainya a guide

sent.

;

cf

jawo, jajaya, ja-ddga, izufi (Ar.

J>*), one

of

the

sixty equal paragraphs into

which the Koran is divided a paragraph, section. For a similar phonetic change cf.

:

R. H. D.

ja,

pi.

jajaye, jujaye

rt ^Ufc.),

red

;

jan

red

(cf.

Ar.

ja wur very

karifi brass, copper,

jaja kddan a dish,

;

little red, red-

jan 7mji* or jan na10

;.

jaba

jaka

146

Tniji* with reckless courage

Ignorance,

;

haukaja stark madness, jan itache or jan yaro a tree (Hymenocardia acid a) jan sayi a tree (Tri-

ja-ja reddish,

ignorantly

cf

;

jahili.

jahanama

(Ar.

hell

cf jahiina. .

jahili

;

(Ar.

JaU.), ignorant,

chilia emetica).

with respect to

i.e.

jaba,

rat,

1.

black ass

stinking-rat; 3.

;

2.

B

jdha dutsi the

jahima*

wild dove.

humped

jS,ba jS.ba,

cattle.

hell,

jabaya, crupper of a saddle, generally

made

of strips of

white or blue cloth

cf

;

.

jaku-

(Ar. ^^o^^), burning

D

23, the highest

jaijaito, condolence on

ya yi mana

(Ar. jU».), mighty,

;

cf.

and ja-

any mis-

battle;

jainye*

hand

formed

shaking the spear

cf.

to quarrel, to fight ; seejayay a.

headman

shugdba

stick, e.g.

men

iYOva.ja.

ja-ja, reddish; seeja.

jajamaza*, a

whogoes in frontof a caravan, whilst the madugu, q.v., goes ;

to twist, e.g. a piece

jaiya, quarrel, fight, yin jaiya

in salutation.

jagSiba, the leader or

behind

on a theft;

of cloth, draw, drag, probably

jafache, to wink. jafi (S.), n.

e.g.

ci.jaje.

ddga.

cf.

jaijaito he con-

doled with us,

ja-daga, to draw up in line of

blind

.

hanama.

an epithet applied to God. jache, reddish.

agora,

religion,

cf jahalichi.

;

fortune other than a death

jabbaru*

j

3

best division in hell

turi.

or

C

1 2,

species of creep-

ing grass.

jajaya, to drag; seeja. jaje, compassion; ct jaijaito.

id.

one used by way,

jaje, staining red, used of cloth,

to lind the

thread, etc.

boy who leads about a blind man. also a

jajebera,

jahadi, jihadi (Ar. ^ly^)' w^^>

ranan day before any

preparation,

jajebe7-a the feast.

jaji

especially a holy war.

(Kanuri

id.),

title of

the

chief leader of a caravan.

jahalichi, jahilchi(Ar. Jv*-), ignorance,

jajirma*, warrior; see jarimi. jaka, to draw after one, to pull;

da jahalichi in |

;

ta

kuda a nickname

a donkey, i.e.

for

one who attracts

quitoes collect in the roof of

a house. (Ar. «.^».), a grammatical

jami

flies.

see je-

jakada, a messenger;

jakara, the name of a large

Kano

pool at the side of the

janaba

jdkai,

jakuna, donkey for various kinds of donkeys see under ;

jimrau, aura, idubar, araki,jaba, mugo. jaki, in phr. jaki bisa tudu bi'iigi,

plaiting of hair in

two

lines,

one in the middle of the head and one behind. jakuturi, crupper of a saddle

jabaya

see kuturi.

;

JLli-), mighty, used of God,

(Ar. wU».), pollution;

cf

.

(S.),

gullet, oesophagus;

janyaro.

janbade, an abscess;

cf.

F

135

;

han-

tukuria.

janbaki, a small bird with red beak.

janbarde, the ruddy-throated sunbird.

jangali, a tax on cows.

jangwada, the male of the common lizsirdkadangare, q.v. janjanchi, interference,

great,

(Ar.

cf

cf jaraba.

janai pi.

;

singular.

.

market. jaki, fern, jakainya,

jalala*

term denoting the plural

mufuradi

kdda.

cf.

janyaro

147

jak&da jaka

.

inso-

lence.

janjare

(a

Fulani word), the red

or grey guinea-corn with close

cf jalla. .

j&li,

property,

3 alii,

abin

jali

power; with

something

which to trade karamin jali a small capital. jalili, a small water duck, with slight red tint on neck, black and brown velvety head

growing head which ripens in Sokoto next after the gero, i.e. about the middle of Sep-

;

tember.

:

body

:

the whistling

jalla* (Ar.

used of God

jama'a .

teal.

S ^ Jih.), great, glorious, ;

cf jalala. .

(Ar. i^Uete.), collecting

together; cf. sdbero su kan jama^a akain daki the mos-

jankarago

(red beggar), a late

crop of kola nuts, see under goro.

jan-sayi, a

common

tree (Tri-

chilia emetica, Meliaceae).

janyaro (K.), 1 2.

.

gullet, ci. janai ;

also called jan-itache

(Hy-

menocardia acida) a large tree, with reddish bark, its wood used in supporting sheds, etc.

10—2

;

;

janye

148

janye, jaye, to drag away; .

janziri, janzari, an evil

spirit,

said to be the patron of the

make men mad,

masuhori, to

Ar.

(cf. (?)

discount,

j^*.)),

etc.; i.q. Idda, q.v.

man

of im-

portance or respect,

jauwi*

spice,

;

jawabi

(Ar.

speech,

w>t^».),

answer, message.

jayra (Ar. w»j^),

ness, uncleanness

jauri, a widower, a

jawa, drawing; seeja

and to eat dung.

jS^)j misfortune, doom, (Ar.

yin jaraha to make

;

A 65

ya kan arzikinka da jaraba

trial of,

allah

gama God may give thee prosperity to try thee.

jare*, a cricket

(?).

;

jarirai, a

year old

;

cf.

to

draw out, to bring todraw towards one-

gether, to e.g.

self,

straying sheep

;

a

q.v.

red.

jayaki, the fishing vulture. cf.

zarumi.

jariri, jarili, yarili, tjariria, pi.

to salute.

jawo,

form oija, ja-wur, very

jarili, seejariri.

jarimi, warrior

jawal, a species of myrrh. jawayi, jiwoyi, to visit, to go

baby up to one jivjiri.

jayawa, ci. ja. jay ay a, disagreement;

su7ia.

jayaya they are wrangling cf ja. .

jaru, jarum,

guard-room

(a

corruption of Eng. word).

jaye, to drag; seeja.

jayi or jauye, to draw back

jato, a vegetable poison used

see ja.

for smearing arrows.

jatoma rally

giyatuma, geneused by the Fulanis for or

mother. jauje, a

drum shaped

like

an

under the armpit, larger than kalango. jaura* to listen, M. H. p. 190 hour-glass,

cf.

saurara.

held

je (Ar. gU-), to go, to depart;

mu

mu

je da ni or

let

us go together

who

;

je tare

maje one

goes. 9

jebba* (Ar.

Ci

J

a red tobe. jebda*, jefda, a form of jefa a.**.),

to throw, jefa, jefi, jefo, jefe (bef. pron.

;

throw, to cast

obj.), to

da duatsu to

when

je/a

pelt is

jefa

;

with stones

used with a object

as its direct

missile

means to hit, not ya jefa masa throw at mashij ya jefi masa da mashi, or ya je/eshi he speared him jejeji da to pelt jefo implies motion towards or towards the ground jifa, usually

it

to

;

;

;

;

verbal n. throwing; sarikin jifa.

jewa

U9

jegawa

a champion thrower; jifa

or jefa the throwing of the

Derived

shuttle in weaving.

placed on a saddle. jello (K.), gourd for

jema, a scented grass which grows to a height of four feet. jemage, pi. jemagu, a large sized bat.

jemi, jlma, off

a skin

hill

;

see jigowa.

giving

accouchement,

jego, birth

yin jego to give birth.

;

jehunna

(S.),

an

eagle.

condolence;

jeijeito,

see jai-

jaito.

wooded or unin-

thinly

jeje,

habited country

;

cf

,

daji.

jeka, fem. jeki^ get out in sing., pi.

jeka, sack

;

!

only

= ku je.

a messenger, sent by any-

one

;

cf.

senger

;

manzo a 2.

majemi

to tan;

dish.

to flight.

jeni

(cf.

Ar. rt j^^^ viii), 1. ku tafi jeni keep !

2.

corn placed in

bundles, yin jeni to place in bundles. jera, jere, jire*, to arrange in line or procession ; ajere in a line,

or abreast, suna jeruwa

they are forming line; ya jeru it is arranged in line, jeraya, a running camel, jerfa, tribal marks on the skin, jeri, ^\. jerori, line, rank. jeri, jiri (cf.

Ar. j\^

v),

head-

ache, sunstroke, giddiness. jetaka*, a measure of distance, as far as can be seen with

see jika.

jekada, jakada, fem. jekddia, 1.

;

jenfi*, back; hadajenfi to put

together

jegawa, sandy

2.

jemo, a small

jefasda (K.), jefada

to cast out.

to rub the hair

1.

or inaijiTna a leather dresser.

together,

(S.), je-

holding

water.

forms arejefas to throw out, fasJie (Zanf.), to throw out, overthrow; /e/sa* and jefshe*

J^l^), the cloth

(Ar.

jelala

king's mes-

a tax-collector.

the eye. jeto, to agree with,

i.q.

jUo, q.v.

jewa, used of the circling of a bird over its prey.

;;;

jewayi

150

jewayi

(before

jewaye

n.),

(before pron.), verb, n.jewaya

jigeribti

jibda, civet jibe,

to dry after washing;

sun jewayi sun jewayesu, sun yi jewaya majewayi, pi. majeto spy, spy out, cf

.

place a

gari,

spy, scout,

cf.

gewaya,

jin tsoro to feel fear, to fear; jin wuta to become warm, or to

warm

oneself;

na

stand,

ji

to under-

2.

magananka

I

understand thy speech, han ji ha I don't understand to obey

;

cf

.

my

;

3.

ya die da ni ka

ji ka ji he said to to

jibga, to store up goods;

gossip.'

me

*

jibi,

jlbi,

seq.

chi

next;

gata, chUa.

cf.

jibji, dung-hill

up, conceal, entangle.

face

;

to

cf.

suri.

Ar. Sjuj, butter),

ointment, scent

;

jibdan kass

a kind of creeper.

the

dismount,

jldo come

;

down

down

(a load).

jiddda to take away, bring down.

Jidda* (Ar.

id.), really.

jlde, to pick up. jlfa, n.

(cf. (?)

on

fall

descend,

jlde to put

.

;

to

turn upside anything up

see jlta.

lodge at

day before yesterday; watan da dere

to

tilt

jiche

facli

jia last month, jia

jibche, to collect; seejibta.

jujai.

together.

jTda,

last night.

cf.

jiche {^.)^k%fa (K.), to cover

jia, yesterday; shekaranjia the

jiba, a small ant-hill

;

jibta, jibche, to collect, bring

understanding, friendly rela-

223.

yin

a food made of flour

1.

down, to

majiakira an orderly. tions, sun jia they heard, M. H.

;

and mia mixed; 2. used as a general word for food, jibi, the day after to-morrow watan jibi the month after

listen

kuna jin

sweat, perspiration

jiche, jichi,

jibda

cf.

jibi to sweat, perspire,

do you feel hungry ? for use of jiwo cf. ya jiwo. kishi he had a thirst which he had brought from a distance. jiyeya understanding, good

p.

to

thing, esp. of food.

to hear, perceive, feel, e.g.

1.

2.

down on the

jibgi, a large quantity of any-

hewaya. ji,

load

ground.

:

waya

cat.

to put anything out

1.

jifjif,

throwing; seeje/a.

B 56

twilight,

i.q. jijijl,

q.v.

jigeribti,

to

canter,

used of

;

;

jigida a

jima

151

an

horse

onomatopoeic

jika, jeka, zika*,

(Ar.

woman's girdle, often made from the nuts of the kivakwa palm strung to-

^j),

jigida, a

made

1.

a tree on

which meat is hung up to dry 2. a post for supporting roof 3. a beam for drawing water from a well. jigowa, jegawa, jigawa, sand, ;

jihirma, eagle; seejehurma. a

war

;

see jahdcii.

from the root

plant,

which a sweet scent made. of

jijia,

pi.

jiwoji, jijioyi,

sinew, gut;

fua old

C

is

19 dunia

tsois

and has nothing but veins

sometimes used of the roots of a tree, also of the gut from which bowIt

is

which

strings are made, or

used to

is

the arrow-head to

fix

jlka,

jibjib,

jiQif,

glimmer

muyi jijifi dawn; cf. jijiga,

to

;

see Gr.

let

p.

86

us start before

alfijir.

shake violently, to

feel a load in its

first

of light just before

dawn

the

the

weight

;

cf.

order to test jinjini.

colloquial idiom,

cf.

da jlka hurry up '

look slippery

'

;

ka yi

be limp

!

!

cf. seq.

jika, jike, to moisten; to be-

come wet; particip. iorxajikeF 78 akawo niagani ajika medicine is brought and is put in water, da rua ajika while

it is

raining.

jlkai, to have pity; allah shi

his soul

;

see jinkai.

body

jiki, pi. jikuna,

angai-

;

sheka dajiki your health was

enquired after

;

jlka used of

the trunk of a tree ; cf p. 49,

.

mutane jiki the

is

M. H.

jikin itache shina yin talatin the

trunk was

as thick as 30 men.

ease,

the shaft. jijifi,

pi. jlkoki,

jika7iu, grand-child.

jikansa God have mercy on

vein,

sai jiwoji the world

left.

of skin, used for cow-

iva;

covered with sand.

jihadi, holy

one

not for holding water,

ries,

;

jiji,

a bag, esp.

jlka, fem, jikanya,

gether. jigo, pi. jiguna,

hill

jikuna

pi.

3

word,

maso

man who loves

bodily

the lazy man.

ajikin

i.e.

used as a prep. =on; tsokan

nania ajikin makodi a scrap of

meat on a round

stone.

jiko, a medicine to cure hori

maniacs.

jiljilmako, a parrot.

jima, to wait a pass, in phr. sai

little

while

anjima after

;

jima a

good-bye

or

while,

little

jlma kddan

for the present,

or jimkadan, wait a

a

jmjima

152

little

while

jima, to tan

;

cf.

for a time.

jimero,

a

species

dark

of

make

up a whole, the divisions which make up a district. jimila,

jimina,

v.

to add.

pi.

jinga, wages or taxes, yin jinga to

pay wages,

ostrich.

jim.ka, jim.ke, to grasp with

;

wages, a workman.

jinganta, to hire. jingina, jinjina, or security for 2. V.

n.

1.

a pledge

money owing

to leave anything as a

cf. M. H. p. 197, wodansu su kan jingine kansu su karbi kurdi some would

the hand, to take a hand-

pawn

ful.

in order

while

little

;

see

jima.

themselves (as slaves) to

obtain money.

The form jinjina

is

probably

a local corruption.

jim.ki, a handful.

jingina, jingine, to recline, to

jim.olo, wild cat.

lean against something.

jimrache, to bear with anyone; ka jimrache be patient. ass with reddish

jimrau, an

jini, blood. jini,

found in comip. jinin kajiri

red beads worn by heathen

women round

body.

jimri, jimre, to be patient, to bear, to endure,

B 36 ku jimri

jihadi endure strife; mala-

fanga ta fi jimrin rua this hat keeps the rain off better; da jimri patiently. yana da jimri, n. patience jimri he is doing his best. jimua for aljimua, Friday. jinako, zinako, a black sting;

ing wasp

jinbiri

maijinga

;

pledge;

jimuna,

jim-kS,dan, a

etc.

a

rice.

jimila, the parts which

a grass used for making

mats.

man who pays wages dan jinga a man who receives

see jemi.

;

jimawa,

coloured

or

little,

jinjima.

jinfi,

;

(S.),

see zurnako.

unripe

fruit.

the neck.

jinia, the circular

band

of grass

rope which encloses the

kurua

tii-

rafters in thatching.

jinia, jinya, sickness, attend-

ance in sickness to attend

jinia

is

upon a

;

yin jinia

sick person;

also used for blood-

letting, cupping.

jinini*, to recall a

wrong

re-

ceived, to bear a grudge.

jinjima, apparently a strengthened form of jima, q.v., to

;

jinjimaka

153

partic. wait a short time form F62 ka san dunia kadan tnuka jinjimawa thou k no west that in the world ;

we

stay but a short time.

bout.

jinkai alheri or jinkai mu-

gunta

jikai.

cf.

;

you

jinkiri

ka yi mana have made us

wait

^

;

;

mani jin-

16Q ku yi

kiri wait a little while for me.

jinkiri, destiny, fate, death.

the

jinjina, n.

salutation

of

mounted men, made by the raised and shaken arm, and usually accompanied by a

hand as a

right

salute.

jinjini, to feel a thing in order

jinjiri, fem. jinjinia, pi. jirachild, infant, esp. ap-

plied to a child

between the

month and one jinjiri ha ya san

ages of one ;

cf

.

habu ha a

jinjiria, scarlet

cf.

an answer;

for

jinjirin ivata

moon;

child will

little

No

not take

(S.)

new

the

(Ar. j>^), demons, genii,

D69 da malaiku da aljinnu su tare and the angels and genii shall be

details

gathered

;

together

jinsi

ya sa riga tasa, on his garments, because he was naked cf (?) tsirara.

jir,

naked,

don jir

e.g.

shi ke he put

.

;

its

F 237 ana

jira, to wait for one;

fa jiran Jitowa nasa out, they rise

of

al-

(S.), colour.

gari the

(- haihaiya)

cf.

;

jinya, sickness; seejinia.

blossoms (Erythrina

jinka, thatched roof; yinjinka ;

for

construction

tanka.

grace;

S

jinnu

a prickly tree with

to thatch

await,

late.

after waiting for his

jariri.

senegalensis, Leguminosae).

jinkai,

come

ja7i.

to ascertain its weight.

jirai,

jinkirta, to postpone,

evil spirits

shout.

jinjina, jinjini, to hold up the

cf.

showing compassion on me; used of good or bad action,

2.

jinkiri, n. waiting

jinjimaka, a bird, w^ith black and white plumage. jinjimi, pelican, bastard mara-

year

jira

shinkai*, 1. mercy, ya ke jinkaina he is

of a

person

;

;

maijiran

official left in

town

a king

up

atashi

coming charge

in the absence of

maijiran gawa the

left to

watch a corpse

ruan jira water which wells up slowly and has to be waited for cf jirache, jirata. ;

jira, the yellow

.

weaver

bird.

jirache

154

jirache,

1.

to wait

gum. jiraya

jirai,

cf jira.

;

.

wait

to

(S.),

.

jiraya, a running canal

cf.

;

rank; see jera. jire*, probably a form of tsire, cf ya jire (of the hair of a skin) it comes off; cf. M. H. .

p. 57.

yin jir/a

jirfa, letting of blood ;

to

come

bend,

come

used with fuska to

frown, to show signs of

close

cf. F 108 ka zamna nan tutur ha jirkitawa thou

kitawa,

wilt remain there for

to

see

;

the times and their changes. jirwaye, splashing over. jisasa (K.), an eagle. jishe*, to cause to feel jita, to tilt

a tree with pink flowers

smooth bark (Stereospermum kunthianum, Bignoniaceae), also

called

san-

sami and hachin-tumkia. jirigi, jirgi, pi. jirage,

1.

;

;

kasa a locomotive or

boatman

;

2.

trough, water-trough for cows,

manger ;

off.

anything up against

something

cf. jiclie.

;

jitau, a rain cloud.

jito or jeto, to agree with,

e.g.

with an enemy.

jiwaya, to spy; ^eejewaye and giwaye. jiwoji, veins

;

seejijia.

jiwoyi, to visit; see j away i.

jiwuya, to turn

round

;

cf.

gewaya.

a blue

jiyeya, mutual understanding;

a dance;

jiza, a distant noise, muttering.

4.

see ji.

cloth.

jirke*, to cease;

cf. ji.

jitsa, pain.

canoe,

boat jirigin wuta or jirigin hayaki is used for steamboat,

3.

ever

;

jishe, to take away, take

train, maijh'gi

dis-

pleasure; participial iormjir-

hainya

and

;

neck to the

froiu the ;

intr.

jiri, jeri, dizziness.

etc.

breast

zamanu dajirkitansa consid er

.

jirga.

jirigi7i

it

used of bringing a baby

one

to

tana jirgewa the road bends. jirgo, to

jiri,

is

cf jirgo

close to.

to

seq.

cf.

;

move room to

bend,

side to give

;

without turning over. jirkita, n. change ku luroj da

to let blood.

jirge,

down, overthrow

round

jeraya. jire,

jirga, to

finish-

ing.

jirkita, to overthrow, upset,

cf ji7'a.

;

suna jirkewa they are

jirkiche, to upset, turn upside

jirata, for

one;

for

to bear with one

2.

jiza

e.g. of

;l.i

;

k

155

Jiziya

jiire or shure to kick,

jiziya (S.), tribute. juba, ant-hill; seejiha.

judu*, always.

juri, to be patient

juga, to give lavishly, anjuga mini aiki I have been given

jurum,

too big a job

juga, jubga,

;

n.

an unfair

divi-

dung-hill, of

1.

.

j%i

;

2.

a woman of bad character. jujaye, a pi. form of ja red cf.

;

cf.

jimri.

oppressed

cf.

;

is sterile

cf .

;

juya

che ha ta

haifuata.

sion.

jujai,

silent,

juya, used of an animal that

seq.

cf.

used of

fowls, etc.

M. H.

juje, a small

juya, juye, to turn over, to turn back, to turn or whirl

drum

it is

jujuyawa, turning over, tradcf. juya. ing, M. H. p. 202 ;

jula jula, of cloth, thread-bare. juna, recipr. pronoun, common-

inside out

;

gana or juya magana to interpret, juya da to overturn, juya ma to turn away from juyawa turning, returning.

jauje.

cf.

;

yana juye juya da mor-

round in a dance,

227.

p.

;

juyi,

n.

whirling.

Also a trad-

ly prefixed to the plurals of

ing term, selling an article

the pers. pronouns, thus J^^n-

and with the proceeds and added money buying some-

ansu one another juna and da juna are also used abso;

E

lutely,

37

da juna we

one with

rejoice

another; the expression J^tna hiu

is

used in polite

for enceinte

;

circles

cf . ta yi

juna

biu she was three or four

months gone with juna, a friend. juni*,

blue

child.

indigo,

colour,

k

o

and k ^ are used by Hausas to represent the sound of the English k. There is a distinction of sound between the two, though in the

writing they are frequently

;

t^ (which in

this dictionary is written k) is

n. listening

p. 230, kit

else.

interchanged,

= shuni. jurara,

thing

muna murna

cf.

M. H.

yi jurara listen.

a sub-palatal guttural.

Hausa name mairua,

i.e.

for it

is

The

kam

the watery k;

jurare*, to listen; seesaurara.

it

jure, to kick

person pronouncing it puts his mouth into such a position

jure^

an

;

see shure.

intensified

jure-

form of

is

so

called

because the

;

ka

;

kabbar

156

that he appears to be shooting

future

out water from the throat.

personal pronoun masc. sing.

The other k

called kamn

is

The distinction between the two k sounds is specially marked

lasan the licking

k.

where k is an initial letter. The sound k is sometimes interchanged with that of «, J] and ^, e.g. kunche, sunche; kufu, fu/u kurji, gurje. ka, second personal pronoun ;

mase. sing., is

1.

prefixed

as subject

to

;

it is

also

tense, also to the passive, e.g.

you

will

come

out,

kabobi,

pi.

it

;

verbs and preps.,

e.g.

follows

sun ka-

inaka they have seized you,

is

from

which baskets,

ropes,

hats,

are made. to swell, used of swelling

caused by sickness.

kaba,

kabuwa,

syphilis

;

a

swelling,

kaba na kashi rheu-

matism cf dumar-kada. kabaki, pi. kaboka, 1. a large .

;

quantity of food in a calabash,

B

30

;

2.

a large

kabania,kanibama, kabuma, a brood mare.

kaban kura, a vegetable poison

used as an inseparable

used for smearing arrows. kabare, a bird, the appearance of which is a sign of bad luck.

possessive pronoun

object possessed

and -rka or

is

-Ika

object possessed

is

;

when the masculine

when the feminine

ubanka thy uwarka thy mother.

see Gr. p. 24, e.g. father,

2.

fibre

leaves

3.

tnaka or gareka to you

-nka

before

and

its

calabash.

it

dum palm

the stem has grown up;

abundance,

as object

specially used of

is

the young

forth

2.

a large

1.

palm with edible

afitasdaka you are brought ;

2nd

q.v.

fruit

kaba,

mood

the

p. 40.

species of

the verb in

za which denotes the future

fito

ka% kaba,

etc.

suffixed to the auxiliary verb

zaka

Gr.

for

ka, head, a shortened form of

it

the perfect tense and in the

imperative

cf.

prefix

ka, a concessive particle

;

B

28

ka ka zaha which thou mayest choose^kan, q.v. kowojche

ka, a shortened form of kaa the

0^

I

kS,bari (Ar. j^), grave; B 169, F 101 kana kabarinka kai

dai thou art in thy grave alone.

kabbar*

(Ar. jl^),

say 'allah akbar,' is great.'

A

72 to

i.e.

'God

kabe kabe, to brush

kakahe to brush

;

thoroughly, also used as intr. V.

sai rdba

kakahe wait

ta

dew has

the

till

risen

is

(i.e.

brushed away) kabeke*, one possessed of food; cf.

kada

157

kubewa

(K.),

kachala, a chief slave of a king (a Bornuese word). kache, to scratch up with the nails.

(S.)

kachibiss

which and on

meeting.

pumpkin

kabia,

gardens

in

houses

;

1.

gourd,

or

goji (Z.).

cf.

conduct, habit;

2.

a

kabido, kabudo, a cape made of palm fibre with hole for head, used as a protection against rain.

all

J-j^i), kindred,

the people belonging to

house

one

maikahila one

;

large following.

knock against. kabrara, to be large or corpukS,bra, to

kabtu, fore

see kauri.

first hoeing of land besowing ; cf kufurtu.

kabua,

.

syphilis

kabuma,

see

;

to shake.

karka*, conjunction, 1. J) b^ ku do ania kada yan uwanku su berku hainya take care lest your relations leave you out-

kSida,

that not, lest

;

(heaven)

;

of

an

kabus, kabushi, pi. kabussai, an edible gourd. kabushi, softness, ya yi kait is

preceded

in

3.

imperative sentences

denotes prohibition,

B

41

kada ka lura da aiki nai look not closely at his work ; B 141 kada ka hita follow it k§,da, to shake, specially used

antelope's horn.

bushi

2.

by domin = in order that not;

not.

see kaha.

kabama.

kabura, a whistle made

in-

like a pea with small seeds inside, used as a plaything for children

lent. ;

an unexpected

kachokacho, a pod

it

kabri, thick

(S.),

kachichia, a wood-boring

side

who has a

yin or

sect.

thing abhorred.

kabila* (Ar.

;

yenke kachia to circumcise.

(cucurbita pepo), a kind of

grows

scattering, dis-

persal of property or people.

kachia, circumcision

kahaki.

kabewa

kacha kacha,

soft to eat.

the phrase kada kai to beckon with the head, assent, say yes ; see geda kai, cf.

in

kauda kai to dissent. kada, to strike, e.g. a drum. kada, kashe, to conquer, over*

;

kada

kadanya

158

throw (not connected with kashe to kill) kdda itatua to clear the bush kdda or kyarda is used before a n., kdshe ;

;

before a pron.

kada, cotton,

for the cleaning

of cotton before spinning see

only, I alone,

ka kadai,

ski

kadai, etc.

kadaichi, the state of being one or alone, found in the phr. shi kadaichi he by himself cf. makadaichi unique, kadaita, 1. desolation yin kadaita, to lay waste 2. v. to ;

;

under abduga. kada, to stir into, mix in

;

(e.g.

of soup).

kada

[Ar.

be alone

he the Ar.

^^^-cii,

here pronounced

^

is

but in

d,

is

;

shina kadaita daki

alone in the room,

kadami, used in the expression kadamin abduga a spindle with cotton on

alkali ^^oJUt , judge, it is pro-

nounced as l\ to judge, condemn, chastise kdda magana to contemn. kada kada, a shrub with pink flowers which appear from the ground before the leaves ;

(Cienfuegosia

heteroclada,

k^da, k^do, pi. kddodi, kaditna, kadunduna, crocodile. kadabkara, also kadafkara, a bird which is said to carry its eggs in its mouth; the lesser bustard. 1.

a cross ridge in a

tilled field joining

tudinal

ridges;

tilled field

kadai,

;

kadamiski

or

karamuski,

an imported velvet or plush cloth esp. used by women. kadan, if, when, kadan, little, few ; kddankddan q.v.,

very

very few.

little,

kadan-dunia, kadandonia, a

Malvaceae).

kadada,

used in

it

spinning.

cf.

the longi-

2.

a well-

kwiya.

exceedingly,

used

in

salutations after sanu, harka, etc.

kadai, only, alone, ni kadai I

harmless centipede,= rfaiofe^/a cf

.

shanshani a poisonous cen-

tipede,

kadangari, kadangare, dangarua,

f.

ka-

kadangaru, the common house lizard. When the male puts on its mating pi.

colours it is called kutu (in Kano), kiski (in Sokoto) and

jangwada (in Zaria). kadango, tattoo marks behind the eyes.

kadanya

(Bassia Parkii), shea-

butter tree

;

the

oil

obtained

;

159

kftdara

from its seeds (main kadanya) is

of the consistency of butter;

it is

of

an

largely used as

food and

England

is

article

exported to

for use in the

manu-

facture of soap, candles, etc.; ci.kade.

kadanya rajl aipoison

used for smearing arrows.

kadara, kudira (Ar. jjj),

1.

to

kS.fa

indigenous tribes, used generby the Fulanis for

ally

Hausas.

k^do

a

crocodile

;

see

kadondunia, centipede

;

see

(K.),

kdda.

kadandunia. kafa, a leak in roof, pot or canoe; a little hole; ya yi kafa it leaks cf prov. ahin ;

will

or decree;

hold equal

to liken,

2.

to. :

fragrant resin, the copaiba tree (Daniellia thurifera, Le-

guminosae). the fruit of the shea-

butter (kadanya) tree

;

nami-

jin kacle a tree with white blossoms:

its foliage

resembles

cotton

obtained

from the silk-cotton

kadarko,

tree.

bridge,

2.

to nail, fasten with nails

3.

to set up, to place, pitch,

jj^i, to appoint,

to order (used of

God), to

warn.

kadi, spin

n. ;

A

4.

;

ground

ya kafa goshinsa he

spinning, yin kadi to

fe,

.

M. H.

5.

jirigi

to

ya

fem. kdfafia, kdfafa,

kada cotton.

;

kdfawa founding

akafe stuck

;

in.

k§>fa, kafTa, pi. kafdfu, kafofi, s (cf.

Ar. sa£»,

1.

palm

of hand, sole of foot), foot,

leg

kafa the sole of the akafa on foot, F 95

tafin

;

foot

kado

kafafe

hahe (Fulani words).

pi.

kdfafuj finished, established,

kadi, a blow. pi.

himself;

cf

;

grounded on the rocks ; kdfa-

kafafe

cf.

;

kafa lema to pitch a tent 13 mu ga ankafa ragaya we see ropes set up (for weav-

founded

stilts.

kaderta, Ar.

put

kafa chikin duchi the boat

to overturn.

kaderko,

a nose with-

to build, esp. to

1.

ing)

a tree,

is

kdfal alura a

wooden beams on a house

prostrated e.g.

;

needle's eye.

k&fa,

that of the kadanya tree (Lo-

kade, to cut down,

-

out nostrils

phira alata).

kaderi, the

babu kafa a

worthless thing

kadarko, bridge see kaderko. kadaura, a large tree with

kS.de,

.

hanza hanchi

;

duk

adufitse

ma kushe-

;

.

kafada

160

wa by

the feet of

all is (thy)

grave pressed down;

kafon batsi white

flowers

and

silvery

kdfat

hairy leaves from which scent

yaki a portion of an army separated from main body;

is made, =fariti-gamu, q.v. kafirchi, heathenism; see kd-

kdfat fatake a collection of

caravans;

zumunta

prov.

cf.

akdfa ta ke relationship is a matter of the feet, i.e. if a person does not take the trouble to walk

to

his

see

relation the relationship be-

comes

no

of

kamun

account; cf. 2. spur of a

kdfa;

cock, fin of a

fish.

kafada, shoulder.

kafan*

;

cf.

lika-

fani.

j-?l-£»),

unbeliever,

infidel,

heathen. kafirta, to become an unbeliever,

kafito (come out), a bird or animal snare made with cane and slip-knots. kafuna,

da kdfo horned; 2. horn-trumpet A 78 rana da maibusa ya busa kafo on the day when the sounder of the trumpet shall sound maikafo trumpeter kdfon mariri the horn of the oryx. horn,

1.

;

kafarji, a small tortoise. kSifau,

kafiri, pi. kafirai, kafirawa (Ar.

kS,fo, kS,ho, pi. kafoni,

shroud

(Ar.),

furchi. kafirfita, sand-fly.

mud

;

see kdfo.

kafche, to plough or prepare ground for sowing, makafche one who ploughs kS.fe (cf Ar. rt .

cf.

;

kaftu.

U=3 to recede), and so, of a ,

to subside, sink well, to

dry up, rijia ta kdfe j

also tr. to dry, e.g. meat. k^fi, kaffi,

barrier

kafo,

pi. kafij

swamp with blind, blind

makafo,

gate, stockade,

makamta, blindness.

soft

id.,

and

man;

makopchi, makamchi.,

k^fo, ya kdfo baki he stuck out

kdfa.

of time)

a

mud. cf.

kafi, kafin, prep, before (used

kafia, to

k2,fo, mire,

establishment, cf

1.

2.

;

;

;

cf.

slip,

kafofun-guga

kami. e.g.

as in

his lips to drink

soft

mud, B 142 ka kafia damai maiafkawa thou slippest confusedly and art about to fall. kafiboka, a convolvulus with

;

(S.),

i

see kdfa,

an

arch!

used in building, in Gandoi

masharua

kafon

is

used.

i

batsi, a wdld plant some-

times eaten in times of

j

scar-^

city at beginning of rains.

;

kafora

;

kafora .1

(S.),

the iron blade of

phatic,

thou thyself;

thou,

used with ka to form emphatic

lioe.

kafra,

kai

161

to

tr.

knock against.

aor.

2nd

ka nema

pers. kai

hoeing of the ground before

thou didst seek ; also with da, tare da kai with thee thy-

sowing

self.

kaftu,

hoeing,

the

esp.

first

yin kaftu to hoe

;

Frequently used as an

exclamation to

kafche.

cf.

call

anyone

kafu, a cloth put on a horse under the saddle.

yaro ho boy

kafur (Ar. j^lis), camphor.

used as an exclamation ad-

kafurchi, heathenism

see kd-

;

dressed

to

firchi. ;

in-

vent.

kagada, when

used in Sokoto

;

for saanda.

kag3.ra, eager desire for; yin

kagdra da to desire eagerly.

kegania,

fortification,

pi.

kagaru,

barricade

kai

more than one tafi !

kai, sometimes used in Sokoto

see kdfiri.

kaga, to find out, discover,

;

sometimes

it is

!

person kai ku

kafuri, heathen

kS.gara,

or attract his attention

made

good cf wanda ke da kai the popular course. kai, pi. kanuajkawana, kawuna, 1. head of animated beings; chiwon-kai headache 2. tig. top or summit of anything kain tudu the summit of the hill, kandaki an upper storey for keau^

.

;

;

entrenchment; also used for a stretcher of boughs on which a man whom it is

in a house

desired to honour,

conjunction with the personal

of trees,

by kage

is

borne

invention, false accu-

k3,ge, to stiffen,

used of a limb

by cold or disease;

Jmgeiva stiffening

;

see gage.

kago, used of a house of which the roof has fallen in. kagua, pi. kagunai, an edible crab which lives in the water. kai, pron. R. H. D.

sum, substance

is

2nd

pers. sing,

em-

kai in

used as a periphrasis

for the reflexive

and emphatic

pron. {a) with da,

sation.

stiffened

3.

chapter of a book, pron.

his friends. (S.),

;

or chief point of a statement,

e.g.

ni da^

kaina I myself, shi dakansa he himself, etc., ita dakanta takanta she herself; without da as ni kaina I myself, C 4, kai nasa himself, or

itc(,

(i)

C 5.

The

final i is

except in the

first

kanka, kansa,

dropped

person, e.g.

kansu. 11

The

;

kai

:

162

forms kaina

are also used

etc.

as reflexive pronouns in the

kainya

kaida,

rule, law,

ya hata

kaifafa,

kansa he destroyed himself ya sha kansa it was too much

sharp.

objective case,

e.g.

:

samu kanta she

for him, ta

was punished

cf

;

.

abin ya zo

kanmu the thing has recoiled on us, gama kai da to intrigue with, dakir

ya sami kai

he saved himself with

diffi-

kan litafi the beginning of a book ta kai ta kai culty,

boundary, rate

of tax assessment,

kain

sharpen,

to

(cf.

to

be

Ar. aa^), edge,

e.g.

of a knife, of the bridge al-

F 144

sirat,

;

da

kaiji edged,

sharp.

kaikai, kaikaiyi, itching pain the itch, crowcrow, a disease

W.

coast

kaikai, the chaff obtained

when

very

common

on the

of Africa.

;

every one for himself;

cf.

aka^i above, a contraction of

a kai na on the head kai, 2.

1.

of.

to carry, to carry a load

to take, take away, con-

duct, guide rive at

;

attain

3.

.

na karia false da kawowa is

dealings

kai

;

also used for

and fro cf labarinsa ya kai koenna the report concerning him went everywhere kdda ta kai don't let to go to

.

;

;

it

To

escape.

this verb

probably to be referred

is tlie

kai in the phrase ba shi kai

hakanan ba or

it

is

it

not so

is ;

kaicho,

1.

cf. kcira.

;

2.

to

kaikaya, a leguminous shrub. kailula (Ar.

kaimi,

;

kaimin kadangare (lizard's spur) a plant with prickly seed capsules about 1 in. long.

kainijia (compound of kai and ijia),

eyelashes.

fully,

to

see kaya.

alas! i.q. kaito^ q.v.

iijJLi), to doze.

kayami^ spur, also used of the spurs of a cock pi.

kawa

;

;

accusation

sation,

accuse;

kainnain

take away, kaiyo to bring, kaya a load, kaiwa a present. kaia, burden see kaya, kaia, a thorn

beaten out.

kaikainya, side-plaits. kaikara, lit. bringing of accu-

too much,

cf.

is

to, ar-

da katvowa

cf kai

;

any grain

or kai nai, plenti-

in great numbers.

kainua, water

lettuce (Pistia

stratiotes, Pistiaceae).

kainya, kanwa, the 'ebony tree

'

(Diospyros mespilifor-

mis, Ebenaceae).

3

!

kainya

kanwa (kwoi),

to lay

season (damana) before the

In the

rain has quite ceased.

eggs.

kaitara, plural kaitarori, the leather thong attached to the

and passed through

saddle

the ring of the girth

(baicji

majayi) to fasten the

kaitaro, see (S.),

taro,

!

fool

;

would

kaka

found suff.

wawa

given to a king

in

pron.

con-

CI

alas for thee,

kaichoni

kaiwa, a present,

or kai-

woe

is

me.

especially one ;

.

approximately

correspond to November.

kaka, pi. kakani^ 2.

1

.

grandfather

D 58 akantarshi-

ancestor;

damu we

hal

kakanmu

a-

be gathered together even to our ancestor shall all

Adam. kS,kabe, intens. form of kabe, q.v.,

brush

to

brushed

a

cf kai.

Hausaland

part of

greater

mu dukamu

seq.

alas

kaitunka

or

latter.

kaicho (K.)

struction with

O

kakari

163

kainya,

kaito

;

tree,

off,

to

to

be

fall,

of

off,

let

to shed leaves.

kaiwa, a large leather sack. kaiya, an exclamation of negation, Why What an idea

kakabi, to marvel as at a thing

kaje, reed buck, cervicapra

kakS,fe, to stick to

!

re-

kajerini, the

name

of a bird.

kazizi, a tuber from

which a cough-medicine, also

see kabri. ;

see kafa.

plied

the children in a

to

home for freed slaves. kakakat or kakat, a word

im-

plying likeness, only used in

made. used interrogatively; cf. kaka sunanka what is your name? kaka ne ka sani how dost thou know"? kaka zaka yi how are you going to manage? In Sokoto yaya is often used for kaka ; kokaka however.

proverbs

rials, is

.

;

frankincense for use at bu-

kaka,

.

fat

kaka-gida*, a nickname ap-

dunca.

kajiji,

never before seen.

kakabra,

how;

k&ka, the harvest season, which lasts about one month and comes at the end of the wet

:

kakakat

ku7tnen

doki, like a horse's car.

kakaki, trumpet, trombone. kakanya, grandmother cf. ka;

ka.

kS,kara, a small piece of ivory, a tooth.

kakarai, without cause. kakarako, crowing; see kaka^ ruko.

kakari, 2.

1.

vanity, vain, untrue;

swelling on hand or foot.

11—2

;

kakartsa kakartsa, to bow

cf karkata.

;

.

kakaruko, kakarako, kukaruku,

n.

crowing (probably

onomatopoeic)

;

cf

agwagwa

.

and talatalu. kakarya, guinea-corn which has sprung up in an unsown

form 136 hanza kalai kalai ha addini the washing of clothes is worthless apart from religion ; generally used with clothes, for reduplicated

B

cf.

away

in war.

kakezua hausa, a

plant re-

sembling ginger, which grows

damp woods

(Costus afer,

Scitamineae).

kaki, to

wash

to

well

and

thoroughly.

kakau* = maikauda, one who

in

kalai* (Ar. ^^), washing of

wanke

farm.

kakat, see kakakat. drives

k&lemu

164

kalami* (Ar. jt>*:)^), words; cf. M. H. p. 220, kalaminsa. ke nan this is what he said. kalango, a drum, made with wood or out of a calabash like an hourand held undei* the arm pressure on the strings alters the sound of the drum. One such would be used by theking'sfool; ci. jaujewhich it

spit.

shaj)ed

is

glass,

kaki, found in compound kakin

;

zumua

bees'-wax.

ka-ki-ganin allah (thou

re-

fusest to look at God), the

name

of a species of horn-

which appears to be always gazing down. kala, used in Gando for palm bill

rib.

kala

5

(cf. (1)

is

a drum similar in shape to

the kalango but of larger

kalankua,

gleaning of harvest, remainder of nuts, food, etc.

;

yin kala

to glean.

size.

a string worn

across the forehead as a cure for

Ar. ^Js, herbage),

1.

2.

headache or as a charm; yin kalankua to look at

anyone in order to encourage him 3. the top layers of brick on a wall, coping stones. ;

kalabi, handkerchief on a wo-

kal^ta, to glean

man's head. kalabta*, to sit down, used of camels, donkeys, etc.

kale, to regard lightly, disre-

gard

;

;

see kala.

see kicde.

to

kalemu, kallemu (K.), 1. 2. the wing of an insect

drink at midday), breakfast,

barbs on an arrow-head be-

midday meal, any meal.

hind the actual point.

kalachi

(cf.

(?)

Ar.

jU,

;

kalgame kalgame

intertwine,

to

(S.),

hook on to. kalgo, kargo (Bauhinia reticulata, Leguminosae), a small tree with slightly fragrant leaves, used for wrapping up food in its bark is used by women for darkening their lips ; from the bark of the ;

made the

kalgo tree are

used to

Gr.

cf.

p.

masuyin daki da

38,

cords

up the reeds in

tie

house building; 1.

138,

kalgo.

kali*, keli*, to shine as metal, a star, etc.

M. H.

p.

below

;

see

kal-

kalilan* (Ar. JjU), a to

1.

ceae), a prostrate herb,

little.

lidi,

q.v.

applied to

2.

a

command, proclamation (Ar. kalkada, kalkade, kankade, karkade, to shake, shake oj0f; kalkada kura to shake off the dust D 5 6a wanan da kan ;

jishi ha shi kalkade ha that let

him

cast

not away.

similar flowers.

kalkashin

piece of cloth. n.

kalikashin,

(S.),

karkashin(K.), under, under-

A

neath, below.

form kalkas

is

shortened

commonly used

as a prep, or adv., underneath,

zomo

kalkashin

(Indigofera

a bush with small leaves and pink

Leguminosae),

kalkeche, wild dog or

kallo, n, gaze, stare to

look

the bottom or base

of anything,

probably formed

from kasa ground.

jackal,

yin kallo

;

carefully

at,

gaze,

ka faye kallona you continue staring at me, makalachi one who stares, in a bad sense. kalma* ( Ar.), word see kaldmi. ;

;

kalmashe, 1. to bend, roll up, make a collar, hem 2. to avoid in pass.

kalmasa, ;

towel, napkin, small

kalkashi,

The name is also Sesamum radiatum

an erect and larger plant with

stare

kalkS.fi,

with

those of

to

head, see kalemu.

command;

which he hears

similar

flowers

kalle (K.), to break. kallemu, the barbs on an arrow

kashin.

kaliye,

Pedalia-

sesamoides,

theca

flowers.

227.

kalikashin,

karkashi (Cerato-

kalkashi,

sp.,

kalia*, falsehood, for karia, q.v. '

kalm^sa

165

B

;

let it be kalmashe with

37 akalmasheta

avoided zuchia

;

=

desire, to

3.

to fail to get one's

be disappointed

;

4.

kalmasJien zuchia illiberality.

;;

kalme

kama

166

kalme, an iron-pointed pick. kalmisa, n. used of rough des-

kS-lo,

rah

halo very fine

;

.

;

2.

kam

my

in

a swellfor

opinion

usually implying a negative

kam=I

statement, ni it is

not

kama,

did not,

I.

lay

to seize, to catch,

hold on, to continue, go on

with;

then in

various

condary applications,

e.g.

kama hainya he took

would not believe;

suka kama tafia they proceeded to march ; kowa ya kam,a gabansa every one took his

own road

the

fire

;

wuta

ta

ka-

used in sense of to be catchable ; ta kamu it is likely is

;

makdma,

q.v.,

that which lays hold or ;

is

makdm,i

arms,

k^ma (Ar.

id.), as, like,

kama wanan

like as;

kam,a used with a word denoting like this

;

measure = about ; with da kamada and kamanda

affixed

=

like as,

according as

(cf.

kdmada to be

like to most commonl}- kdm,a assumes the constr. forms kam.an, kamal, kamar, kaman ivanan like this, kamanda or

ba

;

kan;

ya his

ya

kar)ia I

m,u

;

and bring

to seize

tam^karda), yin

road, pursued his journey;

{~ ya yi)

cf.

se-

kama it succeeds 7ti

kamo

laid hold of, handle

as to, e.g. ni part,

in tens, to catch all of

.

^

to be caught

eaten in soup.

kalulua, 1. a gland ing of a gland.

;

kam,uwa

zom.0 ha shi

dag a zamne a hare is not caught by sitting still ; kam,ame a prisoner; kankama

cf kali.

(a

lun itache a dried-up tree. kalua, seeds of the dorowa tree they are contained in a pod like that of a bean and are

my

fits

prov.

Kanuri word). kalu*, found in compound ka-

kam*,

it

kame

ya kama exactty; kamuwa, ;

capable of being caught

kitsu.

used in expression kdlo

kalu, broth

supplicate;

hakinka keep quiet

woman

habille coiffure of a

pending the proper

^a7??(xA;r{/

kamata)^

abhida ha shi

kama ha

that which is unkdmache to befit, to M. H. become, to behove. 206, cd)iri da shi hai p. kamacheka ha that which is not becoming to you. kdmdta to be becoming and so, to be necessary; ya kamata it fitting,

is becoming, we ought, etc. kamache, to befit see kdma. kamal, kamar, like; see kdma. ;

kamame,

prisoner

;

see kdm.a.

(cf. (?)

become

He retains^ a Hausa; The Kam-

etc. of

ahakivariga.

Fulah kama friend); maikd-

ma

state.

the religion,

Nupe.

friend

partner,

steamed.

kamberi, a man of Hausa parentage born and brought up-

(cf.

fellow,

;

kahama.

N.W.

lies

Ar. rt ^-i^, to

rich),

1.

fine

expen-

up

sive clothes, stored

2.

strength

;

trea-

king

sures, esp. those of a

he

of

shina da kambi

strong.

is

kambi

(S.),

a skin disease, esp.

of horses, yaws.

kambori, kambari, nail, also all

the finger-nails;

shell

;

calico

cf.

finger-

2.

egg-

3. fish scales.

kamtbori* (Ar. is

1.

used collectively for

or

j^oi), fine

brocade,

white

such as

imported from England; alkamura from the same

Arabic

kambu,

root.

a leather

arm guard

;

;

kamfa

kan

168

worn from wrist to elbow, worn by hunters. kamfa, the hole in which grain kashe kamfa to is planted ;

kamshi, kansi, kamsa, scent of any kind;

B

kamsir, applied

of the first sowing.

kamu, kamn,

when, by the cf. sai ka ; shiria kamin na zo you must get ready by the time I come; cf. kafi. D 21 kami mareche until evening A 1 2 kam,i ka zona when thou sittest down till,

until,

time that, before

;

cf. M. H. p. 206, kam,in yi wonka until I have washed. kamk^ima, to utterly capture,

in tens,

kamna

form

see

;

(Ar. ^J^),

kamna

kdma. 1.

an

incense,

2.

169.

go over the ground sowing in the places where the grain has not sprouted as a result

kami,

1.

agreeable smell, ahin kainshi

to the metal

cartridge case used with the flint-lock

gun

to catch

;

maikamsir.

cf.

;

see kdma.

a measure of length from the elbow .to the tip of the middle finger, cubit; a common measure used in selling cloth.

kamua*, a pledge held for money owing. kamunk^fa, the two pieces of cloth

sewn on at the bottom

of native trousers

;

they are

about six inches wide and

love, de-

brightly coloured

;

cf.

wando

kamna

maikaynu trousers embroidered up to the top. kamzo, ^anzo, food burnt on the fire, a dried crust; cf. M. H. pp. 169 sqq., refuse

a thing beloved, ina kamnaka I love thee; B 165 muna

kan*, kana or kanda*, con-

sire, e.g. is

aroused

kamna directs

tax

ta tsaya love

C ^ ya maida ga hanza dunia he ;

his

desires

towards

this vain world, abin

kamna we desire, or with y\ e.g. na yi kamnansa (=ina sonsa)

I

love

him

;

then

;

kan su gama

wanan kana ka

yi

finish this before

you do that,

at seeing a friend;

a

until,

before they have done, kare

v.

cf.

2.

kan-

kam^na, kauna.

kamro,

junctive particle, before that,

to look pleased

kam,na to lose heart;

kamna fuska

yenke

food,

reed-grass

;

kamro a water mouse.

heran

wonchan

B

57 kanda ta rabika before

it

part you.

kan,

if,

allah

when; cf. M. H. p. 228, kan ya so if God will

kan it is

kanga

169 probably an abbreviation

of kadan, q.v.

kan {kam

before h) or ka, a

defective auxiliary, used in

order to give to verbs (1) a frequentative habitual or

roof; sabero su kan jamaa a kaindaki mosquitoes collect in the roof of a house.

kandama, yin kandama tie down thatch on to kandami,

who always performed

kandare

ablutions with sand

subjunctive

his

(2) a

;

concessive

or

sense,

B 137 almajiri shi kam

bida

dengi

would seek tions

;

(3)

nai

the

pupil

his

after

rela-

the sense of neces-

fire

he will

say,

Alas

;

cf.

Gr. p. 28. small, few; used

as pi. of karami, q.v.

kanda, how, the way in which, according to. na kasa ji kanda I am at a loss to ;

cf

.

storey, a

;

to

kande, a name given

to a girl

born after the birth of two or more boys. kandilu, dung

cows

of

or

camels.

or

kandun

ido,

de-

1.

what is on the inside of anything by simply looking at

it

;

2.

charm

a stone used as a to

tied

a

woman's

neck ; 3. evil eye. k^ne, pi. kdnena, kdnaij kanoni, younger brother; for fern, form cf. kanua. kS,ne, kanne, 1. winking; 2. to wink with one eye, yin kanne, id.;

kanniawa winking,

see

kankani.

kanenchi, brotherhood,

kan.

kanda, koda, a dried-up nut. kandaki, pi. kandakuna, composed of kai and daki, lit. head of the house

(S.),

used of skins.

claring

person masc. singular of the

understand

kangare

(K.),

stiff,

kandu

;

little,

be

the

kan, on the basis of; see akan. kana, before see kan*. kana, personal pronoun, 2nd

kanana,

kun-

see

;

kandiri, a long straight walking-stick from Adamawa.

ya

!

continuous present tense

pond

du77ii.

che

sity or certainty, e.g. sai

gamu da wata ya kan kaitaro when he meets

a

roof.

sense cf. A 54 wanan da kan rika taimama the man ;

to

second

room above, apex

of

kanfa*, remainder, Sokoto for saura p.

137,

1.

used ;

cf.

in

Gr.

11.

kanfaie* (S.), shoulder, kanga, a knife see kangar. ;

.

;;

;

kanga kanga, konga, without

plain, flat place

ravine

trees,

M. H. p. 197, na konga the mallain cf.

dila tnalami

jackal

desolate

of

cf.

;

the

is

places

kamjo.

kangalai, a long piece of wood tied beside the ear, projecting

some distance before and behind, used as a punishment for

for thieving.

kangar, kanga,

a rough by pagans,

with circular handle to fit on wrist and blade projecting backwards

2*. cavalry-

;

assembled for war.

kangar a,

;

da kangara

B36;

eye

;

kankada,

to drum, intens. form of kdda. kankale, to scale a fish.

kankama, evil spirit. kankama, new sprouts growing up

after trees or grass

kankama, an intensive form of kdma to seize. kankamna, to dislike, ill-treat kamna.

cf.

kankamo, see

to seize

vigor-

kankana,

little,

kankane,

single one of a which one has been

lost.

species of cucum-

ber or pumpkin.

kankanchi

may

(possibly this

be the French cancan Ara-

^Xi^,

idle gos-

dishonour, humiliation,

anger, quarrelling

;

B

83

mu

sa kankanchi let us put aside

yin kankanchi da to quarrel with cf. prov. talauchi kankanchi poverty quarrelling,

kangi, a leather thong, e.g. the rope by which slaves are fastened neck to neck,

1.

fem. form of

q.v.

fiercely, strong-

kangarua, a

and bring

kdma.

sip),

kango,

have

been cut down.

bicised into

pair, of

the

kdne.

cf.

kankana, a

kangaradda to excite to mutiny cf. rebellion,

adv. phr.

kS,niawa, winking with

1.

knife, used esp.

ously,

kankanchi

170

pi.

kangaye,

desolation;

2.

and ruined house; built without

as a prison

kani, before

kania, anus.

;

;

kangogi,

a desolate 3.

a house,

a door, used cf.

kanga.

see ka^i.

;

is

degradation,

i.e.

there

is

nothing like poverty to humiliate

a

man

ma

;

cf.

M. H.

yi kankanche'

p.

200, ni

I

too will do (him) a bad

turn,

kundumi ga

niache

kankanchi ne baldness disgrace to a woman.

is

a:

;

kankanda kankanda head

kai, to bend the

see kdda.

;

;

found in expr. yin kankanin ido to look with of kane^

the eyes nearly shut.

kankane,

kunkungaba,

kankungaba,

part of the embroidery on

fern,

kmikanwa,

pi.

A 22.

kankanta,

Imlin

littleness, cf.

kankanta childishness.

kankanta,

Gr. 138,

1.

;

commercial metropolis W. Sudan, G 5; cf. 'Hausaland,' pp. 100-123.

the

kansa, himself see kai. kansakali, a sword. kanshi, a sweet smell; ;

see

kamshi.

make

to humiliate,

cf.

kanne, winking see kdne. kano, pronounced kanno, Kano, of the

hankana, kanana^ small, little,

;

.

the front of a tobe.

hinclii.

kankani, a strengthened form

small

found in Hausaland, cf under bareiva.

kankandi, kenkendi, a sack. kankani, to quarrel cf. kan-

few,

kantururua

171

34,

yun-

ya kankanta dunia Yunfa would humiliate the world. lankantawar kai bringing disgrace on oneself. kankara, 1. hail; 2. flint of a t'a

gun.

kankara, kankari, 1. to peel, scrape, rub out cf. makan-

kansua, keasua, a grass which makes horse-fodder. kanta, da kanta callous. kantalma, a large basket. kantara, to bend, tr., kantare be bent

to

:

of

a tree to

grow crooked. kantara* (Ar.), a bridge. kantu, pyramidal load of

salt

;

kara

A

2*. to

38 one to rub out 24 mata

hoe grass,

A

kar ka sata akankari you may not put a wife to hoe grass.

kankashe, to hatch

;

see ken-

kankashi*, haunch, used

of

roach

into the shape

kantu about 2J

ft.

pi.

kanki, major)

kankesai,

cock-

transport across the desert.

hartebeeste :

for

beating leather.

by

women

(bubalis

for list of antelopes

as beads round the

from kain tururua head of the turuT^vcu neck,

see kenkeso.

;

a

of

high for

kantururua, black seeds worn

the cow.

ikankaso, ;

;

made

kantukulo, a small mallet

keshe.

i

such as could be carried on a sugar is also man's head

ant.

probably

; :

kaniia

172

kanua, kanwa,

sister,

fem. of

kane, q.v.

kanumfari

or

equivalent

is

(Ar.

Sokoto

the

cloves,

JuaJji),

kanwa, kanwa,

kanunfari

hanchiii kade.

desire for food, greed.

natron,

saltpetre;

1.

farin kanwa used in making •

jan kanwa used as a medicine 3. kanwa gwangwa4. rasa = maganin haifua kanwa ungurnu used for making armlets with. The natron imported into Hausaland by native caravans is tuo

;

2.

;

;

chiefly obtained

lakes in

from natron

Bornu near L. Chad.

k§,ra

da duchi

to stumble against

a stone, a noun

kdro

wonchan

this

conflicts

with

kara,

also used as

is

wanan ya yi kdro da

;

bleating

any animal

meets that, or that.

the noise of

:

;

karar bindiga

report of a gun.

kara,

1.

cause of complaint

kai kara to bring an accusation

maikawon kara com-

;

plainant

;

ta kaishi

kara she

made a complaint against him 2. to with ga = to accuse ;

call

upon, refer dispute to

a

judge, accuse.

kara, to add to, to increase, tc when fol repeat an action lowed by another verbal forii ;

kanwa,

kyanwa,

cat;

see

keniva.

it qualifies it

kanwuri, open

space, glade in

a wood.

'again,' or

kanzo, burnt food

;

see kamzo,

kap, entirely ya chainye dawa kap he has eaten up all the ;

corn.

in the sense

o:

the adverbs 'more,' 'further,

with a negative

'no more,' 'not again,' etc. e.g. ya kara kuka he con

I

tinned crying, ban kara tashi I did not rise again

;

cf

.

kar ]

kapara, perjury,

used

chiefly

in the phrase yin kapara to

swear falsely

;

cf. (?) kafiri.

kar, a form of the prohibitive particle kdda^ q-v. ; 24 kar ka sata akankari you may not

A

put her to hoe grass.

come together two rams, or as

kS,ra, kS.ro, to

violently as

in the shock of battle

;

kdro

increase. j

k&ra, pi. kdrdre, m. reed, stall or stem of plants e.g. kara', hachi, karan shinkafa stal ;

of corn or rice,

achi the

karan masa^

name of a water ree

often planted near mosques karan jiki a straight well-kni body dan kara a piece ;

corn stalk.

c

{

'>:

karambani,

meddlesomeness cf prov. karambdnin akwia ta yaida kura it is no business of the goat to salute the hyena, i.e. if a man meddles with that which does not concern him he has him-

a secret; cf. fatauchi kara caravan work is not a thing to be talked about; ya yi masa kara he kept the matter quiet for him, ite. he

kara,

did not give him

away

;

ka-

a netting needle;

cf.

(= kazalaha)

rata to keep quiet. k5,ra,

karangama

173

kara

da kara generous.

kara*,

self

for

his

mis-

karambo, a form of smallpox. karami, fem. karama, karamiay

shami.

a town.

pi.

(S.),

thank

fortunes.

karabgari*, a forced entry into

karabka, karauka

to

.

;

high

karamu, kanana, kankanay

little,

small.

karamia, a species of gourd. karamta, smallness see ka^

road.

karafa, ring of metal placed

;

round hands or legs of women.

rami.

karamuski, karamiski, ka-

karafafa, a plural form, strong j

men

;

damiski,

cf. karfi.

karafafa, karifafa, karfafa, to

make strong ya karafafa mayana he emphasized what ;

he said

;

see karfi.

karaga, couch of king or judge, judgment-seat, seat on which a king is carried about. karago, a beggar, a destitute person

;

cf

.

jankarago.

karaia, a two-stringed musical instrument see garaiya. ;

karakashi, the name of a plant. karaki, a tree.

karama,

pi.

karamomi

(Ar.

d^\jj^), wonder, prodigy.

k aramami or kannanii,sprout or stalk of guinea-corn, etc.

karam^ta, a

species of

hawk.

1.

a European cloth

of soft texture

2.

;

a small,

red, velvety spider.

karamuskin-giwa,

a shrub with a red flower, the leaves turn from bright red to green.

karan hanchi, nose

;

bridge of the

cf hanchi. .

karana, kyarana, the giant cactus, the fruit of which is ground up and used as an ointment.

karanchi,

abstr.

n.

from ka-

rami, a small quantity

ka-

;

ranchi ddga mutane few men.

karandefi (S.), corn stalks used by tanners,

karangama,

ladder, steps

;

see

;

karangaza

;;

174

karangaza, lung sickness

of

cattle.

karangia, karengia, karingia (pennisetum

a

distichum),

grass, the prickles of

which

karba

karasa, to complete, succeed in doing something. karata, to keep a thing quiet see kara.

karatu

(Ar.

I^lji),

.reading,

stick to the clothes; the seeds

are used for food, especially in the northern part of

Hausa

land on the borders of the

karangoda, a small male ;

ante-

A 9 wanan karatu

education,

hamza ne

Hamza

desert.

lope

then story, language, words,

;

this is the story of

yin karatu with

cusative, to read

;

ac-

makaranta

school.

cf goda. .

karanna, giant cactus;

see

see kdro.

;

karauka, high road;

karana.

karanta

kS,rau, armlet

(Ar.

tji),

to read.

karantasda, karantasa, karantashe, to teach ya karantasdashi he taught him to

see

ka

rabka.

k&raurawa,

bells

sheep and goats,

attached to etc.

;

breaking.

read.

karantseyi, the tearing of a gown.

karapata

(S.),

shoulder.

karapta (cf. (?) Ar. wJji, to draw near), with da^ to meet a person coming from opposite direction, e. g. ya karapta dashi.

k^r^r^, a tall leafy twiner covered with prickly tuberous hairs which cause severe itching on the skin (Mucuna pruriensis, Leguminosae). karara, a woman without child,

karayar zuchia trembling of the heart; M. H.

yin karaya to break; proverb laudi ba karaya ba bending is not breaking p. 64.

cf.

cf.

karya,

id.

karaya, a long fish like a dogfish with large head. karba, karbi, snatch cf.

2.

;

1.

to take,

to

to accept, receive

;

karba ba I do not

ba7i

believe it; M. H. p. 221, ya karba he consented; 3. to suit,

agree with, inga nan ba\

ta karbeni this dress does not

barren.

karareyo, a karari,

karS,ya, trembling, excitement,

brittle grass.

cleanness,

piireness

suit

me

;

4.

man let me

to relieve a

of his load, en karbeka

I

j

{

rua da karari pure water.

give you a

lift,

karban

rai\

;

!

karbainya the receiving of a man's spirit at death,

oneself

;

karha rtiagana to karho to take to

answer,

karereya

175

hence the imperative

knrho recei\'e

!

cf.

karha take

maikarar kwana one who at the point of death,

makaren

end.

defi

of arrow wounds.

a healer

Also used

impersonally to qualify ad-

karbainya, a thorny shrub.

verbially other verbs,

karbawa, answer. karche (S.), to wipe

magana ya ;

see karta.

hanging river banks (Mimosa pigra, Leguminosae).

kardua, a goat in milk. k^re, fern, kdi'ia, pi. karnuka (Kanuri

keri),

house-dog;

clog; cf.

kdren

pro v. aje

karenkadonkaren gidan woni keep a dog for yourself because of the dog in another's house,

i.e.

ya yi

kare he finished

speaking ya kare is frequently used impersonally = ;

kardaji, a thorny shrub over-

(/Ida

be prepared with

it is

enough, the matter

kare,

to

ward

oJff,

interpose

obstacle between oneself and

another

they shrank from him.

;

the cooking (ddfa)

;

sun kare

da

shi

ya

kare gari ddga he defended the city against.

kare (cf. (?) Ar. js, to stop, be done with), 1. end, e.g. D 85 gidan kcvre an abode which comes to an end, lit. house of end 2. v. tr. to end, finish as V. intr. to come to an end, e.g. B 74 da kai da dunia ku kare duk thou and the world ye shall both come to an end. abinchi ya kare may either

mean

at

;

with which you will be atkdrem huki a nicktacked, for the jackal.

is

an end. karewa ending, end, an intensive form karkare to come utterly to an end, is found, cf. B 141 dunia zata ta karkare this world shall come utterl}' to an end makdra or makdre end.

the same weapons as those

name

is

karshe

is

ended or the food is at an end. ^aren kumolo breakfast.

kare-dengi, the helmet shrike (prionops plumata), so called

because

its

blood

is

used in

certain poisons.

karembiki, a woman about to give birth to a child.

karengia, a thorny grass

;

see

karangia.

karentsaye, to tear. karera, the large intestine = tumhurkunia.

karereya, an intensive form of karya to break.

;

karewa karewa, end

see kdre.

;

karfafa, to wax strong, strength-

en

see karji.

;

karfashi,

(K.),

a

somewhat

re-

karfS,sa

species of fish

a

sembling

spiny back

with a

perch,

only used of animals. kar-

karfi, karifi, pi. karafa, faifai, karfuna,

karfi

brass

da

;

;

1.

strength,

2.

karfi

jan

iron;

powerful

maikarifi strong.

na

kawo mani shi okankdrithQve was brought me just what I was longing for. k^ri, young deleb palm before the main trunk has grown up.

kari, abundance, increase

fin.

karfata, karifata, the shoulder,

power

karia

176

F

84 su-

karfe hali they have a

;

see

kdra to increase; ya ke neman kari he is asking for more.

karia, bitch, fem. of kdre. karia, masc. or fem., story;

what

2.

is

story, falsehood, lie;

D

tale,

1.

merely a

B

107,

Hence the expression

7.

karfafa

gidan

strong;

mag ana to enjoin M. H. p. 197, a%o

house of falsehood, opposed to gldan gaskia the place to which all go when

let them come and use their strength; ka?'-

they die until ranan gohe. karia and gaskia are often

strong disposition, to strengthen,

karfafa strictly;

wax

su karifafa

karfi or

karifa very strong, karipi

is

sometimes used for

an iron cooking-pot

it

;

is

also applied to the striking

of a clock,

what karfu*, cf.

cf.

karifi

nawa

this

present

lit.

used as masculine words, karia ne

it

karia to

lie,

the

lie

to

;

is

false,

cf.

yenke

kariata to give cf . ankariatashi

he was contradicted,

kari-

achi falsehood, makariachi a

o'clock is it? pi. karfuna'*',

karia

world,

a whip;

liar.

karia, a cactus-like shrub with

kurafu.

kargo, the name of a tree

;

see

red

flowers

kargo, a red and white ram. k^ri, meaning karin magana a proverb see kere. dokin kS,ri, longing, desire for ;

;

;

kdri the coveted horse; an-

(Pachy podium

Apocynaceae).

lealii,

kalgo.

karia, defence,

protection,

a

shield.

karia,

break

karie, ;

ryewa.

kariewa,

toi

see karya, karye, ka-

;

kariachi

turned off from it (the road), of a canoe to swerve aside;

kariachi, see karia. kariba, to take

kariegalma

;

see karha,

(hoe-breaker),

plant with hard

woody

a

stalk

and small yellow flower from which an ointment for bruises is

made.

karifata, thigh

;

see karfata.

karikache, to bend, see karkache.

karikara or karkara, kcurkaroni

karori,

ji^),

karkashin

177

the

pi.

kar-

(cf.

Ar.

cultivated

land

round a town or village cf. prov. komi nesan jeje da karkara agdba however long the journey through the forest there are homesteads ahead cf. M. H. p. 204, tajiri da shi ke karkara nan the merchant who is in this district. karikari, karkari, to draw,

cf.

mutum

karkdta.

sition,

man

akar-

bad dispokai karkache you have

kache a

of

done wrong. karkachi, 1. a game played by children 2. a jest. karkachi, (eat not) a poisonous plant with narrow leaves and ;

mauve

bilabial flower, like a

foxglove.

karkade, to

shake

see

off";

kcdkada.

;

rhinoceros.

karkara, cultivated land

;

karkara, kwarkwara, a tree with back-turned thorns, the bark of which is used as a medicine for sore throats, a gum is obtained from it.

gracious.

q.v.

karingia, a thorny grass; see karangia.

karkari,

kaririye, to break up, an in-

karkarifa, very strong, an

tensive form of karya, q.v.

tensive form karifi, q.v.

kariya,

kariye,

see

karya,

karye.

to

draw,

scrape,

scratch; see karikari.

karkaro,

wrist

bangles;

in-

see

karo.

karka, an abbreviation of kdda ka do not thou. karkache, karikache, to be

karkas, underneath ; see karkashi, a synonym for

karkashin,

ya karkoAiheta he

kalkashin.

;

R. H. D.

seq.

tsalia

anus.

bent, to totter, also to leave (a road)

see

karikara.

karkare, to come utterly to an end, intensive form of kare,

drag.

karlmu* (Ar.^^j^),

karkanda,

underneath

;

12

see

;

kark&ta

178

and by metathesis

karkata, hakartsa^

rana midday

1.

to bend, decline;

ta karkata it

cf.

2.

;

to

is

past

bow with head

to one side so as to listen

intently

D

32

with kunua

;

^it

ear,

karkata kunua en

gaia inaku gaskiana give

may

tention, that I

at-

explain

you the truth which I have, ka kakartsa kunua naka 3. to make a misto

F

7 abokina ;

take

cf karkache. .

;

kark&ta,

n.

karki, to

finish.

crookedness.

kartaje

an armlet made

Nupe women. karo,

1.

partnership, clubbing

goods together

;

a deposit.

2.

meet see Mra. karo, 1. a kind of gum put in ink 2. kdron maje, a sort of gum drawn from a tree and kS,ro, to

;

;

used for perfumes. karo, the butting of rams and metaph. the ram itself pushing with the head. karofi (K.), dye-pits; kurdin :

on dye-pits or on

karofi tax

karkia, yoke, Y-shaped, put on

natron

of

(kanwa), especially worn by

irrigated plantations.

necks of slaves, also a stick

karoka,

tied to a dog's neck to prevent

karoki, boards, paddles. karoro, a bag of cowries

it from biting the holder. karko, n. end, ending; cf. B 71, karkomu dunia duk karewa

as

for

this

our

world

come

to

it

continuance in shall completely

an end

;

cf.

karshe.

karma, idleness, profligacy, mischief, used with dan or yan as

prefix

to

denote

idlers,

loafers, profligate, also applied

women with whom men consort. karmami, stalk of corn

such

to

road, highway.

;

cf.

kororo.

karpashe, a fish. karri, meaning see karsana, a heifer.

kdri.

;

karsani, vigorous, active. karshe, end, the last used adverbially B 94 domin abinda ;

zashi gani

karshe

for

that

which he will see at the end makarshe the last; cf. hdrey karko.

;

see

karta

(K.),

wipe, wipe

karamdmi.

karmatako, white clay. kami, kasni, kauri, smell

karche off"

;

to run very hard of

burning, a putrefying smell.

(S.),

to

karta da gudu :

to clean

the land of grass. kartaje,

a

scraper

used

by j

k^ro,

kdrau,

pi.

karaurawa,

leather-dressers.

;

karu, to abound, to increase, used of the sun, to rise high, e.g. rana ta karu the sun rose

high in the sky, opposed to

rana

yana karua

ta ragu.

is

being increased

;

see

karu, twigs of wood put at top of net (taru) and used as cork floats.

I

.

a bad woman. !

karuanchi,

see karoki.

;

karusa, a word used by the Hausas in N. Africa for a carriage.

i

karya, a plant from which a poison is obtained, also a lotion for the itch

i

;

cf karia. .

karya, karaiaya, n. a fracture. karya, karyi, karye, to break, to spend money karya azu^ni to breakfast ka karya mani zuchia you break my heart, you discourage or dishearten me; karyewa breaking; ka;

;

>

rarre broken; id.

;

iia

kasa, to win at dara ; cf kdshe ; kasa kune to pay attention. k§.sa, pi. kdsashe, kdsaisai

earth, soil

;

;

1.

the ground

2.

akasa on the ground, usually to akass; hence

(cf.

down below

abisa above);

na kasa m.,

one beneath, the lower; ahin kasa = worms, etc. used as an adv. tafo kasa, shido kasa come down 3. land, country in a geographical sense kasan hausa — Hausaland. kasa, to put down, to lower to the ground; shortened to ;

!

I

I

tion of kalkashin^ or akass.

kasa, an exclamation of surprise.

ta kasa fem., used as adj., the

boots.

karuki, paddles

I

kill.

used to express,

profligacy.

I

I

to

shortened

karufa, pi. karufai, high riding-

i

up, to scatter.

kas, an abbreviation of kdshe

.

karua, bad woman, prostitute cf prov. da auren karua gara kiivon zakara better keep a cock to lay eggs than marry .

j

branch broke; kakarya to break open, break to pieces; kaririye^ karereya to break

kas, underneath, an abbrevia-

kdra. \

kasa

179

karu

it

;

karaya,

q.v.,

karye I have broken

something, I have sustained

a fracture ; reshe ya karye the

kass,

kass

nata

A

used fig. 29 anso ta rauria chikin magana ;

her be willing to

let

lower her voice in speaking, to fall short of, to lack,

hence to one,

disappoint ha ya kasa mani

fail one,

e.g.

komi ha he

failed

me

in no-

M. H. p. 219, SU71 kasa zama they have been

thing;

cf.

12—2

kasa

180

restless

also to

;

to give

fail,

ya kasa sukansa his heart failed him when about to in

;

make

man

a thrust; kasashe a

no account, something which fails or falls short of of

a standard kasasda to decline ; ina kasasda karifi I am ;

growing weak

make

lower,

kasashe

;

to

;

'

kashi portion.

see kdshe.

;

kasada, 1 to believe in, to rely on God ; 2. to enquire God's will from a mallam. .

be great, to be

fully developed

nan ya

;

cf.

zakaran

kasaita that cock

is

magnificently developed.

kasala (Ar. J>I^), found in compound maikasala, abeggar

who

used like

to continue, remain;

kasanki, old thread-bare cloth, kasanta, 1. v. to defile; 2. n. ;

see kazamta.

kasantada, to build, kasarantam, meddlesome. kS,sari, a

water

;

mixture of bran and

cf.

;

man

no account;

of

see kasa.

kasashi, a fog or haze. k^sau, nakedness na iskeshi kdsau I found him stark ;

naked. kS,sau*, kSiSO, killing, murder;

cf.

kasa.

kasausawa, a kind

of

long

not used for throw-

spear,

or chasbi, beads (Ar.),

kasegi,

forked iron stick on neck of a horse. kaseri or kasari (used in Sokoto for tsari which is used in Kano), the water in which corn

etc.

which

is

has been washed,

given to horses to

drink.

kash, an exclamation of annoyance.

kashe

;

see kashi.

(K.), to exist;

see

kc(r

kashe, to overpower, bring to the ground, condemn, overthrow alkali ya kasheni the judge condemned me; to beat in a gambling game, cf. M. H. p. 172, daia ya kashe daia ;

the one beat the other.

see kaseri.

kasasake*, plates; p. 72.

less

shi.

tabeta.

uncleanness

kasashe, a

kashe, a portion

refuses to work,

kasanchi,

grow

ing.

kS,sa, kisa, to kill

to

to

kcisa.

kasba

kasa, python.

kasaita,

kasasda,

ous

less.

kasa, to divide up into small lots for the market cf. '

kashe

cf.

M. H.

kSiShe,

kS.sa,

kisa,

kdsau murderous

;

to of

kill;

money,

I

;;

kashe

ya kashe kurdi kurdi hanza I wast-

to spend, e.g.

na

kdslie

ed

my money

;

magdna

kisa

to end conversation; kasso go and kill (someone) and come

back

intens.

;

forms karkdshe,

kdkkashe, to slaughter.

kashe kamfa, second time

to

sow land a pro-

(S.),

(Kats.), next day = wanshekare (S.). kasheri, a kind of stork. kashi, a violent beating hada kashi to flog ; han kashi a

kashegari

;

rout

ambasu kashi

;

they were routed.

dung

kiashi,

idiom

:

;

part.

kashi, pi. kasusua, bone, F 175; kashin ido = long ridge over tsotso

backbone.

cf.

kashe.

kaska, vermin infesting

horses,

goats, etc., a tick.

kaskaifi

(edge-destroyer),

a

plant with a long narrow and

dung) a small shrub with a rough lanceolate leaf kdshin-tdma the scum from molten iron. kashi, kashe, portion; na raba kashi kashi I divided

into

it

fudu anraba

dunia the world into four parts;

is cf.

divided

kasa to

2.

1.

to be, to exist,

to continue

en ka shiru kashe tinuest silent,

if

;

B

54

thou con-

kashi

called

(mouse's

tail)

away

in disgust, to despise,

dishonour

;

makaskachi, mai-

kaskasta oppressed.

kaskastache,pl.tete^it (from kasa earth), lowly, mean. kaskastu, keskestu, n. tribal marks on face. kaskawani, a small herb with white flowers, rubbed on the skin in order to cure crow-

divide into portions.

kashi, kashe,

sometimes

:

kaskasta, keskesta, to tattoo. kaskasta, kuskunta, to drive

(goats'

kashi

flowers

to get

kashin awaki

trouble,

;

su

kisa

(Uraria picta, Leguminosae).

ahanu

39

muna

or

rike

into

;

n. killing, e.g.

ka yita kashi, makdsa a vital

vmchiar-hera

hjxishe kashi

heaps

k&shi, kisa,

hairy raceme of small purple

flogging. n.

seldom occurs in colloquial Hausa.

kS,shinkai, kisankai, murder;

hibition, warning.

kashi,

quently found in written but

eyes, kashin kai skull, kashin

see kamfa.

;

kasheji

kashedi,

D

kasko

181

is

fre-

crow kasko,

;

cf

pi.

.

kiskauami

kasake,

sl

(?).

vessel

made

of clay, round, without top, of

medium

size

;

i.e.

larger

;;

kasni

than huta, smaller than tulu dainyen-kasko an unbaked pot, hence

an unreliable

per-

kami, kauri, a

kasni,

smell

burning, smell of putre-

fying flesh

kamshi.

cf.

;

verb kdshe to kasso,

kill

!

1.

a

flint

with a flint. kasua, kyasuwa, a species of

kasua, kausua a market in which

(Zanf.),

some

special article is sold,

meat,

bread,

grass for

animals, any market or market-place, trade;

cf.

M. H.

203, 8uka chi kasua they

on trade dan kasua a man brought up about marcarried

;

kets, or a small trader; allah

shi

a wall.

katambiri, marks painted on faces of women the dye used is

made

of the fruit of the

dirt}?-

water

katanga,

is

thrown,

wall of a hut:

1.

sherds of pots,

katantanwa, 2.

1.

2.

etc.

untimely birth;

snail shells,

katar, good luck,

grass.

kasuwa,

p.

wood

katami, kwotami, a hole where

match to strike fire with kestu wuta to strike fire

e.g.

thin laths of

kiriya tree,

kill.

see kdshe.

kastu, kestu, ketu, 2.

antidote for poisons.

katamba*,

;

kass, a shortened form of the

or

katalla, an emetic used as an

such as are used in building

son.

of

kato

182

bada kasua a salutation

to a traveller.

kaswa, kazua,

katara*

slight sw-ell-

pi.

kataterri,

thigh-bone,

katarsa*, to gratify a wish,

D

70.

kateri, katteri, success, good luck,

katerta*

(cf.

(1)

Ar. J£4, digmaikaterta ;

nity), prosperity

prosperous, katifa,

kato, 1.

to wish.

kS,tara, katarra,

D

83.

katifu, mattress.

pi.

fem.

katuwa,

pi.

ing anywhere on the body

katon itache a strong

2. itch.

M. H.

kata, a bowl in which (Fulani)

women

sell

butter.

katagi*, gida katagi a wellbuilt house {% M. H. p. 70.

katakara,

lesser bustard.

kata^

strong male or female (slave);

p.

(strong

name

tree,

228; katon kano

man

of

Kano) the

of a tree often planted

in lines.

kato*, spoon.

pi.

katoch% katuna, a

;

;

kauri

183

katsa katsa,

n.

wiping,

a

of

e.g.

(lisli.

katsa, katse, to tear, to come to an end ; katsewa tearing, katsari, a tree from which a

kauchi, a parasite which grows on various trees (Lo van thus globifera, Lovanthaceae).

kauda, kaushe

(before pron.),

to take or put away, remove,

katse, to wipe.

withdraw see kawa. kauda, koda, a dried-up

katsi, to untie, unloose, break

kaule, a blue stone.

charm

•

is

made.

;

off.

gamu

;

met.

katumi, a charm

;

cf

hatuin%

.

id.

katuwa, fem. form

kato,

of

q.v.

kau,

C

give place, go

1.

20 en ka ga

tsofa

away; nan ka

kau nana when thou

che .

per-

ceivest her age thou wouldest

say to her. Depart from here; cf. kauche. 2. to spread out ;

kawa, used

kau, etc.

kau

kauna, liking, respect cf bani kaunarka be friend s. yenkan kauna destroying good will. ka' yenke mani kau7ia you ;

B

23 6a su katsu they have never

(Ar.), ever

katsu*

or

for

kua

kawo

in

Sokoto

also.

(a

Fulani word),

uncle.

kauchara, alkauchara, the river of paradise,

F

214

;

cf.

Koran cviii. kauche, cf. D 13, ta kan wanyi duka babu kauche it shall include everything, there shall

be no getting away from it kdda ku kauche kainku do not duck your heads; cf. kawa, kau.

nut.

.

have forfeited my regard, maikaunarka your real friend. kaunato cupboard love, na kaunato sarki I want the king to do me a good turn, kaura*, to remove, e.g. a tent, to wander.

kaura, a species

of red guinea-

corn given to horses.

kaura, a

title of

respect usually

given to a king's son;

Katsena = a

in

general.

kaura, n. removal, migration, makaurachi the place migrated

to.

kaura, an evil spirit which makes men fight. kaure, the covering of a door see kiaure.

kauri,

kabri

corpulence,

(cf.

fat

;

Ar. jl^), ba

ta

da

kauri she is not gross, kauri, kasni, kami, the smell

;:

kaushe a

burning,

of

putrefying

smell.

lili

they would give a reason to change colour. The

2. intr.

kaushe,

to

take away;

see

kauda.

kaushi, roughness, unevenness of surface.

kausua

market;

(Zanf.),

see

following are allied forms kautva to remove, kawas, kawasda, kawarda to take away, put away, disperse, over-

kauda

throw,

to put away,

remove, withdraw

kasua.

kauwa, to remove see kawa. kauwe, kauwai, quiet, silent, ;

it is also

used in the sense of

simply, only, alone;

kauwera*, a

flat

cf.

kawoi.

place near a

house.

used with turn the head away

kai, to

;

so as not to look at anjrthing,

hence to move the head so as express dissent,

to

kauche

kawo

kai to duck the head,

to bring, bring near, to bring

kauwi,

tribe,

people belonging

to a particular town.

kauye,

kawa

184

is; intr. to arrive at, reach,

kauyuka (Ar. aj^), a small village; kauye, dan pi.

kauye a yokel

to the place where the speaker

mun kawo kawo ga

ya ; he reached akawoshi let it be {= isso) gari

sariki

the king,

kauyenchi a gidan kauye (scattered houses), an expres-

brought here, kawawa, kawowa, particip. forms ; D 7

sion used to describe appear-

ku

ance of a blighted maize cob where the grains are few and

karia leave off false dealing,

between; the word is probably derived from the

bringing back falsely

rustic dialect

;

;

far

;

171 ha ni ragi kauye ha I

will

not decrease even the

edge, koivien

rua edge

of a

stream, outskirts of a town,

akauye on one side

kawa, ward

1. ;

give

kawu

to take,

D 46 si^

;

cf.

prec.

bring for-

kan kawa da-

kawawa na

up taking away and ;

to be brought,

carry

following.

kauye, kowi, kowie, side of a body or edge of anything

B

lit.

kai da

her

(q.v.)

pass.

kai to

apparently be-

longs to the same root.

kawa, used or

kau

in Sokoto for

kua

also.

kawa, longing, desire for, friendship, only

used of women.

kawa, a female

friend,

friend of a bride

with the bride is

married.

the

who remains

till

the latter

-;

kawaichi

kawaichi, to conceal seekawoi. kawainia, kowainia, bangle ;

1.

silence; yin

lence;

alone, only; ba

si-

komi

achiki sai abinchi kawoi there

kawalwalnia,

is

vapour

rising

(An^^-i), to ;

esti-

aka-

E 7,

wcmiata

heads,

pi.

of kai, q.v.

kawanya

(K.),

a round piece

kawara, a palisade. kawara, alkawara, cowries; kaivara, specially used of the

throw of the ling (chacha)

shells in ;

gamb-

to take a-

kawashe, to kawazuchi,

covet

D 13;

see

(cf.

dicate

kawu,

participial cf.

form of kawa.

Ar. rt t^^), to absariki

;

;

uncle

;

ya kawu.

see kawo.

species of ficus yield-

ing a milky juice like rubber;

a stone in the path.

kaya, kaia, pi. kayayaki, masc, load, burden, goods;

Cll

ya kunchi kaya nai he unties his

kauye.

kawia, a red earthen powder used to stain women's eyeV)rows and for making ink.

goods

tools,

;

2.

apparatus

instruments, ;

cf.

kayan

tuo dishes, eatables, ya yi ka-

large shady tree, with

yan hawa he dressed himself as a slave, M. H. p. 223. kayan daga battle-arms, shield, etc., kayan yaki id., kayan ado

woody pods

ornaments, trinkets,

to bring near, to bring;

kawa. (Afzelia

wanzensis, Leguminosae) ; (laivo.

kawu

species of

tail.

kaivo, bringing

1.

ousness.

kawechi*, edge, end,

with red

fish

kawwa,

purge. grasping,

still!

see gamji.

way, disperse; see kawa.

thick

akawaita be

kawaichi silence, concealment, e.g. of a crime.

kawuri, a

see kurdi.

kawas, kawasda,

see

pass,

kawowa,

of anything, circle.

kawo, a

kawaita to be

silent, only, still;

just

it is

kauwe, kauwi quiet,

kawora, kawara, a

D64.

kawo,

nothing inside but food

wind,

distribute.

mate, to fix a price for

kawana,

2.

only; iskan kawoi

hot sun, mirage.

kawama, to kawamata*

i

a maternal uncle.

kawaita, to be still; see kawoi. kawalia, a procuress. in

j

kawo,

k&woi, kSiWai,

kaivoi to be silent, keep

or finger ring.

i

kaya

185

cf.

yan ddka a as

is

used

etc.,

ka-

large pestle such for

beating up

kaya guinea-corn;

my

3.

C

gift;

iS na

kayana I made ready

shiria

gift.

;

bones in a fish (the spine is kashi). kaya kaya rustling

wind

kayeta a

in trees,

quantity of thorns, impossible to M^alk over

gum-bearing

kayar knsu

kaya a

tar a

;

tree.

(mouse's thorn), a

prickly twining

plant with

tuberous root used in making

medicine (Similax

sp.,

Lilia-

= marin kusu. kayar rakumi, a thorny shrub ceae)

= zazari

giwa.

kayar-da, to throw down

;

see

kada.

kaye,

common

fowl of Yoruba,

lit.

duck, sa kaza drake.

thus;

so,

1.

used to point out a certain person or thing which is to 2.

be nameless, so and so, such and such (cf. use of wane) na hashi ahu kaza I gave him such and such a thing ya fadi kaza da kaza he said so and so, ahu kaza such and

;

;

such a thing. kazaf,

kazap (Ar.),

abuse, false

accusation.

,

kazalaha, interference in the affairs of another = karamhani.

kazallatua, a nickname for one who interrupts a conversation.

kayataswa,

kayaya

yariha,

ka,za (Ar. IJ^^),

kaya, pi. kayayua, kayoyi, fem thorn kayar kiji the small

of

kazgainya

186

excellence.

kazami, fem. kazama,

ka-

pi.

(K.), pi. good.

pi.

kdyoyi^ n. overthrow,

zdmai (Ar.

juj-i),

1.

dirt

;

2.

dirty, unclean, vile,

condemnation.

kayes, kayer; kayesda, kayerda, to throw, knock down, condemn.

kayo, to bring to the place where the speaker is see kai.

kazamta, kazanta, uncleanness, refuse.

kazan, kMan (S.), if. kaza-rua, a black water

bird,

darter.

;

kaza, kasa*, pi. kaji, hen, fowl; kaza miaiyaya or kaza da ya-

kazata*(S.), to run away cf.

(?);

Gr. p. 137, 1.7.

ya the constellation 'Hen and Chickens which appears

kazaza

when the rainy

kazgainya, a female animal

'

season

is

com-

ing ; kazan duchi a species of quail (microperdix)

;

kazan

(cf. (?)

Ar. J^), hump-

back.

(e. g.

a sheep or goat) which

has not yet had young.

i

I

;

kazgama kazgama,

scratched, grizzled,

used of a warrior, a masculine woman. kazinzemi, kazunzmni, bug.

kazizi, a tuber

;

kazua, kazwa,

see kajiji. itch

cf.

;

home

deserter or lingerer at in time of war.

ke, 2nd pers. fem. sing, of the disjunctive personal pronoun, i.e. it

would be used in an-

swer to the question who, cf. Gr. p. 10. It is used with the preposition da, e.g. dake with you (f.), but maki to .

you(f.).

ke, the emphatic form of the

2nd

pron.

pers.

kawoshi

brought

it it

;

fem. ke ki

is

you

cf.

kai.

(f.)

ke

subject

is

nan of

so it

is

is,

who are,

The

is.

common

while that of ne

gender,

masc. and

The verbal forms ending in ke are most commonly used in asking quesof che fem.

answer to a question in which this form has been used. Ex. mi ku ke yi what are you doing? tions or in the

Ans. aiki working.

—

mu

;

see kan-

sua.

keau, usually pronounced kiyo, 1. beauty (physical), da keau handsome, beautiful 2. also used of moral beauty, good, kind. Hence the phrase da keau well, it is well; this is used to express assent; B 135 en ta yi keau if she act well maikeau beautiful, kekeawa, a redupl. form of keau, kekeawan hali a good disgreat beauty; position, 1.

A

2.

very good, very

pi.

form keawawa

cf.

mata hiu keawawa two

beautiful

women

fine. is

found,

keke-

cf.

;

awa.

keaun-kira

(S.),

a horse,

of

well built.

ke, defective subst. verb, e.g. shi

keasua, grass fodder

;

kas-

wa.

kazum,

kebanche

187

we

ke yi

are

Followed by da

to have, to possess

da su we have them.

;

m?6 ke

keaure, door cover see haure. keauro, kyamro, see kemru. keauta, 1. an act of kindness, benevolence; yin keauta to show favour, do a kindness, e.g. ka yi masa keauta. thou didst a favour to him 2. a ;

;

gift,

a present.

keautata, to

make

a

thing

good.

keautaye, to keautayenka

bless

God

aUah

;

give

shi

you

prosperity.

kebanche, kebanta, rate,

distinguish.

to sepa-

;

kSbe

kenwa

188

k§be, to separate, mark

off,

except, akebe separate, apart cf.

.

klha.

ward show

kebe, iron stirrup. keche, kiche, to rend;

see

measure),

account, reckoning;

see ki-

daya.

a town with a fence or

stockade round kefifia, tortoise

kegarua,

;

of prosperity

kekewa, the

p.

cry of the jackal.

n.

pictus).

kembi, a

disease

kirkeshi,

a

of

wolf

horses,

refusal to share food .

(K.),

in

the

pi.

kamare, arrow-shaft.

kenda, kendu, a spot. kenge, a plank made of giginia wood.

dryness.

kekashe, kekassa, a tobe.

kelkeche, (Lycaon

made of palm planks. kemru, kyemru (S.), kyauro

swelling

expose to the

ground.

128), echo;

hands. kek3.sa,

flat

with another ; cf kurulla. kemi, kiauren kemi a door

keje, a reed buck.

a

cf

see

;

see kogua.

kekarai,

;

kele, a small length of cloth.

kememe,

see kififia.

fortification

kegua (M. H.

for-

out-

yaws.

it.

kdgara.

e.g.

kdma

kekua, hard, open,

kedaya (cf. (?) Ar. j^,

good

is

also kikiyawa.

keta.

keffi,

good appearance tune; kekeawa

to air, to

air,

to

dry,

kekasashe^ fern.

kenke,

worry,

to

cause

to

trouble.

kenkendi, a sack

;

see

kan-

kekasashia^ pi. kekasasu, dried,

kenkeshe,

aired, dry.

kekata, trouble brought on by one's

own

acts.

keke, cloth, made of blue and white alternate strips. keke, kyekye (used on the coast, etc.), a cart or wheel,

a wheel-barrow, carriage.

word

is

The

not Hausa.

kekeawa, kakyawa, see under keau cf. M. H. p. 202, kekeawa kama kekeawa arziki ;

kankashe,

kesa, to hatch or kenkasa to

;

cf.

ken-

kenkesa

sit on eggs. aa tana kenkesa has she hatched her brood ? No, she is still sitting. kenkeso, cockroach. kenki, an antelope ; see kanki. kente, a hoe = kurugga.

ta kenkeshe

?

kenwa, kyanwa, f. keanwa, pi. kenwuna and kenwai^ cat, wild or tame cat

;

it is

used

;

;

kepta as the feminine of cf.

muzuru

;

mu!ia.

kyapta, v. in phr. kepta ido to wink keptawa, kiptawa winking keptaivan ;

;

ido a

moment

of time; kepta-

fva

da gani the twinkling of

an

eye.

cf.

I ran hard

dakir.

anvil

forge

;

see kira.

a

;

nudcera

cactus-like

a

(S.),

anointest his face ;

cf. ki-

rinjijia.

kerkera,

kerkara,

kirkira,

used of a hen, yin kirkira to

cackling.

eu-

hammer-shaped

used by

hunters

for

throwing at birds. kere, to hang up,

e.g.

meat, to

magana he under-

stands, he has his wits about

him; an expression applied

man who

understands

the drift of what another is saying from his opening

keren

2.

1

.

mat made

old

of grass

old rags, old clothes, or

old rug.

kestu, ketu, a

flint

with which

see kastu.

;

kesu, 20,000 cowries;

cf.

ko-

roro.

kere, kari, understanding; ya yi keren

keso,

see karkia.

;

to strike fire

erect the ears.

;

when thou

with utter darkness

kerku, iron pole. keskestu, kaskastu, tribal marks cut on the face.

white viper (echis carinatus).

words

rana ka

kerkia, yoke

kerbubua, a short black and

to a

67,

shafa dufu kirim, hnska tasa

an

phoi'bia.

stick

A

cf.

cackle.

to

keranna,

k§r§

haki kerin very

haki, ;

q.v. (Ar.), n.,

na gudu ker

kera,

with black

kepta,

ker,

ketare

189

magana

used to denote a

is

also

proverb,

keta, wrong, injury, evil; see kita.

keta (Ar.

*Li), to cut,

tear, split

ya

;

cf

keche

.

;

rip,

alfijir

glimmer of ya keta hadi he broke the law; keta da keto the first

light appeared

;

daria to laugh heartily; ketua splitting.

an innuendo, or any hidden meaning anawaka kari kari

ketara,

they are

yin ketara to cross. ketare, sometimes pronounced

pi.

ketare -ketare,

n.

;

singing

songs of

various meanings. k§ri, falsehood ; yin keri to

lie.

kerin, kirin, kirim, very; used

ci'ossing

etare

;

(cf. (?)

Ar. jii, to tra-

verse a country),

to

cross,

;

ketare

190

pass over,

pass

by,

ki

trans-

oflf

home

shekara ya kewayo

;

gress a law, skip in reading.

a

ketaruwa capable of being crossed, ha shi ketaruwa it cannot be crossed, ketare da

came round again;

(S.) or

(before pron.),

to

make

to

ya

ke-

him

tarsasa he ferried

rewa

crossing,

keta-

;

keta-

ketaren

nan on

this side.

star to rise

ketu, a

flint

cf

;

;

of

visible,

a

;

ki,

see keta.

(cf.

kewa a salutation addressed friend

who

is

lonely,

F

being dead;

his

104

dehe ketva to take

loneliness,

away mourning. kewanya, a square

of

men

1.

make a

to

go

circuit,

round ; e.g. ya kewaye ya tafi gida he slipped to

spin

sq.

as object

2.

;

gareki to you ki, kia, 2.

kewaya, kewaye, kewayi, kewayo, sometimes proround, to

27

For use of kina and kike, cf. Gr.

Gr. p. 34.

it fol-

lows verbs and preps, as zasu kasheki they will kill you (f.); of -nki,

see kewaya.

nounced yewoye,

cf.

ki7L^ kia,

p.

fern, sing.,

for its use as subject of a

verb,

sanu da

;

lice.

second pers. pron.

Ar. «ty, a

(?)

desert), forlornness

one

the act of surrounding.

keya, the back part of the head; maikeya a man whose head

1.

kewa, kiwa

to

back.

kewaya, kewayo, n. encircling,

keyaya, kiyaya,

see kastu.

ketua, a splitting

to act

5.

;

protrudes at the back.

keta.

.

uwaka

deviously, to go behind one's

ren gulhi on the other side of

keto, to become

to

3.

;

77 ya7i

over in the grave

ketaras, with-

ketare, used adverbially

;

F

su kewoiyeka thy brothers surround thee; 4*. to turn over, F 105 su kewoyeka chikin kushewa they turn thee

out object, to cross.

the river

season

2.

the circuit of a place surround,

over.

maketari a ferryman,

the

to go round something, to make

ketarasda (K.), ketarshe

cross, to ferry over,

year passed,

-7'ki,

1.

(f.);

-Iki

3.

for use

see Gr. p. 24.

to hate, to dislike;

to reject, to refuse, to say

no; till

7 har shi

22,

ya kia

indeed he would refuse

altogether

;

cf

reduplicated

.

form kinkinta to refuse ; to hate

;

kije*

forms are

allied

ki-

yaya* refusing 'E2i ku tuba ;

;; ;

Ma

191

ku her kiyaya repent, give up refusing

kiwui/a, kiuya dis-

;

obedience, refusal, objection;

yin kiwuya to refuse exertion, to object to labour;

maiki-

ivuya or makiyachi one dislikes labour

who

makiyi, ma-

;

kiya adversary. Possibly kita cruelty, envy,

from ki

;

may be formed

cf kinji.

pers. fern, sing., cf. Gr. p. 33; cf.

M. H. you

226

p.

(f.)

kiafa, to dry

connections,

tafi

samu

kia

kibata, to be kibe, to

kill.

arrow akahalda kibia he was shot with an arrow makibia por-

kibia,

pi. kibo,

;

cupine.

Ooj^),

sulphur,

brimstone; the native Hausa is far a wuta. kibta, to wink ; see kepta.

see kyafa.

man

kida, to reckon kida,

(Ar.

l«Li),

reason,

(S.),

Ar.

jci,

sum

and death

innumerable

the expression itiaikiamal dunia is used of a recluse or of one who has

renounced this world. small

red

ants

dawa

;

see

cf.

;

counting.

kida, kidi,

1.

a

drum

kiaswa, a grass with a soft flower head which turns pink. kiauri, kaure, the mat used as the covering of a doorway. kiauta, goodness ; see keauta. kiba, pi. kibobi, fat yin kiba to ;

fat.

or any

^\Qku

ber kida molo leave off

ming

(cf.

su Ji kidaya didiya ki-

;

;

musical instrument;

kiyashi.

mark

kidaya

measure), reckoning,

account,

;

see kidaya.

;

kididiga,

resurrection, also used of grave

cf. kehe.

;

beshi

kiche, to rip up, tear; see keche. kichichia, death watch. kida, kada, v. to drum,

kiama, kiyama

kiba, to

to fatten

kibu

;

to listen to, to leave a

grow

fat,

kiba,

cf.

meat

in peace.

kiashi,

rela-

tions.

will find.

kiale, kiyale (Ar. Ji), to neglect, despise, let alone, refuse

•

kibanta*,

kibrit* (Ar.

.

kia, a future prefix for the 2nd

go,

kidi

;

2.

drum-

drumming play, to drum;

playing,

yin kidi to

kidin dambe a peculiar kind of drum-beating for dancing;

makidi, makadi a

drum

stick

intQWB.iovmkankadato drum. kidaya, kedaya, v. to count, reckon kidawa counting. kide, to push aside. ;

off,

to except;

kidi,

pi. kide-kide^

drum-beating.

kidibi kidibi, liver

see gidihi.

;

kididiga, reckoning

kileri, arrow-shaft.

see kida.

;

kidio, kudio, quickly.

down

;

lay out

to

kikkiffa

upside

sold into slavery on account

committed by

fault

klfi, pi. kifaye, kifoji, fish

;

kifin rijia

;

fish of the well)

flat shell

land

tortoise

;

kunkuru

cf.

with

convex

kind of knife. kijinjiri, a species of palm from the leaves of which hats and mats are made. kikinia, stammering.

kikiyawan sition;

cf.

hali, good dispo-

Gr. p. 165,

1.

1;

kila, perhaps, for ivotakila, q.v.

name

of a bird.

of skin;

pi. kildgiai,

D

1.

15 azdba

anadandakasa kamal kilago his pain is as though he were a skin that

made

is

beaten;

of skin.

;

2.

used in

fertilis-

a young palm

tree.

kilin kilin, kiri kiri, an imitation of the glass

killsa,

2.

a

cf.

;

1.

sound

of falling

girin girin,

etc.

to take exercise

horseback

;

2.

on

of a horse, to

trot.

kilishi, a kind of rug or

mat

of wool, etc., for sleep-

ing on. kilishi,

cow-hide, skin, carpet or cover

tent

kilili, 1. pollen

made

see keau.

kilago, kilabo,

glitter; other

kililu or kilulu, prison.

see ki.

;

lit.

litafinka

ing palms

kijigi, a

made

a butterfly,

Mallam, open your book (the flapping of his wings on a tree suggests opening and shutting of a book).

kifil kifilj blinking of the eyes.

kilabtu,

kilikili, kellikelli or kilkili,

allah God's horse, rtialani bude

shell.

kije*, to hate

and

a black

(S.),

white horse.

a

a stay-at-home.

with

a white horse. mould.

kama (lit.

a large water tortoise

kifiiia,

kill, rust,

names for butterflies are c?oAjm

self or relatives.

kifi to fish

num-

kili, fem. kilia,

kilikamya

kikkiffar to upset.

kifakondo, one who has been

some

kilga, kirga, to count, to ber.

kifa, kife, to turn over, to tilt;

of

kima

192

kills,

thin strips

meat cooked with

oil

of

and

pepper or dried in the sun, kiliya, hedge.

kilkal, the cry of the guinea^

fowl; cf. M.H. p, 106. kima (Ar. i^) 1. little, or few in

number, anything small;

;; ;

kimanta kima very

kinia

little

;

htku-

nial kinia a small pot

;

2.

rest,

remainder, what

is

left.

divide,

to prevent

large tree

slipping down.

(Xylopia Aethiopica), ground and used as a purgative medicine, hot like pepper, brought from Nupe, etc., M.H. p. 123.

kimbar mahalba, with

a

shrub

white blossoms (Brysocar pus coccineus).

I

kingi,

kini, small sticks placed in roof

price,

kimanta, to assess, kimba, fruit of a

!

kirari

193

fragrant

kimpsa, kintsa ku kimpsa manikaya get ready the loads, kimsa, to load a gun. kimshe, to press down into a ;

from

the grass

kinji, refusal to hear, a com-

pound

of ki

obstinacy

;

and

ji,

hence,

maikinji enemy.

kinke, trouble. kinkinta, to refuse

;

see ki.

kintata, to conjecture, to suppose.

kintsa, to gather together

;

see

kimpsa.

kiptawa, winking

;

see kepjta.

kira, to forge metal, to

mend

;

m,aker% maiA;ira a blacksmith

receptacle. I

I

j

I

kimshi, n. yin kimshi to load a gun cf. kimsa. kin, 2nd pers. pronoun fem. ;

;

used with perfect tense;

sing, cf. '

!

Gr. p. 27.

kina, a

arrow poison is obtained, kinchia, a bulbous plant, pi.

woven

dum in

kindodi,

of fibre

call,

a basket

from the young

palm, used as a strainer

making soup,

kindigaye, gathering of many people before a king for dis-

anvil.

summon

to

;

1. v.

;

out,

F

142 su dora

kira they keep on crying

kirawo to summon to where the speaker

is,

to call

;

cf.

kiraya. kirS.na, a species of cactus. kirari,

1.

praise,

laudation,

F

240 suna kunia yin kirari they praise; 2. self-laudation 3. flattery; 4. a call passed from village to village; cf. (?)

kurari.

kirari, kirare, firewood, small

cussion. R. H. D.

to

kira suiia

name makiran salla one who calls to prayer; 2. n, to

calling

bull.

kinami, the leather cords to which the stirrups hang. (A Fulani word.) kinS,ra, a tree from which an

kindi,

makera

kira, kiraya, kiraye,

13

;

kirawo

194

kirawo, to

call

;

;

water,

kirhe

obj., e.g. ta

is

used without

kirhe ta

kirchi, a scab

kawo masa.

kire, to be mutilated, to muti-

told

him

n.

manis (genus Pholi-

dota).

a short green grass,

kirikiri,

kirin,

ver37^

stone

kirfa, to falsify. cloth.

;

kiri, pi. kirra,

a twisted cow-

see kilga.

kiri kiri, the sound of falling

kiria,

of

a

tree

see

;

kiriya.

kiribi, a

cowries

girdle

or

apron of

kirigi, skin, hide after it has

been tanned, the skin before tanned is called fata kirigin kdda the scales of the it is

;

cf.

kilago.

kiriki, of great worth

;

ya yi

he acts well ; mutum kiriki a reliable man; abin kiriki something good; makiriki

ganan kiriki correct language. kirikinju, a kind of wolf

;

cf.

kelkeche.

kirikiri, open, unabashed, di;

thatch,

conical

to-

gambling,

playful

2.

demeanour

light-

;

a

3.

noisy or restless person.

kirinkore, a small mouse. kiriya, a small tree which often grows on roofs from which blacksmiths obtain charcoal,

worn by pagans.

(dead) alligator

a

of

kirinjijia, the green teal.

see kilin kilin.

;

acts as the key-

binding the reed rafters

hearted

hide rope, a noose.

name

mat-

the plaited

gether at the apex of the roof;

kirga, to count

glass

see kerin.

;

1.

work which

mutilating.

kirfawa, cutting folds of

ya ki I and he

aikeshi

plainly to go

refused.

kirikiri,

kirinia,

late.

kirewa,

na

kirikii'i

also called karie-galma.

see kurji.

;

kirkira looks one straight in the face

see kira.

kiraya, to call see Mra. kirbi, mashing or pounding of yams orfura. kirha to pound, to beat anything mixed with

rect

;

idonsa kirikiri ne he

garwashin kiriya, from

i.e.

is

it

also obtained a vegetable

used

poison

arrows

;

smearing

for

cf katambiri. .

kirji, pi. kiraza, kirijai, breast,

bosom. kirkeshi,

kelkeji,

wolf;

see

kelkeche.

kirki, worthy

;

see kiriki.

kirkira, kerkara, probably an intens. ^'

'

form of kira

(cf.

Ar.

* '

dj£sj^, the cackling of a hen), to cackle, found in

A 29

kadadai ajita yi sagara mai-

;

kirma

kita

195

two wives

of the poly-

kirkira let her not be heard

of the

calling fowls, with wide-open

gamist if he takes a third wife he has kishiyoyi 4. used

mouth cf. kurkurkur. kirma, soldiers on foot; sarikin kirma a leader of infantry. kirme (K.), to knock down. ;

kirmiche

;

;

metaphorically for the corol-

complement

lary or

cf.

;

rana

kishiar dere.

antidote to arrow poison (Bri-

kishimi, an old solitary male antelope of any species which has left the herd maikishimin ido a man with one eye. kishingida, to recline or sit on

Euphor-

the ground with legs crossed

confusion, e.g.

(S.),

of a confused crowd or illegible 1

land writing.

;

kirni, a tree which provides an

ferruginea,

edelia

and elbows on

l)iaceae).

kirsa, a bribe given to a judge; chitvon kirsa a pretended

ill-

ikirta

0;3, Uj^,

land

= noma

2.

;

1.

up

to dig

draw a

to

ikirtani, -strong

made

white

string

of flax, cf.

;

kdshe.

kisa, kissa (Ar. Uai), news.

kisaka, a hairy caterpillar

;

see

thirst. ;

see kitse.

kisim-bijimi,

a

grass*;

see

kiskansa (S.), suicide. kiskauami, kaskauami, a shrub with red berries, and dotted leaves (Psorospermum Senegalense, Hypericineae)

yisaka.

kisakisa for kusakusa, near, M. H. p. 225. kisankai, murder ; see kdshinkai.

cf.

kaskawani

kiski, the lizard

kiso,

1.

kisanta, to be jealous.

3.

kishi, thirst

curls

;

see kishirua.

klshi, kishia,

pi.

kishiyoyi,

1.

emulation, j ealousy ; yin kishi to refuse

the

kishi,

kitsim-hijimi.

kisa, to kill

3.

kishirwa,

thirst; jin kishirua to feel

kisi, fat

line or furrow.

the

versation.

kishirua,

ness.

knees,

attitude for eating or con-

;

2.

jealousy, hence

name given

to either

mate

(?).

common

of the

see kadangare.

;

to twist;

hair

2.

twisted;

worn by women

in

down their cheeks mai;

kiso hair-dresser.

klta,

cf.

yafadi kita he

fell flat,

B58. kita or keta,

q.v.,

mischief,

13—2

:

kitaba

196

kiyeya

evil of any kind, envy cf. prov. kowa yi keta kansa the evil that a man

kiyale, to neglect

does(recoils on) himself; mai-

kiyama,

cruelty, ;

ketachi* worker of

evil.

shi

kiyashemu may God pro-

tect us

;

cf.

kiyaye. see kiale.

;

resurrection

;

see ki-

diiia.

kitikwa

kiyashi, kyashi, a very small fly, sand-fly, to be distinguish-

gether.

kiyasi* (Ar. ^li), to measure

kitaba* (Ar. J^li^), book. (S.), a bundle of millet with the stalks plaited to-

kitila, a

heap of anything.

kitse, to plait

kitse, kisi, kichi (S.),

pi.

kit-

see kaure.

saisai, fat.

kitsim-bijimi

(bull's

fat),

a

grass used in thatching.

kitso, kiso, a helmet, shaped

worn by Hausa wo-

coiffure

men.

kiwa, loneliness see kewa. kiwata, to keep or feed (ani;

kiyauta, goodness ; see keauta. kiyaya, keyaya, lice. kiy ay a, kiy awa, refusing; cf ki. kiyaye, 1. to keep carefully, .

kiwo, hatred, q.v.

•

refusal, a

form of

yin kiwo to hate,

remember

to

preserve,

cf.

prov. idan ka ruhihta ya

tahata

gudu

mals).

ki,

by a rule or comparison, D 94. kiyau, well see keau. kiyauri, covering of a door; ;

cf. kiso.

;

ed from kiash% ant.

to

idan ka kiyaye litera

scripta

other forms of

ya

manet

kiyaye are

kiyada, kiyasda and kiyashe)

kiyaye kanka spare thyself,

refuse.

used

i.e. don't trouble ; 2. used to denote ready obedience; ki-

intransitively of the cattle,

yaye magana to obey a com-

kiwo,

1.

to tend,

to defend,

watch

protect;

cattle,

2.

mand

to feed, to graze.

kiwuya, kiuya, refusal to work, laziness cf. M. H. p. 147, maikiwuya a man who refuses to work see ki. ;

;

kiya, to refuse

kiyada

(S.),

;

(K.), or

kiyayuwa

kiira ha ta

yaye a shepherd. kiyeya, kyeya, envy, dislike,

see ki.

kiyasda

;

the hyena cannot be tamed. kiyayeni suffer me; mnkihatretl,

abokin kiyeye a thing

to be avoided

;

cf

.

maganin

before n. obj. kiyashe^ to pre-

kiyeya rahuwa the cure for

serve, defend, protect, allah

hatred

is

separation,

abokin

;

kodai

197

kiyo

person;

kiyeya a repulsive see ki. ;

tive sentences, neither, nor

hence

use

its

2.

an

as

inter-

mutum ya tafi man go here ko

rogative, e.g.

ko did the

1

not so ? ko

is it

hdka ha

for ko ha

is elliptic

may

also

precede the sentence or both

precede and follow

sake of emphasis

it

for the

even,

3.

;

A 66 hakana kishirua ko ya sha kogi hiar so too he shall be thirsty though although;

he drink of

five

koda although, used

in

streams ko

is

;

cf.

also

sentences where a

negative meaning is implied though not expressed, e.g. ko ko is d((ia not even one.

sometimes equivalent to *I think,' e.g. ka nuna mashi nama show him the meat, ya gani ko 1 think he has seen

sometimes equivaindeed ko, indef. pronominal prefix by which most of the indefinite pronouns and abverbs are it.

It

is

lent to really

!

!

formed from the interrogative,

however; yaushe when, ko-

yanzu yaushe at any time now, koyanzu immediately. ;

kiyo, well see keau. kizauro, see under ahduga. ko, 1. either, or, and in nega-

or

;

wa who?

e.g.

anyone

;

mi what ^

thing, etc.

;

kowa komi any-

kaka how, kokaka

kobdodo or gobdodo, a thorny bush.

kobdua, gobdua, the yolk of an e^g. kobri, kwobri, kwauri (K.), kubri,

pi.

kwahruka, kwohru-

ka^ shin-bone, kohrin kafa leg-

bone, kohrin kofa door-post,

kohrin itache a dried-up tree.

kobro

(K.), incompleteness yin kohro to be incomplete

or insufficient.

kobsa, kopsa, kobso, pod of nuts, beans, etc.

koda, though, although; cf. ko. koda, kanda, a dried-up nut. koda, to furbish or sharpen a sword.

koda, kwoda, kidney.

koda*, the threshing of corn for payment; cf. maikoda. kodago, kurdugo, fruit of the fan or deleb palm see kwo;

dago.

kodai, kwadai,

1

.

desire, long-

ing, eagerness for, appetite;

prov. kwodai raahudin wohala vain desire opens the door to trouble cf. kwadxzye cf.

;

to

long after;

privata.

covetous

;

2.

membra

makwadaita, q.v., makwadaichi co-

vetousness.

.;

;

kodi

kodi, a top or anything spinning round ; makodi a stone used for smoothing a grind-

dan kodi a small ball. koenna, anywhere, wherever, stone

;

everywhere. kofa,

pi.

hole

kofofi,

door, gate

E

;

for

1

9

en-

masuzua ga

who

kofqfin hirane those

quent the gates of the kofai, ruin

;

kofato,

kofatai, hoof.

pi.

pi.

fre-

cities.

thief carried

a

tying a

by a dogari. ;

see kugi.

koguna, kogina and

any large collection of

water,

lake,

ravine

through which

large

river,

a

any

water flows. kogia, hook see kugiya. kogo, hollow ; kogon itache hollow of a tree ; den, etc. kogon duchi chasm. ;

kogua*, koi, egg

D

19;

cf.

koiyo.

koiyawa

teaching

koiya, koya, a red clay used

women's

for staining

eyelids

;

faces or

when mixed with

koiyo to learn, ha (or hada)

koka*,

used

Sokoto

in

equivalent to

kaman

Gr.

20.

p.

129,

1.

kokanto, doubt

kokara

(S.),

;

as

like ; cf

see kokonto.

a tree from which

walking-sticks are made.

kokari,

1.

to

deavour,

A

tr}'^,

2,

attempt, en-

26;

3,

2.

to

work diligently, cf inaikokarl .

one who endeavours, diligence,

B

kokaru

16 ^w hada ko-

karunku give

diligence, yin

kokarinsa to do one's best.

echo. ;

teaching; koiya na

koiyo to teach. for

kogi, buzzing of bees kogai,

n.

:

kofsoshi, kofsuna,

kind of guitar.

pi.

koiya, q.v.

koiya,

natron it is used in snuff. koiyo, koyo, n. learning yin

see kufai.

kogawa, a rope

^kogi,

he taught me; maikoiya a teacher, makoiyi, makoyi a scholar ; intens. form koi-

shaitan the teaching of Satan,

trance, a hole, e.g. in a strap,

kofsa,

kokia

198

see kwoi.

koikoiya, to imitate another's pronunciation or actions.

koikoiyo, n. imitation. koinya, kwanya, skull ; koinyan kai, id. ; see kwanya. koiya, to learn koiya ma to teach, e.g. ya koiya mani ;

koki,

a small

stories

= the

red

insect,

in

spider's wife.

kokia, a tree with yellow hardshelled edible fruit, its leaves

are eaten by cattle (Strych-

nos spinosa, Loganiaceae); na-

mijin kokia another species of Strychnos with smaller

fruit.

.

kokiar-biri, a tree with paired capsular fruit which

grows in damp ravines (Voacanga obtusa, Apocynaceae). koko, a drink made from the flour of gero beaten up in a furumi and drunk hot, honey being sometimes added. koko, or also, an abbreviation for ko kua, frequently used for ko.

koko,

kokuna or dmi-koko,

pi.

koloko

199

kokiar-biri

kolemin dawa maganin maikishi the expanse of the desert is the cure for a jealous

man. kolfa, kwalfa, n. skimming of milk, etc.

kolfe, kwalfe, to skim. koli,

exhibiting goods for

n.

dan

sale;

drinking-cup.

stibnite

to canter.

ing,

questioning,

1.

reason-

disputing,

continued asking;

2.

doubt,

kokore,

form of kore

intens.

to drive away.

bium

lead, is

tight.

pinnacle;

see

konkuo.

kokwafa, kola

kokolwa,

cf.

brains,

kolua.

cf.

2

;

their

the edge of

plant grows to the height of feet.

tract

;

cf

30 Jezebel...

ix.

posuit

ejus

stibio.'

also used for staining

the teeth and

lips.

kolkole, konkole, to pick out, to pick the teeth, peel fruit.

kwolkoli, a metal

helmet. lice

kollo, skull

kole, a small red pepper, the

about two

is

kolkota,

(K.), eager desire.

kolemi *, a wide

painting

for

Kings

kolkoli,

to canter see kokofa.

(S.), water-lily.

kolama

sti-

it is

It has been so used from very early times,

It

;

;

much used by Hausa

eyebrows and

yin kokua to wrestle,

skull

or

found in the eastern parts Hausaland. Antimony powder, or a sulphide of

'oculos

kokulwa,

o-n/x/xt

of

fighting, wrestling, exertion;

ridge,

= the

of the ancients

their eyelids.

kokoro, a life-time. kokua, kokowa, kokawa,

kokua,

antimony or

^J^^),

women

uncertainty.

kwoUi

J

(Ar.

kokonto, kokanto,

vendor of

kwalli or

koli, kuli,

a small calabash used as a

kokofa, kokwafa, kwakkafa,

koli a

small wares.

;

;

see kwalkwata,

see kolua.

kolo, carrion kite.

koloko, a material for making a black dye, obtained from the fruit of the hagarua tree.

;;

kolua

konkonche

200 ko-

kom.tsa or kwamsa, mucus

to go back, return; B 143 tun ha akoma ha while as yet there has not been a

kona, chaff. kona, kone, 1. to burn, to destroy by fire ; intens. form konkone to burn up comkuna and kone are pletely,

koUo, kwalua, kulwa, skull, brains. koma, flea see kuma.

kolua,

from the eyes.

;

koma,

komawa

returning,

komo to return

ing,

the speaker

is,

returnto

where

to return here,

come back, ya komo kasua he came back from the markomowa coming back. ket, koma, homa, foma, hand-net to

generally used as intransitive forms, ya kone

it

burnt,

is

but kasa tana ^^onrt the ground 2. to is scorched with heat ;

burn with

desire, etc.

ta ku7ia the heart

;

with a handle like a shrimp-

konane, fem. konana,

net.

nanu, burnt

komarchi, a

large snake

;

see

komaro, a

leather bag

see

;

;

horses

kome,

;

cf

n.

.

pi.

hurhurwa. kome-kome,

thing,

komi soever Gr.

komi,

a canoe.

A 48 ha. it

tree, etc.

see kwondariya.

kondo, centre of thatched see

roof

kwando.

of an e.gg. kone, to burn see kona. konga, a plain see kanga. konga, a knife see kangar. kongi, beams made from the ;

;

anything, every;

hahu komi nothkomi or ha

so also ha

ing,

see kunci-

;

(S.),

kome,

kom.i,

scorpion;

kondua, yolk re-

turning.

komi*

ko-

m.a.

kondariya, a bent

kuniaro.

komaro, utterly destitute. komiawa, returning see koma. komayya, a grass given to

pi.

konewa burn-

:

ing.

konama,

kumiirchi.

zucfiia

burned

kominene — whatbe, whatsoever see ;

a

drinking

trough for animals made out of a hollowed log. komiO, to return here; cf. koma.

of preg-

nanc3\

konko, a drinking-cup. konkole, to clean

p. 18.

kwomi,

fan palm.

konlka, a condition

p. 61,

to peel

;

teeth,

M. H.

see kolkole.

konkonche, kwankwanche, to loose or set free (slaves) see kunche.

;

konkone

;

konkone,

to

clear

fire,

by

fire;

see kone.

konkoni, stropanthus used poisoning arrows,

konkosa,

for

etc.

to strike (e.g. a pot)

so as to produce a sound.

konkua, kokua,

highest part

of the inside of the roof.

kono*

kormoto

201

korare, to hasten. korare, pi. kof'am, a fugitive

;

dark shiny blue cloth. p.

(K.), alms.

kora.

cf.

kore, a furrow. kore, to drive see kora. kore, a long tobe of black or

kore,

kopsa, pod of ground nut

;

see

kohsa.

f.

koria,

kworre, dark

pi.

green, kore kore light green cf.

shudi dark blue.

produced naturally or by shaving maikora bald. kora, also kori, before a n.

kori, stump of tree

;

kori, kwori, q.v.,

used of swishing the scum off

koria, a gourd

korino,

a

cala-

bash, intens. form kokore.

to hurry, to drive

away;

D

'21 ya kora kansa chikin azdba he hurries himself to (the

place of) pain

ing

away

I

;

;

korowa

driv-

koro sauki to send

;

korurua,

see kworia.

komo,

leather

kora, pi. kare kore, driving away. kora; kore or koro, to drive,

see kobri.

;

pi.

quiver.

water before

filling

;

shudi shudi light blue,

kora ( Ar. APji), baldness, either that

M. H.

203.

;

1.

the dye

green dyed is

produced

by a mixture of copper filings (sinadari) and lime juice or tsamia; eyes

medicine for the

2.

made from powdered

A

goat's skin.

kwarno

variant form

used

is

for

green

leather.

korjini, ugliness;

da korjini

terrible.

help. I

"

korS,ka, eagerness

;

da koraka

korkora, concubine;

see kwo-

rakwora.

eager. I

korama, apparently a

pi. form oikwori; 1. a nullah which dries up in the dry season 2.

a fast-flowing

stream,

torrent.

a

korkosa,

n. shamelessness korkosa unabashed,

korkwasa,

driver

;

ant;

da cf.

kwarikwasa,

kormoto, karmS,to,

1.

to carry

korami,

trade.

false

koranga

(K.), leader, guide.

against another secretly

news,

to

tell

tales ;

2.

kormoto

which

to interfere in a matter

one

does not concern

karambani

3.

;

cf.

;

to betray.

kormoto, kannS,to,

n. gossip,

mischief-making, yin kormoto to carry secret

H.

news

cf.

;

M.

p. 196.

of

see kworno. koro, to drive,

korofi, dye-pit

containing

cf.

;

kora.

see karofi.

;

cowries,

of the leaves of

the tukurua palm (possibly

from Ar. j^, Heb. cor, Gr. Kopog = a large dry measure). kororua, top, summit. korto, kworto, fern, kortua, adulterer, paramour. kortonchi, lasciviousness. kortu, a small gourd see kurtu. korya, a gourd see kworia. kosa, corpulence. ;

;

kosa, to be over phorically

to

ripe, so

be

meta-

tired

na kosa I am

waiting,

hurry, ha shi kosawa da tane he

is

of

in a

mu-

patient to everyone.

kosa, kiisa, an iron nail. kosa-kosa, a short-legged

fruits

;

egg-shell, peel of

1.

kosfar arsashe a cart-

kosabro, a sack made

of grass

for holding cowries.

kosada, to get enough ;

see koshi.

in

2.

;

pi.,

branch-

ing off of roads.

he

to

1.

to

satisfied,

have enough 2. used as n., a being satisfied, satisfaction ;

(esp.

of appetite)

prov.

cf.

;

ba dadi tana gidan na koshi '

not nice

'

keeps house with

am satisfied,'. i.e. only a man who lives in luxury can 'I

afford

be

to

discontented.

who who is

kosashe, pi. kosasu, one

has eaten enough, one

koshada* a causa-

satisfied,

tive form of koshi to feed to

sun sun koshi, they ate and drank till they were satisfaction, to satisfy

;

chi SU71 sha

satisfied.

koshia, 1. a wooden spoon 2. a shuttle. koso, a small drum, open at one end, slung from the ;

see kotso.

;

kota, handle,

e.g. of

Katsena bota

can.

satisfy

kwosfofi^

shoulder peli-

oil.

kosandi, inner wall of a house. kosashe, see koshi. kosfa, kwosfa, pi. kosfofi^

koshi, etc.

20,000

made

usually

guinea-corn;

kwororo, a bag

or

kosai, a cake cooked in

ridge case

komo, husk

kororo

kotakwana

202

kotafani,

is

shield

an axe;

in

used. see

;

kiitu-

fani. to eat,

kotakwana,

n.,

ment, neglect

;

1.

postpone-

2.

defiance.

; ;

;

kotamta kotamta,

to speak in parables

kotana*, cousin, relation. kotanchi, kwatanchi, 1. compare, to liken together;

to,

to

to place

pass, akotanchi is

like

;

chin hifka like

this,

ka yi

mini kotanchi ydda zan yishi give me an idea how to do this cf. kutumshi likeness, ;

kotanta,

145.

;

kowa, kowanene, fem. kowa, kowacheche ; the adjectival forms are kowane, f. are

unto 2. kotanchin kdza about so much, kotan-

F

babu kowa or ha kowa no the pronominal forms

one

see kotanchi.

made

ku

203

kotamta,

kicatanta to speak in parables.

kotami, kotamia, kotumi, a large earthen pot with wide

mouth. kotashi, a small basket used by women ; see kwotashi, koto, of a bird, to peck also ;

used of the grazing of cattle

kowache, Gr.

die it

kowddane see ta kowa ha

pi.

;

18.

p.

is

anyone pi. pers.

;

bcc

not the property of combined with the pron.

kowanenmu nenku each

denotes each

it

each of

of you,

us,

kowa-

kowanensu

each of them.

kowainia, a

finger-ring,

the

ring of a bit, etc.

kowane,

every,

any,

each

see koiva.

kowar-wake, the husk

on

pods of beans.

kowie, side see kauye. koya, to learn see koiya. koya, red clay see koiya. ;

;

or sheep

rtiaikoto

;

;

kotontawa, time, to

beak.

1.

to

pay a second

pay over again

;

2.

to spin round.

a

kozo

(of.

a kettle-drum),

j^3^, drum shaped

like an hourheld under the arm,

glass,

one end open, it is covered with skin in front, but is open behind cf. kalango, ;

jaiije.

kotutura, stump of wood

;

see ko.

see ko.

koyi, an example.

koyo, n. learning see koiyo. kozo, a kind of drum see kotso. kozozobe, kwazazzabo, 1. ;

;

course or hollow of a stream

see

everyone, anyone, any;

;

without water 3. holes in the road made by running water. ku, 2nd pers. pron. pi. you. -nku, your, is used when the 2.

a

deep

;

;

kututura.

kowa,

mediately

koyaushe, at any time, always

kotso, koso, kotso, Ar.

koyanzu, even now, now, im-

ravine

kua

and -rku or

masculine,

when the

table

feminine

Malvaceae).

object possessed

Gr.

cf.

is

;

to denote

the second person plural of future

of

(Hibiscus It

esculentus,

a climb-

is

ing gourd and grows esp. on

p. 25.

kua, a verbal prefix the

which are used as a vege-

is

-Iku

object possessed

p.

kuda

204

tense;

Gr.

cf.

33.

house tops, in Kano pronounced kabewa.

kuble, kulle, kulli

it

is

Ar.

(cf.

Ja5, bolt), to lock, lock up shina kulle it is locked,

:

kua, kwa, it

too, also, likewise;

cf.

follows as an enclitic the

word

which

to

ticularly refers,

more pare.g. ni kua ni it

shiga I too shall enter,

kuba, a cross beam. kubaka, 1. the fold

E

37.

in waist of

trousers through which the

cord (zaria) runs;

2.

the cord

round waist of trousers.

kubche, kubuche,

to slip or

drop out of one's hands, also to escape from prison, cf. kubche kubche to try

kuto.

to slip out, used of

an animal

caught in a trap ; cf gubchi. kube, a sheath for knife or .

sword;

cf.

talauchi yi

M. H. p. 206, kan wa halinka

kube poverty acts as a sheath to your character, i.e. makes you act hypocritically. kube, to mix, intens. form ku-

kuhe

kube*

;

see kivabe.

(K),

little,

small.

kube, an ear of corn. kubewa (a Yoruba word), the 'okra' plant, the ripe capsules

na kulli akwati I locked the box; makubli or mahulli key, button.

kubli, kulli, a lock. kubri, shin-bone ; see kdbri.

kububua, a poisonous

snake,

with large brown spots in a single line down its back and a white belly.

kubuta, to be innocent, to be unharmed, to be acquitted, kubuta, n. ankle boots used for riding.

kucha, kuza,

to rush or fall

down, kuchi, pi. kuche-kuche^ talking, conference.

kuda, throbbing

pain,

e.g.

of

toothache.

kuda, kuje, kudaidai

pi.

(cf.

kudaje, masc.

Ar.

pi.

^tj>i,

stinging insects), fly; kuda7i

kisan doki, kills fly.

horses,

i.e. i.e.

the

fly

that

the tsetse

makafon kuda a large which is so easy to

horse-fly

catch that

appears to be

it

kudafi, a small ant

;

see kui'-

dafi.

kudaku, a

of

species

sweet

kudanchi, southwards. see

a

to withdraw.

;

;

;

adverbially, e.g.

ya

taji

kudu

he went south. kududifi, kudundifi, pond, cistern, a pit from which clay has been dug.

kududura, a

small knife used

grows amongst

a medicine

is

made

from it it is apparently the same as wuta-wuta, q.v. ;

kudukuki, cheek, cheeks. kudumbia, the cracking skin in

sect

cf.

hambudiga.

see kiidu.

Jeru-

of popping into

yl

kuduss = ya

shiga rami,

kufa, a stain, the scar a

wound

thing, e.g.

left

by

the trace of any-

:

ku/an wuta, a mark burn, ku/an mai

made by a an

oil stain.

kufai, kofai,

pi.

ku/ai/ai, ruins

a place, a desolated or dilapidated town. kufita, kufuta, pi. kufitai, ku2. long futaij 1*. sandal riding-boot with spur. of

;

;

see/u/u.

kufuli*, to extinguish a

fire

or

light.

kufurtu, the

first

hoeing of

the land before sowing

;

cf.

kabtu.

kuge, a kind

of cymbal.

kugi, the roar of wild animals, of

the under-joints of

caused by a small ;

;

kuduss, used a hole, ya

kufu, lungs

by women. kuduji, kudugi, a plant about two feet high, with a flower like tobacco, it

sc^uth

salem.

kudi, a black and red cloth. kudi, a bug. kudi, money see kurdi. kudigi, a weed ; see kuduji. kudira, destiny see kadara. kudis, kidis, quickly. kudu, an apron made of skin. kudu, kudus, south also used

toes,

ball

maiming.

kudus,

kudus or bimin kudus,

kwadandemi.

(S.), intr.

dctwa,

make a

kudunia, range of hills, hill. kudure, to lop, or break off. kuduru, 1. a man with his 2.

kudandan,

kudandemi,

kude

to

fingers, toes, or ears cut off;

potato (dankali).

;

kudundune, of anything.

blind.

hut

kugiya

205

kudafi

in-

the noise of an ostrich or the cooing of doves, or buzzing of bees.

kugiya,

kogia,

kogua,

pi.

kugu

206

kugiyoyi,

hook,

ku-

clasp,

gian fdtsa a fish-hook,

kugu,

kugogi, loin.

pi.

kuibi, side of the body; see a

disease

women somewhat

in

similar to

kuikuyo, young

of

an animal;

kuiwa, a kind kuje, fly;

see huda.

kuda

flies,

kuje

is

of smaller

flies.

oj

2t

kujera, kushera (Ar. ^^j^), chair, stool, esp. the

wooden

on which women pi.

sit.

kukoki, fem. Kanuri

(Adansonia digitata), the baobab or monkey-bread tree. id.

The Hausas

eat its fruit

and

making soup. grow to any great

its leaves for

It does not

height, but has often a girth of 60 to 70

kuka,

pi.

ft.

koke-koke,

lamentation;

masc, cry, kuka to

yin

raise a cry, howl, low,

cry,

etc., of

men and animals,

e.g.

sania tana kuka the cow lows (ruri

kuka,

is

see kaka-

;

kuku, an

edible fish, six inches

on

used of the

pers. pron.

bull).

2nd

pers. pi.

used to denote the narrative or historic past;

cf.

its

back.

of grass.

generally used of the larger biting

kukaruku, crowing

long, with sharp scales

see kwikuyo.

use

doing so) he complains of

himself.

ruko.

elephantiasis.

kuka,

kuka, to make complaint; cf. kada kowa ya kuka da woni ya kuka da kansa let not any one complain of another (in

kwibi.

kuikui, kukui,

stool

kul

Gr.

p. 28.

kukube, an

form of

intens.

kuhe to mix,

kukui*, a swelling see kuikui. kukui kukui, the sound made by a guinea-fowl ; cf M. H. ;

.

p.

197.

kukuki, a

tree,

the bark of

an almost watery juice it is sucked by thirsty travellers

which

contains

tasteless

:

tomentosa,

(Sterculia

Ster-

culiaceae).

kukuma,

a musical instrument

which

played by rubbing.

is

kukumche, pi. kukumtatu, one who has his hands tied to his neck

;

cf

.

seq.

kukumi, kunkumi, of a man's

hands

the tying ;

cf.

prov,

karamin sani kukumi ne a little knowledge is as the tying of a man's hands to his neck, i.e. 'a little knowledge is

a dangerous thing.'

kul*,

if,

when

;

cf . kur.

;

kumachi

207

kula

kula, a shrub from the roots of which a hot spice is prepared. kula, 1. to care for, heed, be

concerned about, used abso (B 90) or with direct

lutely

aec, or with da, quently, with ga

or, less fre-

to care

2.

;

also used of a ball of

pounded

ground nuts cf. kubli. kulo, kuUo, to watch, look on. kulu, pi. kulayi, wale made by ;

a whip. kulu, 1. froth skimmed from the top in the making of bread

ga dunia

or masa cakes 2. leaven. kulubutu, a creeper with edible

he cared not for the merchandise of the earth, kuli* intention, e.g. ina da kulin tafia or na kula tafia I think

kulufita (ever-coming-forth), a synonym for the gauta (tomato), so called because it is

for in the sense of to covet, e.g.

C

52 bai kula ha

;

fruit.

ever bearing.

of going.

kulba, the common reddish smooth-skinned lizard (ma-

kulum

buia Perroteti) ; cf sharindo.

day],

1.

always, constantly;

hence

2.

used with other ex-

.

kulde, to strip off*; see kwalde. kulere, a wooden-tipped arrow. kuli, intention; see kula.

kulikasa, shamelessness. kulki, kuruki, pi. kulake, a short stick, club, a govern-

ment messenger's staff". kulkusa, very near see kusa. kulla, to tie two pieces of string ;

pressions of time, every, e.g.

cf.

kulyaushe.

kulume, an

edible fish with red

about

fifteen inches long.

tail,

kulutu, protuberance, swelling. kulyaushe*, always see ku;

lum.

enter on a quarrel, to join

kuma, kuma,

issue

;

;

kullu to be joined to-

gether.

kulla,

n.

again.

a

flat fish

with reddish

snout.

twisting cotton round

a pin before spinning. kulle, to lock up.

kuUi, kwoUi, antimony; see

kuma, koma, flea, louse. kuma, kum.ma, a stick. kumachi, kum.urchi, kwomiachi, a black cobra, hooded

but without spectacles, 14

koli.

kulli,

borrowed

Ar.>^ J.^= every

kulum safe every morning, kulum dere every night, B 88

idiom kulla gdha to

together

[originally

from the

pi.

kulli-kuUij

a knot.

to 6

ft.

ins.

long (naia nigricoUis).

;;

kumakumi kumakumi,

a horseman's arm-

our made of iron.

kum.allo, faintness

see

;

ku-

rtiolo.

infirm, feeble,

lazy.

kumam.anchi,

1.

weakness,

infirmity, feebleness;

2.

what

woman's hair. kumbura, kum.bure, to

kom.aro,

a

small

leather bag.

swell,

F

pi. of

kumchi,

;

with pride.

e.g.

see

kumhure.

kumburi, kum.buria,

n. swell

kum.chi,

pi.

kumatu^ cheek

dan kiunatu a man with

q.v.

kumhuna^ kumbabo-

pi.

bi,kumbai, fish

1.

finger-nail, scales

hude kumhabi she

ta

;

spread open her fingers;

an edible

shell-fish sold in

2.

the

markets. of shaving the front part of

the head only

;

the heathen

custom of leaving a tuft on top of head.

kum.bi, a colour made from bones and used for marking

kumibu,

M. H.

p. 186.

a small calabash

1.

2. a round shankumhu.

with a cover; object

;

cf.

kumbu, ktoibua,

1.

a long-

handled hoe with triangular blade 2. a leather ring worn ;

fat

cheeks.

kum.chi, kunchi, narrow, confined, difficult of passage, it is

often applied to the thorn

surrounding a town

fence

1. 29; kumchin zuchia hot temper; makun-

cf.

kumbe or kwumbe, the fashion

camels,

30

kana kurnhurawa thou art proud kumhurata swollen,

ing.

kiunatu, cheeks,

kum.ba,

up

kmnihuraivn,

;

swelling with pride;

kum.burata*,

trying or troublesome.

kumaro,

of a

or hasty plaiting or doing of a

to be enceinte

kum.am.a, weak,

is

kumolo

208

Gr. p. 130,

kuchi or makunkunchi a full of anger,

lit.

man

a heart in

which there is no room kumchin sarkakia an imhedge or brake yahho wanda ya yi kunchi domin girnia na^sa praise which was unworthy penetrable thorn ;

of his greatness.

kumia, shame

see kumya. kum.kum.ia, a poisonous species of euphorbia tree about two ;

feet high.

charm round the wrist. kum.buche, to tie up in a knot.

kum.O, a yellowish red biting

kumbuchi,

kumolo, kumallo, qualm

as a

esp.

used of rough

ant.

or

; ;

kumpa

;;

kundi

209

faintness

arising from

lack

kumyata, kunyata, kumyache, to shame, to be ashamed.

of food.

kumpa, froth see kunfa. kumpsa, to bud, used of young ;

grain

cf.

;

f.

kumshashia,

up,

to tie

kumshashe,

kumshashu,

pi.

up cf (?) kimsa. kumshi, n. tying. kumshin-lalle, the binding of tied

.

;

the hands or of the feet in

henna bandages

pi. ;

cf.

Gr. p. 27.

a bag;

in

pers.

used with perfect tense

kohsa.

kumsa, kumshe, e.g.

kun, pronoun, 2nd

;

see Icdle.

kumso*, to hide anything. kumtata, to makenarrow, A 67;

kuna, intr. to burn see kona. kuna, to burn see kona. kUna kuna, pure, unmixed rua pure water, nothing but ;

;

;

water.

kuna, anger, disgust. kuna, kunna, to light, set kunna fitila light light to the lamp kunna wuta adaki ;

;

set fire to a house.

kunama, konama,

see kimncfii.

kumurchi, kumuchi, kwomachi, komarchi, a cobra;

momi, kunamai,

1.

pi.

kuna-

scorpion;

of a

2. hammer of a gun or rifle kunaman rua electric cat-fish. kunba, finger-nail see kumba. kunche, kwanche (K.), to

kumya, kunya, kumia, shame,

andaureshi ya kwanche he

cf.

kumachi.

kumuria, a kiimiis

fire-swallower.

the sound

(S.),

;

loose,

blow.

bashfulness,

rashin

tied

to

get

up and got

loose

loose;

kuncha^he, fem. kunchachia^

of good of pro-

pi.

kunchachu, untied, loosen-

sa,ba3indbada kumya

ed

;

manners or of sense priety.

was

good manners

kumya want

untie,

shame jin kumya to feel shame, to be ashamed ba shi da kumya ba he has no

to put to

;

sense of shame.

zina su ka

F

kumya

11 5 masu-

those

who

be put to shame; sun yi kumya they felt ashamed, sun chi kumia ke nan they sin will

were ashamed, M. H. R. H. D.

p. 196.

maikunche a wrestler forms kwankwanche

intens.

and konkonche to set free. kunchi, bush see kumchi. kunda, a charm placed in a field see kwanda. kundege, kwondege, armlets, F225. kundi, pi. kundaye^ a book dan kundi a small book. ;

;

'

U

;

kundu kundu, used with

yi,

of

an

kundu, a bird's gizzard. kunduda, a headman. kundudufi, a pond

;

see

practices.

kunkumi, a man with kudu-

dufi.

kunduma,

n. 1.

toppling over,

B

150 5a ni yi kunduma en fada ha I will not topple over so as to fall

;

to dip the

2.

in water.

kundumi, kandami, a pond. kundumi, n. baldness caused by shaving off the hair. kune, kunne, pi. kunuwa, 1. ear, sa kunne to give attention to 2. kunnen itache ;

leaves. ;

animal.

kunkeli, a small shield. kun-ki-chi, a small weevil which eats corn, its name is derived from the saying, if you will not eat, we will eat

kunku,

pi.

kunkaye

dried brick,

i.e.

(S.),

a sun-

ball of earth

mixed with straw.

kunkumi, portant

M. H.

kunkumia (S.),

soot

;

his ;

see

see kun-

kunia.

kunkunia,

blight,

used

soot,

making ink. kunkunta, narrow, used doorway; cf. kumtata. in

kunkuru,

of a

small land tor-

1.

water tortoise curved wooden board to which the unwoven thread toise, cf kijifia .

2.

of the

warp

is

fastened,

it

thought to resemble the curved shell of the tortoise.

a celebrated or imperson,

kunkumin

a rich merchant; p.

kunkurus, kurunkus,

205.

kunkumi

cf.

is

decapi-

tation, the finishing of any-

thing;

cf.

the phrase ku7i-

kurus kan kusu the cutting off the head of a rat, an idiom denoting that a thing is done and finished with so kunkurus kan damharia, M. H. ;

p. 166.

kunkuwa, an

you.

tajiri

hands tied to his neck kukumi.

is

kunfa, kiunfa, kumpa, foam yin kunfa to foam. kunfu, used of the meat surrounding the heart of an

it for

who

usually applied to one

has become rich by dishonest

arrow, to miss.

head

kunta

210

kunna,

ant-heap.

to light

;

see kuna.

kunsa, to fold up; cf. kumtata. kunshe, to wrap into a bundle. kunshia*, sleep, F 75 see kwana, kunta, to untie see kwanta. kunta, n. loosening. ;

;

; ,

kuntawa

;

kurda

211

kuntawa,

sleeping

see

;

kwan-

make unlawful

chin kura to

F201

gain;

taiva.

dilalai imasuriha

who who

kuntu, blanket (a Nupe word). kuntukuro, a small drum.

da kura the

kuntumi, a merchant. kuntunkuru*, applied by the Hausas to the brown army-

keep back money for things

made

gruel

guinea-

of

kunun - dorowa

(dorowa

is

kunyoyi^ a ridge of

pi.

in farming in which seed

planted

kupturu, (corn)

cf. kwiya (S.). kuturu, blighted ;

kur*, kul*,

if,

dai even

kura,

B

pi.

7.

p.

when,

ankache masa

C

with

contrasted

as

maiido; M. H.

to him,

if

199.

is

be said

it

kur dai or kul

if.

kuraye, hyena, fem.

149 ina gani sarai kura the hyena, is

kure, a

also used

;

male

wasan

kura an unappreciated joke dan kura the name of a parcf ticular kind of turban M. H. p. 203. goshin kure the doka or woman's head ;

;.

dress.

pi.

fears.

kurddai,

kuran

(Ar. O^js), the Koran. 1. trailing rope plant;

2.

a ladder

;

see

karangama.

kurari, threatening, boasting yin kurari to brag;

cf.

kirari.

kurar-shanu (cattle dust), a weed with yellow flowers and Compositae).

kurS,sa

(S.),

a bunch of corn.

kurba, to sip. kurba, a small

lizard.

n. sipping.

kurche,

to escape

;

see kuhche.

kurchi, to escape. kurchia, kurichia,

pi.

esp.

unlawful

overcharging, cheating,

ku-

rdche, kurchiyoyi, dove.

kurchia*,

kurichia,

chia,

childhood,

1.

kurumutuar

kurichia death during child-

hood 2. childishness. kurda, to press through a narrow place, creep in kurdanan kurdanan wandering this way and that, zigzag;

;

kura, dust. kura, gain, profit, ij;ain,

yana kura he

a small round hatchet used

kurbi,

;

-

cf.

white leaves (Conyza spinosa,

kur

e.g.

gata I see distinctly, there

hyena,

sold.

kura (?),

kuranga,

broth), a species of bird.

soil

i.e.

for cutting grass.

corn, rice, etc.

kunya,

brokers

unjust profits,

kurS-da, kuradda,

blanket.

kunu,

make

ging.

14—2

;

kurdafi

212

Aurdafi, kudafi, small black

kurdi, kndi, used as a

pi.

of

and nmri, 1. cowries (kawara and alkawara are also used in the same sense); ijia

2.

used generally for money any kind ; 3. price, e.g.

hurdinsa

nawa what

is

the

price of it? kurdinsa ya isa

enough

it is

for

it.

kasa tribute, taxes

form

kurfu which there

is

no

outlet, the

interior of a house furthest

ants.

of

;

kurdin a plural

much

found, kurdede

is

money

;

fUa

kurdin

;

a tax

from the door; hainya tana kurewa the road ends here ;

ramin karia ha shi wiyar kurewa the hole of a cf.

prov.

lie it is

not

probe

difficult to

to the end,

i.e. it

detect a liar in his

easy to

is

lies.

kure, en wuri ya kure when the time comes, used when the sun comes out after dull weather.

kurege,

pi.

kuregai, kuregogi,

kurdin boda a tax paid to the English, i.e. 15 p.c. on value of

jerboa (dipus), the length of

caravan.

gresses

by

paid

caravans,

kurdi*, a small biting insect found in mats, etc. kurdudufi, often pronounced

kududdufi

or

kududdiffi,

pond see kududufi. kurdugi*, a great man, warrior cf. M. H. p. 189. kurdugo, kodago, the fruit of the gigi^iia palm ci.kwodago. ;

;

kure, mistake see kurre. kure, pi. kuraye, a male hyena

;

see kura.

2.

of,

dan kure

to push

little finger;

another;

3.

in

Sokoto to miss, used as an equivalent for kuskure.

rewa

is

;

it

pro-

by a series of jumps it burrows in the ground and feeds chiefly on grain cf. Browning, 'Saul,' vi, 5, :

" half-bird half-mouse."

For

a story concerning a jerboa, cf. M. H. p. 106. kurenga, a trailing rope-plant;

see kuranga.

kurfa, kurufa,

pi.

kurfai, long

kurfi,

pi. kurfofi,

kurfu, hole,

empty cartridge-case. kurfu, pi. kurdfu (Kanuri kor rafi hide), 1. a whip made of cave,

to probe, to go to the

1.

end

body is about eight inches,

of its tail ten inches

riding-boots.

;

kure,

its

ku-

used of a place from

skin to

;

2.

flog,

flogging, yin

they flogged him girdle.

kurju

su yi masa kurfu ;

3.

a horse-

;

kurga

kurmuwa

213

kurga (S.), conversation. kurga (K.), piles. kurginguma, a beetle = gur-

kurkia, virgin

gunguma, q.v. kuri, empty threat

kurkuku, dungeon,

in

Kano imha

(Sokoto),

The

used.

is

word

is probably a variant kuria a war drum, cf. Hausa riddle ahu na kara a fiawa ha hanji a thing that cries in the bush with no

of

bowels 1

A drum

Ans.

;

cf.

seq.

kwuriya

kuria, kurya,

(Ar.

cji, to beat a dinim), a sort

;

see kurikia.

kurkono, kurukunu, guineaworm.

kurkura*,

to scrape

prison.

see kar-

;

kari.

kurkura*,

to err, to fail;

cf.

kuskure.

kurkura, kurkure,

n. gargling.

to gargle, to

throw

water out of the mouth, rinse the mouth, v. n. kurkurewa. wide - opened kurkurkur,

mouth

see kirkira.

;

kurkusa - kusa kusa very near. kurkushe, a swelling on the

of

stringed

drum, open at

one end, used in war. kuria, a red vegetable stain

foot.

kurkutu (S.), a small drum. kurkwiyo, youngling seektm;

for the teeth.

kuria (Ar.

kuyo.

iftji),

lots;

dice,

yin kuria to draw

lots

;

je/a

kuria to throw with dice or with cowrie shells used as dice.

kurichia, dove

;

kurikia, kurkia,

see kurchia. pi.

kurikoki,

kurimi, dense forest see kurmi. ;

kurji, pi.

;

see kirji.

kureji, kirchi, gurje,

kurdje, kurareji, scab, boil,

on dogs and horses, itch maikurji onewhoha.s the itch. kurki, hen-coop. kurki, a bird like a crane. esp.

;

kurmi, dense forest. kurmus, the ashes of stick, cf.

a burnt

F 207 umta ta

kurmus the

kurkiyoyi, virgin.

kurji, breast

kurma, deaf see kuruma. kurmajo, a (Zanfara) tribal mark on the temple. kurme, swimming, bathing.

kone

;

fire

burnt

it

up

completely.

kurmusu,

pi. kurmusoshi, kurmushe-kurmushe, eating in

secret;

maikurmusu one who

hides

himself

to

eat

;

cf.

kurulla.

kurmuwa, kurme.

sprinkling

;

cp.

'

kurna

kurna (Kanuri

kurna, Fulah

kurnahi), zizyphus jujuba, a large tree of bushy appear-

ance with small leaves and red edible berries.

kuman na

nasara

sara), a

flowers,

'

(Melia

kurna

(or

tree with

lilac

the pride of India

Azedarach,

Melia-

ceae).

kurre,

pi.

kurakuri, accident,

Also as

mistake, error.

na kurre

made a

I

v.

mistake.

kursa, kursan goro a large kola nut.

kurtu, kortu,

pi.

kurtuna, a

calabash used as water-bottle.

kuni,

f.

kurua, dwarf, pony;

doki kuru,

id.

kuru, in silence cf. kurum. kuru, a small hand-drum open at one end see kuria. kurua, kurwa, 1. soul, spirit, shadow; 2. echo; cl.kururua. kuruchia, childhood see kur;

;

;

kuruki,

a

kurufa, long riding-boots

;

see

kurfa.

kurufi*, an iron chisel

bably a corruption of

;

pro-

karifiy

short

stick

kurukunu, guinea-worm

kurugga, a hoe

=:^

kurugunguma,

pi. kurugungumai, a winged beetle which

amongst

the

guinea-

corn; see gurgungvmia.

see

kurukure, to throw out water from the mouth see kurkure. ;

kurulla, refusal to share food with another (used in Sokoto);

kememe, kurinusu.

cf.

kurum, silence, e.g. D 94 muna kurum we keep silence yin ;

kurum, lence

;

da kurum, in

si-

29 abersu ku7-u

let

left alone, i.e. let

no

id.

D

them be

one speak to them haka silence.

;

kurum-

kuruma, still water. kuruma, kurma, pi. kurumai, 1. one who is deaf; 2. to be deaf; cf. prov. kuruma tnagana che consent

'silence

kuruman

gives

wui'i

a

cowry without a hole in

it

(i.e.

'

he

;

like a deaf or stopped-up

kurum,chi and kurumta

ear).

is

;

shina da kururnchi

deaf.

kurumi, to embrace, grasp. kurumta, kurumche, to be silent.

lence

kente.

:

kurkono.

kurumta, kurumchi,

q.v.

see

;

kulki.

deafness

chia.

lives

kurungu

214

;

n.

si-

yin kurumta to be

silent.

kurungu, a (Siluridae)

length.

species of cat-fish

about 3 feet in

;

kurunkus kurunkus,

see Jmnkurus.

kurunkushewa,

white flowers

delicate

= lut-

;

kurua^

cf.

;

3.

echo

;

kusanchi,

spirit

kurya, a drum

;

;

see kurua. see kuria.

kurzunu, roughness; da hirzunu rough, uneven. kusa, mouse see ku.su, ;

kusa,

n.

near,

nearness, proximity,

da kusa near kusa da or ktisa ga

nearly;

hand

near

;

to,

to

condemn;

yin kusa to be or

draw

kusata,

to

draw near

speaker.

kusatowa, coming near; see kitsa.

kusfa, or (in Sokoto) kusua, a hole, e.g. at the bottom of

a wall, larger than raria.

kushe*,

to despise, to attri-

one who is doing good ci.kusanchito condemn.

bute

evil to

:

kushe kushe, kushekusheya, an itching sore on hand or foot; F 106 suna dirkanka har kushekusheya they beat

mantashi

kushe wa, kusheya*

he

nearly forgot

ktirkusa, kulkusa or kitsa

kusa very near, kusawa drawing near,

kusata, kusache or

kusanta to be or to draw near to.

n.

kusata

is

also used as a

consanguinity,

kusatowa

see

kusa.

kushera,

;

;

see

;

kitsa.

near, ya yi kiisan (or ya kusa) karewa it is nearly hnished. ya kusa he apya kusa ya gaya proaches, inani he was near to telling me ya kusa ya (or ya kusa)

it

see

kushe.

kusawa,

tuo.

kurwa, a

see

;

kusato, to draw near to the

id.

kururuta, to complain about, kuruskurus, edible root of small plant used in making

at

;

kitsa.

kururu, crop of a fowl. kururua, 1. a cry, scream 2. comifin kururua to cry grievance

kusa, tin ore see kuza. kusa, nail see kosa. kusache, to draw near to ;

a plant with

niijin tsada, q.v.

plaint,

kuskure

215

thee

feet

thou art sore

till

cially

spe-

;

used of sores on the which are prevalent

during the rainy season. stool; see kujera.

ku-

pi.

mound

shewoyi, kusheyi, the

over the grave, tomb wurin kushewa or wurin kusheyi ;

burying-place.

kuskunta,, to drive away

;

see

kaskasta.

kuskure, kurkura,

1.

to miss,

kuskus of

an arrow to miss or

mark

to hit the

kureta I missed

it

fail

na kus-

;

to fail

2.

;

to keep a promise, then to

in

fail

D

to err;

dut}'^,

mu

kada

kiitufani

216

kurkura

let

4

us not

in our duty.

fail, i.e.

(cf.

Ar. jj^), corner; kusu-

hanu

ruan

elbow

ina da kusuruan the)

of

(stalk

;

bada

i

uku the

badai grass

has three corners or projecting angles

;

kusuruan arewa

nearly North (a point of the

9 J « J

kuskus* (a

(Ar.

t^,...C.,fr>),

cuscus

North African native dish

made

of macaroni, etc., used

by Hausas in N. Africa, not in Hausaland).

known

kHsu, mouse,

kusun-tanka

a

mouse which nests in roofs kusun kyauro (K.), kusun kyemru small

white-bellied

;

water-mouse; kusunkusumhisa hanu forearm (S,),

;

squirrel.

kusua, see kusfa. kusufi (Ar.), eclipse of the sun. kusugu*, anything small or insignificant, also applied to .V

anything of ugly shape.

kusumbi, hump humpbacked.

kusumbi, and

kusu mouse

(i.e.

bisa above), squirrel.

kusumburua,

a reed growing amongst the guinea-corn and

like

it

edible

;

in appearance flutes are

kusurua sukarua^

(or

;

chi.

kutara, the name of a tree rafters made from it are bent by being heated in the fire.

:

Hence a beam

for

pumping

water with, DIG shina takura kamal kutara he falls down like the

water

;

beam

see jigo

pumping which is the

for

word most frequently used. implying kuto, to escape, motion towards speaker, ta kutofi, a bead necklace worn

by women.

restiveness.

kusumbisa

;

kuto she escaped here.

da kusumbi

;

gabaz kusuruan arewa = North-East maikusurua angular. kuta, to persuade. kutanchi, likeness see koian compass),

by

q.v.),

made

;

not of

it.

metathesis

pi.

kusu7'oyi

kutsa, to trespass on a for bidden place, to step over a boundary. kutu, the male of the common lizard (Sokoto equivalent^ kiski)

;

see kadayigare.

kutufani, kotafani, pi. kutu fanal, a large round shield

made

of skin.

;

kutuma

kutuma = bura. kutumba,

pi.

away from kutumbobi,

a

^hort and fat person,

kutumshi*,

F

likeness,

145

for kotanchi, q.v.

kutunku, kutunkun bauna a large bull buffalo,

kutunkun

barao a formidable

kutup

klitup,

tottering,

ap-

or blind,

kuturi, the hinder part of an cf.

;

jakuturi

the

crupper,

kuturu, 2.

kutare^

pi.

applied to gero

leper;

1.

= blighted.

kuturchi or kuturta leprosy,

kututura, kututtura, kotutura, kuturtura, or kututurri, 1. stump of a tree, branch with leaves cut off;

kuwa, a cry, shout, kuyafa (S.), spoon; see kunafa. kuyanga, kwiyanga, pi. kuyangai, kuymigi, used as fern. of

hawa =

plural

is

i\.

female slave; the

used of slaves of

botli sexes.

kuyiwa, kiwuya,

refusal

;

see

'

e.g.

ya kwdbo

it came loose and fell down by me. kwabia coming loose. gatari maikwabia an axe with

a loose head.

kw&be, kw&ba, kwa.bo,

to

kwdbe linzami use your bit, ya kwdbe ma^ananshi he stopped his mouth. kwabe, kube, kwaba, to mix, A 76 kam ba rua kwabe kasanka ya sheka^'e if there no water to mix with your earth is dry.

is it,

kwabi, n. mixing. kwabri, kwauri, pi.' kwabruka, shin-bone

ktvobruka,

;

see

kobri.

kwache,

1.

to plunder or take

snatch

;

2.

to

to rescue, deliver,

kwache booty ; 3. to rua ya kwa^che the rain hindered me. kwaabin

prevent, stop

cheche

;

kidnapped. who one

stolen,

maikwachewa snatches away

;

kwaso

to

snatch.

kwS,chia, the raised part of a

ki.

kuza, to rush see kucha. kuza, kusa, tin ore. ;

kwa,

haft,

a thing away by force,

stubble,

2.

the

gatari ya ktvdbe.

repress, hinder, stop short

thief.

walk of the old

plied to the

animal

kwadandemi

217

also

;

see kua.

kwS,be, to come head of an axe,

loose, etc.,

of the to

come

saddle

;

see kwochia.

kwachia, pi. kwachaye, a glass basin, M. H. p. 73. kwadai, longing for; seekodai. kwadandemi, kudandem.!, a

;

kwadaye

218

hut made with the

in

by a

closed

kw3,lo

mud walls and

kernels

through a top which is

tained from

grass

nuts which

roof, air circulates

hole

;

circular

;

expressed from

shutter (60^0) attached to a

clusters.

pole.

as food

kwadaye, kwadigo (S.),

kwan

to long after.

dan kwadigo

or

a farm

kwadi,

pi.

uvula

;

kwadon chinya thigh muscle kwadon kofa lock of a door. kwagiri, a long pliant creeper

making walkingmaikwagiri a nick-

sticks

;

who

to one

is

fond of beating men.

kwagua, cf.

1.

pincers;

2.

a crab;

adj. fading.

long, slender, light-

e.g. of

to pick a thing out,

a hole

;

see kolkole.

kwakota, a tobe

;

see

kwa-

(Elaeis guineensis),

soup

said to be the old

to pick the teeth

kwakwari,

is

sakatta.

cf.

;

kwakwalwa, brains

;

see kolua.

place or hole

made

for horses' dung, etc.

kwakwSita, kwakota, a tobe with short, lined body and wide single

skirt.

kwakwume,

to

grip,

twist

to grip the

throat.

kwalla,

thoroughly; revile

kwalde

;

cf.

1.

to

to

2.

wash

jeer

at,

makwalla.

or kulde, to strip off

leaves from a stalk.

kwalima, greediness. kwalkwasa, travelling

oil

palm

made from

its

ants

see kwarikwasa.

kwarkWatta,

kwalkwata,

kwata.

kwakwa, pi. kwakoki, kwakuna tree,

is

kwalfe, kolfe, to skim.

coloured snake.

kwakole,

kwa-

of the

kwS.la,

kwajiri, kwagiri, a cane. kwake, fading away, as of a dyed

garment; kwaki,

Attagara

home

kwakwutne wuya

kugiya hook.

kwakia, a

;

progress, a circus canter.

halshi

name given

by the Hausas

altagara coco-nut palm.

kwakwalla, kwakwalla hakori

biceps;

for

large

in

largely used

is

kwadodi,

kwcidon

used

is

cf.

;

kwadon hanu

toad,

frog,

(

oil

seeds or

its

grow

It

oil ob-

Arago tribe.) kwS,kwafa, kokofa, kwokkwofa, a canter with little

labourer

works for wages. kwado, an arrow poison gwazankwado.

kwado,

who

main ja the it. The

kolkota, lice. kwalli, antimony kwS.lo, a ball

;

;

cf koli. .

see kwolo.

;;

;

kwalo kwalo, kwalua,

nut, seed

1.

capsule, e.g. of the water lily;

kwalon goriba nut of the dum palm 2. big, fine kwaluar kaza a plump chicken. ;

:

kwalua,

skull

kwama

(S.),

see kolua.

;

on a to

B

field of battle

;

Imnkali ya of; kwanta da I (or he) approved of ba ka kwana sai ka mutu you won't live till night;

approval

kwana

bean.

the base with a circle of hair

over the crown.

kwami, used kwmnin wuta

kwanda

da,

to

lie

kwankwanche, id. makwanche a place to lie down kwanta to in, a burial place with

;

;

compound

in

kwo/nche

;

down, to sleep, to rest, 58 kwanchiar hankali da lie

;

a kind of red

kwEunbe, a head shaved round left

kwanda

219

lie

down to

sleep ; hankalinsa

quently used instead of the

ya kwanta he became reasonable rainsa ya kwanta he was satisfied kwanta da to lay down; kwanta arua to float; Tua ya kwanta (or kwana) the water settled kwantawa lying down F 63 ka san kai dai ka kwantaioar kushewa thou knowest that

kwana fudu four kwana nawa ke nan

thou shalt lie down alone in the tomb; kwantasda to allay;

kwamme kuka

(S.),

;

see

gwami.

the fruit of the

tree.

;

kwamsa, kwansa, mucus from the eyes

kwana,

see komtsa.

;

kwanaki, kwanuka,

pi.

the 24 hours of day and night,

The

day.

form

sing,

is fre-

plural, e.g.

days

;

how many days ago was it ? kwanaki ya tafi he left a long time ago ban kwana to say ;

good-bye night,

;

;

to

kwana sleep

;

to pass the

ankwanda

rua the night has been passed in the rain

;

sai

ankwan

good-bye for some time

bin (lit.

;

kwanto lying in wait, ambush n. sleeping kwan^

kwanchia, chiar

;

hankali,

n.

content

kwankwanche or kankwanche, adv. lying down. kwanafi, see kwarnafi.

kwanandaga,

bivouac

;

see

kivana.

till it has been slept twice), sanu da kwana biu a greet-

kwanche,

ing after a prolonged absence

kwanche, to untie see kunclie. kwanchi, n. lying down. kwanda, kunda, a cup in-

kwana biu biu every other day kwananddga a bivouac ;

to

down;

lie

see

kwana. ;

;

kwando verted on a reed in a

field as

a charm against thieves, the

supposed to cause the thief's hands to sight

drop

of

it

is

kwando, kondo,

1.

the centre

inside a thatch roof

reeds

a

2.

large

where

meet together round wicker

basket.

a white oblong shield, usually carried by high n.

officials.

kwangara,

v.

to strike with

kwangare, boxing. kwangi, laths or bamboo sticks used in making ceilings. kwango, the wooden frame of shield

;

see

kwan-

kwankwani, kwonkwani,

a

which form the chief source of arrow poison in N. Nigeria (Strophanthus hispidus, Apocynathe seeds of

The name

is

also ap-

Strophanthus mentosus which is a

woody

to

sartall

climber.

kwankwasa,

to

knock at a

door, to tap a pot to see is

;

kwanta, a load

to loose, unbind, cf.

;

kwanta,

e.g,

kunche.

to

down;

lie

see

kwana. kwanta-rafi, reed buck cervicapra redunca for list of antelopes found in Hausaland, cf. under barewa. ;

kwantasda*,

allay;

to

see

kwantatoi, sand grouse;

of.

suwaka, ladin rogo.

kwanto,

lying

in

wait

see

;

kwana. pi. kwanyoyi, or kivanyuna^ skull, brains see ;

koinya.

gara.

ceae).

;

kwanya,

a drum.

kwangura,

plied

kwanson abduga cotton pod. kwanta, pinching yin kwanta

kwana.

fist.

shrub,

shell of eggs or nuts,

cartridge-case

:

kwangara,

the

kwanso,

to pinch,

off.

the

kwara

220

if it

cracked.

kwano, a tin basin Nupe word (2).

or bowl, a

kwara,

the act of trying

n.

swallow something under kwarika.

to

;

kwara, the River Niger;

see

see

kwora.

kwara,

pi.

kwarori, grain, fruit,

kernel,

kwara kwara,

1.

a thin jointed

mat; 2. a thick split cane woven mat used as a door hanging, also called 'munaJiki' because it hides what is

within,

but allows those

inside to see out.

;

kwaraba

kwarkwata

221

kwaraba, thread-worm.

texture,

kwarai,

are strong.

thoroughly I

properly,

rightly,

na

;

understood

kwarai,

f.

ji

kwarai na-

aright;

takwarai correct,

proper.

kwaraka,

be greedy

to

;

see

ktvarika.

kwarakwara, kwarkwara^ kworakwora, a slave-wife = sadaka.

kwarami, dan kwarami corn buyer who buys on the farms sl

and

sells in

the market.

kwaranga, a ladder

;

see ku-

k war are to overtake, v. n., kwarare^ suka y% kwararensa they overtook bef. pron.

(S.),

witchcraft.

;

;

;

site

;

see kwdra.

kwarikwasa, a hammer. kwarikwasa, kwalkwasa, kwarkwasa, korkasa, a the travelling or driver ant it

travels

feeds only

cf.

kwarda, maikwarda one with a bent arm = mailaushi. kwardabi (S.), a door made

in columns and on living creatures.

away of the large mosque

(driver

evil spirit), the

swallow: hirundo senegalensis.

kware, kwari, to peel, strip, bark, skin, kwaro strips of black leather worn round the neck and hanging in kwaria

habits

its

'Hausaland,' pp. 96, 164.

kwarkware take

(S.), to

the

inside

clean out,

out

;

cf.

kwala.

kwarkwaro,

of corn stalks.

kwardodo

front.

;

For description of

him.

kwarche

kwari, quiver see kwori, kwari, a depression see kwori. kwaria, calabash see kworia, kwariche, the name of a poison given in food = sammu. kwarika, kwaraka, to be ravenous or greedy, to beg food maikwaraka one who lives by begging food, a para-

large black ant, usually called

ranga.

kwarari,

su yi kwari they

a

strip

tudinally in the shuttle and

round which the weft passes, hanchin kwarkwaro the thin

wooden pin on which volves;

cf.

kwarkwata, kolkota,

it re-

tangori.

kwalkwata, louse

(pediculus

of

capitis),

of

ka zuha mani kwarkwata I have caught lice from you.

cloth.

kwari, strength, firmness

the sliding wooden cylinder which works longi-

in

Sokoto

kyaya.

;

kwarmi

kwarmu,

pi.

socket, hole, joint of scissors,

depth of eye, maikwarmin ido a man with deep-set eyes. kwamafi, kwannafi, an ail-

ment affecting chest or throat, heartburn; kwamafi ya facia cured.

kwamo,

green

leather;

cf.

kwari^

pi.

a night

1.

moth, flying insect; 2. a thief who comes at night.

kwaro, small change for money. kwaro, strips of black leather (S.),

kwarsana,

a species of teal. chip with a

to

see kotanta.

kwatta,

;

yana

bakinshi

shin-bone, etc.

;

see kobri.

masc. or fem., a grain

of corn,

rice,

etc.

kwayan

;

ido ball of the eye.

kwazazzabo, dry

gully

;

see

kozozobe,

kwazo,

diligence,

da

kwazo

kwiafa, kuyafa

fingers.

kwasa, a hoe with long handle and broad cutting up

used for

stubble.

kwasakwasa,

a bird, pelican.

kwasfa, shell see kosfa. kwashe,partof the embroidery on the front of a tobe. kwashe, kwaso, to take up and carry away (distinct from ;

kwibobij kwibuna,

bone.

to scrape, scratch

blade

pi.

'earth

used generally for gu-

kwarzame,

a wooden

the body between the bottom of

kwalulu,

(S.),

spoon.

kwari-

jia.

with the

cf.

he has an accent. kwauri, dried trunk of a tree, ktvatta,

side of the body, the side of

ktvasa.

pea,'

kwatanta, to speak in parables

kwibi,

hammer.

kwarugom, great pain. kwarukwasa, ants see kwaruru,

kwaso to

take and bring.

diligently.

see kwclre.

kwarra

kwache), to take food out of

the cooking pot;

kwaya,

korino.

kwaro,

kwiyaka

222

kwarmi, gwarmi,

it is

;

the ribs and the thigh-

kwikuyo, kwikwiyo, kurkwiyo, pi. kwiakwiye, kuyakuy% kwikuye, youngling, young of animals, puppies. kwilki, kwilkin kofa door-post; cf.

kulki.

kwiwa,

a

shrub with

pink

flower, its leaves are used in

making temporary shelters. kwiya, ridge in a field see ;

kunya.

kwiyaka, a

cistern for collect-

ing rain-water.

kwiyanga kwiyanga, female

slave

see

;

kuyanga.

kwobe*,

kwontso

223

to repress

kwobruka

cf.

;

kwdbe.

kwabruka,

or

withered branches

plural of

;

kwolkwola, butterfly. kwolkwoli, kolkoli, a metal helmet.

kwolo, the nut

kwabri, q.Y.

kwochia, kwachia, 1. the pommel of a saddle, kwochiar gdba the front peak, kwochiar bdya the cantle 2. the shell ;

ball-like

;

see kivaXo ;

;

ripe

(S.),

wasan kwolo

kwolshi the

(S.),

giginia

unripe fruit of tree

cf

;

kwo-

.

dago.

cobra

see

;

ku-

murchi.

koda.

fruit of the giginia tree

of

polo.

kwomarchi,

of a tortoise,

kwoda, kidney see kwodago, kodago

fruit

fan or deleb palm, hence a

;

cf.

kwomi,

a drinking trough for

animals

kwomo,

kwolshi.

kwoddo, a mixture made

of

;

see komi.

a small bean eaten by

horses.

rama leaves, salt, pepper, etc. kwodogi, strong vigorous man.

kwonda,

kwoffa, a click made with tongue or teeth, a sign of

kwondariya, kondariya, a large wooden hook, some-

;

kwoinyaye, an

pi.

used of a bird,

aje kwoi,

to lay eggs,

kwoin kifi pearls.

kwokkwofa,

to

trot;

see

hroakivafa.

kwokua,

plant

name

of a poison

belonging

the

to

strychnine-producing family,

kwoli, antimony see k6li. kw61ia, face decoration see ;

;

or

fish,

which

also applied to one tree

encircles another.

kwondege, armlets;

see kun-

dege.

kwondo, basket see kwando, kwondua, kondua, yolk of an egg-

kwongo,

the

slightly

bottle;

gidan kwoliba

a prison with walls

with broken

glass.

tipped

curved

head-tray on which the women of

some pagan

tribes carry

their loads.

kwonkwombishi,

kdli,

kwoliba,

back

;

the

used for smearing on arrows, a

bring

times used for catching

vexation.

kwoi, koi, egg

to

restore.

a

black stinging ant.

kwonkwosso, hip-bone, kwontso (S.), bait.

small

;

kwora

kwara or man kwora, kwora, the Hausa name of the river Niger.

kworakwora, kworemi,

slave-wife

corn-trading

kori,

;

yan

korurua^

pi.

Hausaland usually made of wood and covered kworin kibia with skin ;

quiver for arrows. de-

pression in ground, pit, valcf.

korama. pi.

kworuka, kwore (cucurcups ; or calabashes are made from it; muna kworia we are at kore,

bita lagenaria), gourd

kworia

is

i.e.

kwotami,

katami,

kwotana, a

we

are eating.

also used to denote

back,

its

the glands

;

2.

yi kworo kworo

looseness,

(my

shoe)

ya is

too big for me.

kwozozobo, water course

;

see

kozozobe.

kwumbe,

baldness

kwungTira, shield

a

kumbe. oblong

see kwangara.

;

kwur kwur kwur, ;

cf.

;

large

cf.

the sound

M. H.

a stringed

drum

kuria.

kyafa,

p.

war. ;

see

i

(S.),

to threaten,

kyapa,

before a

to

fire so

dry meat

as to preserv

it.

kyafirflta, sand-fly.

kworomi*, maikworomi, one

kyama,

with sunken eyes. kwororo, a bag of cowries;

kyang, onomat. the clang

disgust, aversion,

metal on metal,

kyanwa,

see kororo.

kworto, paramour

a

i.e.

sick toad.

kyache swelling of

1.

small

a

used by

women. kwozo, a toad (kwado) with a

kwuriya,

guinea-corn.

beads

of

lid

126

kworo kworo,

hole

thrown.

loins.

guga a calabash used as a the husks of

is

kwotashi, kotashi,

of running water,

bucket.

first,

a

string

the shell of a tortoise, kworiar

kworno, korno,

regard-

worn by women round the

swelling on

kworia, kwaria, koria,

the bowl,

of

pi.

it is

;

basket with a

kwori, kwSri, furrow or

;

of indigo (bdba)

where dirty water

quiver, in

ley

egg-shells,

kosfa, q.v.

ed as better than the

kivoremi traders in corn.

kwori,

kwosfofi,

kwosuSTi, a second annual crop

a

kwarakwara.

see

kyara

224

;

see korto.

cat

;

see kenwa.

kyara, a black horse.

of

kyasi

laanta

225

kyasi, to measure ; see Jdyasi. kyau, well ; see keau.

times heard (where perfect

kyaure, door

tongue with the palate is not made) intermediate between r and /, thus we find jariri or

kyauro

;

see kaure.

(K.),

kyemru

arrow-shaft

kyaya, louse hwarkwata.

;

contact of the blade of the

(S.),

see kemru.

Sokoto); see

(in

jarili

infant.

I

inter-

is

kyerr, tight, used of a string.

changed with s, r, n and A, and perhaps with m; cf. halalj

kyetu, kyestu, ketu, a

halas; fasali,fasara', haherta,

flint;

later ta

see kastu.

minka

instances the Ar.

^

of modified d)

sort

dis-

count, a broker's commission.

The usual commission paid to the broker,

through

whom

a

almost every bargain in a

pro-

Hausa market is made, is 5 p.c. on the amount involved.

(i.e.

is

linke,

;

lumfashi, numfashi.

ladda, a special

la'ada,

The letter J is used by the Hausas to represent the sound In a few of the English I.

robe

lobe,

;

;

nounced by the Hausas as I cf. fululu from Ar. J>«a?, In the luUo from Ar. ^.03

woje

and in the case of many other words beginning

money paid and the buyer

with

the initial letter re-

pays the market fee or broker's

presents the Arabic article,

however the concluded lada cMkiQit. discount within) the seller pays the commission.

;

If a

man (lit.

sells

anything lada

discount outside)

.

last case

e.g.

I,

lahdri

from Ar.

from Ar.

j^,

laiji

In

oi«j-»-.

the

western districts of Hausaland and in the hinterland of

the Gold Coast an initial often substituted for

r,

I is

e.g.

he receives the whole of the

commission

;

transaction

is

if

laana, la'na Laj,

pi.

laanoni

(cf. Ar. j>xJ), a curse; kai laana a curse be upon thee !

lua^ lafi, liga, rafi,

riga,

rike.

districts the

ending in

for Q^ua,

like

In

these

feminine forms

-Isa,

-Ita,

etc,

not used, but the forms

are -rsa,

kun

yi la^na ye have brought

a curse upon you

ya yi laxina an accursed thing. laanta, laana, laanchi, to curse ya laaneshi he cursed ;

it is

;

-rta, etc. R. H. D.

An ^ sound is some-

him.

15

;

laasar

IMabi

226

laasar, fem. or

;

Ar. j-ap, day

(cf.

afternoon,

night),

esp.

applied to the time between 4 and 5 p.m. cf. Gr. p. 86. The initial letter represents

laberta, to publish news

;

see

labari.

labi, asmallor

newly made path,

labo, deceit, wickedness,

;

the Arabic article. labaran, the fast month.

labuda

^ ^

labari (Ar. j.^^ with art.), news, message,

G

7

;

labubu, f, labubua the young of an animal.

lahdrin dunia,

news of the world. When two Hausas meet their first lit.

(Ar.

certainly,

juS)),

no doubt, just so. labuje, name of town in Nupd, given as name to a kola nut of a superior kind, it being to be sure,

their place of origin.

question usually is e7ina labari

or e7ina laharin dunia

?

na

ji labarinka I heard news of

you laberta to publish news, with ace. to publish news of ;

cf.

lS,bu-lS;bu, soft, spongy,

labunijdam

haherta, id.

on a load, to put a saddle on, to pack up a load cf. M. H. p. 210, analahduwa shanu the oxen were being laden; lahche, ;

^

ment,

E

loaded

receive a reward

a bow-string used

pay cannot refuse to

lie

in ambush, to seek conceal-

ment; under

ga to hide at or yaki ya lobe alahe concealed lahaho cMkin gari Idhe

;

;

;

to proceed against a

town by

stealth; ^^>\,

liberal!

education,

e.g.

ladabi gaskia a true

education ;

D 33 en kun samu

yaya ku nema ladabi garesu if you have children seek instruction for them 2. the ;

«

'

'

I

;

ladama

education, good ya kamata sariki

of

result

manners

;

masu

ladabi the king ought to teach them manners; shi yi

the bowing salutation on

"i

the knees with hands resting

on

tlie

remorse;

grief,

ap-

parently a form of 7iaddma,

ladam

man who

(Ar. o^>*^), the the

calls to prayer,

1.

used adverbially,

;

e.g.

he came back or safely; ya samu

lafia

here well,

lafia he recovered his health sauka lafia may you dismount

safely

(a farewell to a horse-

!

lafiaye^ pi. lafiayazti,

;

a

lafiyeyu

healthy person

B

46 allah shi hamnu tcwana lafafa may God grant us

days of prosperity. lafua, a water-cress.

lagoni, lamp- wick made of twist-

muezzin. ladi,

well

ya komo

man)

ground.

ladama,

ladan,

laima

227

Sunday

2.

;

name given

ed cotton.

I

to a girl

who

is

born on a

I

I

!

i

!

i

'

Sunday;

see lahadi.

Sunday,

ladin kogi, crocodile bird. ladin rogo, sand grouse; kwantatoi, suwaka.

cf.

lit.

the

day.

first

l^hani, blemish, defect; lahani ga ido a blemish in the eye. laheru, a donkey's pad see ;

humble person,

ladiifi, a

lafero.

lafafa*, see lafia. lafe, to

lahira (Ar. Sj^t), the future

turn back the ears, used state including both

of a horse.

and

I

I

lahadi, ladi (Ar. j^'n)! ^>j),

lafe, to sew, to

mend

lafero, laheru,

hem

hem;

laiia,

A^U),

B

lafen zmie the

or edge of the cloth. lajiyu^

pi.

62

;

health

lajiyoyi (Ar.

health, i.e. good health,

yin ;

lafia to

common

7,

heaven

33.

lai*, see lau.

laidore, a shrub laifa*, to laifi,

there

laifi to

you well?

lafia or lafia lau quite

see raidore. cf

;

seq.

.

laifufuka (Ar.

pi.

be in good saluta-

;

condemn

OU*.

with article), that which is wrong, sin, guilt ; yin laifi to do wrong, hada laifi or laifa to condemn, babu laifi

in

tions, karia lafia are

sai

A

cf. lafi.

;

leferu, large

pad on a donkey's back, placed on top of akumari^ q.v. lafi, lafe,

hell,

is

no harm in

it

;

dauki

confess a sin or wrong.

laihi, eunuch.

laima, damp, mildew.

15—2

;;

laima

lallaba

228

lairaa, tent

see lema.

;

(Ar.

sacrifice); sallan lai-

A;ia> .gJI,

ya the

on the occasion

feast

of the killing of the paschal

lamb on the 10th day of the month Dsul Hiddsha, which commemorates Abraham's intended sacrifice of Ishmael ragon laiya the paschal lamb. lajibi (Ar.

sJ^sf. ,c

wonderful,

D

with

tame, cowardly

easy,

lahiya

laya,

laiya,

fanchi

easy disposition.

;

lalabtu,

laplaptu,

lalaftu,

darning; yin

to darn.

I.

lalas*, to burn with hot iron,

F 170 ana masu

pass, in

lalas

a hot iron shall be (prepared) for them ; used of burning or

marking the skin with a hot iron.

article),

lalashi or lilashi,

90

lala-

;

quietness,

idleness,

cf.

coaxing,

n.

ajaba.

persuasion

laka, mire, mud.

lalata,

l^ka, spinal marrow,

lakabi, a nickname, distinguish-

see lallashi.

;

destruction,

1.

condemnation

ruin,

evil

2.

;

dis-

position.

ing name,

title

(Ar. s,^).

lalata,

lakhira, see lahira.

lako

lako,

gently;

softly,

adaureshi lako lako

tie it

up

ayaba lako lako yike the banana is soft, loosely

;

lalaba, lalabe,

pi. lalahohi, feel-

ing, groping, the act of fond-

B

ling;

to spoil

tr.

1.

144 dunia ta kan yi

worthless

lalachi

;

indifference,

idleness,

badness

is idle,

lalache to perish, be

lalabe, lalaba, to grope in the dark, to feel after, search

with the hand

for.

lalache, to be useless, worthless, idle, to perish,

miscarry

ta lalache

1.

idle

lazy;

2.

quiet,.

101

the world

passes to destruction;

lala^

chewa perishing. M. H. p. 1 98 yaki zai Icdachewa — the war

perished;

dunia

B

lalatache, fern. 1. lost,

126 ku ber

lalatache

world to perish; mean.

2.

leave

ta

the

worthless,

lalita*, a small bag.

lallaba, to mend, repair;

cf. lalata.

lalafa

B

destroyed, pass away;

dunia

lalatachia, pl.lalatatu,

;

who

malalachi one

will miscarry,

it

mai-

;

lalachif

ing about.

the world,

to

idle or

would fondle (you) ya juri da lalabe he is accustomed to groplalaba

2.

;

linger about, to be

lalaftu.

cf.

; ;

lallabe, that which

is

incom-

lallasa, to persuade, appease.

lallashi,

persuading, appeas-

ii.

ing, coaxing.

da

lalle

all

circumstances

of necessity, ;

under

lalle

ne

it

necessary or needful, shina

en shi

must needs come, kana so ka zamna da you must needs wish to

lalle lie

lalle if

stay with him. lalle,

from which a red stain is made (Lawsonia inermis, Lythrariae).

lambe

(S.),

a pole weighted at short end with mud and with bucket at long

lambuna,

pi.

2.

1.

vnuncheka I credit you with

umri nan

my

eaten

by

horses. tasteless, insipid id.,

used of eggs

without salt or of broth withlami lafia out meat, etc. ;

very good health.

lamiranta, to long

after, desire

greatly.

cessity,

j«o1,

desire,

ordered), ne-

used of the

na

protection here,

security.

lamunta, laminta to be or become surety for; constr. safe, cf.

intr. to

be

ba ya lamunta ha ka

not safe for you to

halbi it

is

shoot,

lamunche,

id., e.g.

na

lamuncheshi I became surety for him. (K.),

to bind,

tie

up.

lana p.

lamiri* (Ar.

it is

lamuni I stand

yi

lana, curse

da lami,

ladan lamuni athe price paid

the corn;

irrigated garden.

grass

safe

of

a surety for pay-

;

lamyache

lami, pure,

security; wotiletter

ment of a debt; mailamuni one who acts as surety cf. M. H. p. 204, hachi na la-

end for irrigating ground 2. a dry season garden, an

lambusu, a

1.

with accus., also

a game played by

boys.

lambu,

conduct;

for

the henna plant

lelle,

Ar. ,>o*^),

kan lamuni

lalle, lenle*, need, necessity;

zua

obligatory time for morning

and evening prayers. lamuni, lamini (probably from

a partial repair.

plete,

is

langi

229

lallabe

for

;

see laana.

rana,

day,

M. H.

227, allah shi mailana.

landi, a wanderer.

langa,

lenge, lunge, a

dren's game, hopping

chil-

on one

leg.

langabu, the skin of an animal beaten, cooked and eaten. lange lange, lean, slender. langi,

lange,

lengi,

narrow bag for

salt.

a

long

;;

lankosa

!

lankosa, lankoshe, to droop, used of a leaf, to bend, tr. and intr., used of a tree, spear, etc.;

cf.

used in darning

stitch

laraba, larba (Ar.

w^), found

an Arab, larabawa Arabs;

E

laraba (Ar. nesday

;

l^j*:)\

lit.

j>^Jt),

Wed-

the fourth day.

larura (Ar. cj^j^), 1. necessity, e.g. E 14 domin larura for the sake of necessity

ya

trouble,

rike

;

2.

larura he

on receiving punishment for wrong-doing 3. needs, wishes, ya tsare da larurar sariki he looks after feels pain, e.g.

the king's interests

;

cf. tale.

laruranta, to hinder.

up up, consume

lasa, lashe, to lick, lick of cf.

fire,

to lick

hanu mahnia akathe hand that has soup

prov.

lasa

gets licked (of cupboard love).

lasabta, lasalta, to enumerate,

make a

list

;

see lisafta.

l^SO, a score, used like hauia, q.v.,

for

with the

e.g.

foot.

counting amounts

lafia, quite^

lau or lau lau quite

lau is sometimes used Sokoto without lafia, e.g.

well,

in

mu

lau It

49.

eat.

see litini.

;

latse, laze, to squash, crush,

lafia

in comp. halarahe its pi.

Monday

lau, adv. used with

see lahda.

;

laso, a composite material used

latini,

lappa*, a cover for a saddle. lapta, to load

laso

biu forty.

lasshe lashe, plenty to

see lalaftu.

;

by twenty.

divisible

in building walls.

tankoshe.

lankoso, drooping. lanza*, nuts. laplaptu, darning, the

and

lauma

230

ke

we

are very well.

also used as an inter-

is

jection implying denial, derision or disbelief

mu gamu wait

right,

;

(sotto till

cf

.

lau ai

voce)

all

we meet

lauashi, the leaves of onions; see lawashi.

laudi,

bending

cf.

;

proverb

laudi ba karaya ha bending is

not breaking. a sweet potato

lauer,

;

see

lawur. lauje, laushe, a small semicircular

grass

man a

;

sickle

for

cutting

mailauje, mailaushi a

with an arm bent like

sickle.

lauma* loma

(Ar.

a^),

B

a

30 wonda ke jiran kahaki dunguin .ha shi kulata da lauma he who waits for abundance to eat cares not for a mouthful. mouthful;

. .

;;

launi launi,

231 launonif launoka ( Ar.

pi.

O^),

1-

species

colour, hue;

;

2.

kind,

invisible

thin,

flour, dust, etc.;

as

fine,

cf.

roshi.

also the

from the

made the

is

name

fruit of

following,

layan sabanij i.e. a charm to prevent injury in war tuirir ;

kia mailawaye a sheep with

laushi, a sickle; see lauje.

laushiwa, being blunt; da

it is

;

of the tree

which

D 78.

laushi, loshi,

leka

lau-

shiwa blunt. lausuru, a plant with edible seeds (algaru) and leaf like a turnip's, one variety has red seeds, and a smaller variety

two

laya, a feast

lauya, to twist, to fold, to fold one leg over the other,

lawali (Fulani lawal), a track or spoor.

see laiya.

;

layache, to

layS,ta,

roll over,

roll up.

lazami,

lezami,

horse's bit

has black.

hanging from

wattles

the lower jaw.

laze, to crush

linzami,

see lizani.

;

see latse.

;

lazumta, lazumche ( Ar. ^jJ), adhere

to

1.

to,

stick

to-

gether; 2*. to be necessary,

lawashi = gainyen albasa the leaves which sprout from the

lazumcheni I must do,

e.g.

lazumtache

obligatory

cf.

;

top of an onion.

lawur, sweet potato, used in Sokoto for dankcdi.

lebatu, the wattles of a cock

lay a, pi. lawaye, layu (Ar. 3o\ with the article prefixed), 1.

lebo, lebe,

h-

a writing of any kind,

2. a freedom or manumission of a slave 3. a

certificate of

;

written charm or armlet, consisting of a piece of paper

written on and sewed up in a leather bag and worn on

the

neck

or

arm

;

ya yi

he made a charm) he vanished layan zana a charm which renders a man laya

(lit.

;

cf.

seq. pi.

ledai, spoon lefe,

1

;

lebuna, lehu^

a basket used by

.

made

lip.

see ludai.

women

palm fibre 2. a present sent by the bridegroom to the bride several of kaha,

i.e.

days before the wedding. leferu,

lafero,

pi.

leferai,

pad for a donkey; see

a

lafero,

laheru.

leka, leki, leko, to spy, peep, overlook, to look out from a

doorway

;

mi suka

leka

what

;

leke

232

did they peep at? ha ni so

kowa shi leko daganan I don't want anyone spying in here;* verbal nouns leleka, leke-

cf.

leke^ leke^

lekawa, shina leleka

(or leke leken)

dakuna he was

inspecting the rooms, ya leka

huta he squinted bottle,

into

garu

lekeii

the

looking

over the wall. leke, to

roll

up the covering

of

(S.),

the lower part of the

1.

lema,

Kanuri leima

laima,

(probably from Ar. tent, cf.

1

leather satchel;

2.

a

thrown over

piece of cloth

;

from Ar. j-**.), kafa lema to pitch ndde lema to take

a tent,

(lit.

to roll up) a tent

umbrella.

lemu, lemo (Ar. o>o-J, jj^^),

Pers.

lime, lemon.

foot;

see lange.

lesafi, counting

;

;

see

see langi. lisafi.

leshi, a cord or stalk on which fish are' fixed for carrying.

the shoulder.

lekke, to be stretched out, used

leso, a grass mat.

of a dog.

letafi, writing

dance accompanied by music, practised by young men.

leya, to kill for sacrifice;

lela, a

lele,

one much loved, darling.

lele, to tame, e.g.

an animal.

leleya, to rub or stroke with

the

game

hands.

A

children's

which a piece of stick is buried in the heap of sand, when the sand is graduallj^ scraped away. lelle, the henna plant, the leaves of which are ground up to make a stain for the hands the dye is specially used for in

decorating brides

lema, damp

;

a

lahari,

tent

down 2.

ter

;

cf

.

mabachi

baa.

(Katsena),

chi (Kano), debtor.

pi.

mabar

mabata,

i

;; :

mab&ga mab§,ga

watch

(S.),

sentry post;

tower,

mu-

see

;

maballi, a buckle, fastening, latchet mahallen takalmi a ;

strap

or

lace

see

;

mabantari

mabantali

(K.),

tamache adj. female; mache maimiji a married woman yar mache a young woman

mabu-

mab§.ras, mabarashi,

rus, a white material used

making turbans, possibly

= bermushi by metathesis. mabiriki, maburki, a small stick

for

mache, machi*

milk

stirring

or

maboya, maboiya, maboyi, a hiding-place

mabudi, a key cf. bude. mabugi, one who beats clothes. mabugia, pi. mabugai, a threshing-floor; a place where ;

clothes are beaten in dyeing;

death.

mache, matse,

maburki, a

stick with

to stir a liquid

;

which

see mabi-

riki.

material

making turbans

;

see

ma-

folly,

shina da ma~

buya — shi marasliankali

machara, used

in

Kano

7ie.

for

a species of reed grass.

machauchi, an animal which

;

push

the

machiachi, m,at-

one who

1.

to

dis-

is

tressed, perplexed, helpless 2.

distress,

poverty,

care.

ma^hiata, matsiata anxiety,

machichi squeezing,

distress,

14

;

matsu.

cf.

machechi,

pi. m^acheta,

1.

de-

liverer, saviour, intercessor;

deliverance;

m.achechia,

cf.

cheche.

intercession,

de-

liverance.

macheto, a

baras.

mabuya,

matsa,

crush, force,

amachesu

home

siachi,

2.

maburus, a white

squeeze,

press,

D

buga to beat.

M. H.

mxichewa = m,utua,

96.

attack

boya.

cf.

;

to

die,

;

participle for 'dead,' p.

push,

tuo.

to

from this comes the particip. adj. matache dead, q.v. amache is used as a past perish

button.

(S.),

for

mache, pi. ma^a, woman, female,

see mata.

halla.

cf,

a

of

size

as opposed to namiji male,

baiya.

in

about the

barks,

dog.

bdgo.

cf.

homage

mabaiya,

shoe

machi

237

machi*

to

refuge. die,

B

102; see

TnacJie.

m.achi,

pi.

machia,

glutton

the plural form denotes also a place by the wayside where

;.;

machiachi food

much

also

is sold,

abundance

of food

food,

cf.

;

dis-

tsia poverty.

machiata and machichi,

chizai

biter,

(lit.

pi.

see

ma-

chiji),

cf.

snake; farin machiji a thin

snake (psammopis sibilans) sometimes 6 feet in length, along overhanging it lies branches machiji,

of

trees

;

a

Meliaceae).

madadi-n, of

cf.

;

madafa*, da/a,

pi.

lit.

Ar.

in place of, instead

itiadedi.

from chi, q.v., and kura gain. machiri, a mutilating form of

matsirkia,

a

stringed musical instrument;

hu ma-

father and %9J^,

^, is

the

name given which

has cannon impressed upon

The word is used by the Hausas in N. Africa. madafi, pi. mada/ai, kitchen, it.

;

cf

.

dd/a.

mad^gi, a shrub with white flowers, smal] bifid leaves

black

tsarkia.

;

to the Spanish dollar,

stove

leprosy.

madafai

the father of cannon

cannon),

vantage, a cheat, def rauder

machitsundum

maduba, a wooden

pi.

the African mahogany tree, its bark is medicinal (Khaya Senegalensis,

viper

machikura, pi. machiakiira, one who obtains an undue ad-

machirkia,

yin

madachi,

sarkin

black

(atractaspis), 2. a cobra.

cf.

m^dabi,

(cf. 1.

;

beater for pounding clay.

mache.

machiji, fem. machijia,

da madda avaricious

'inadda to fail to satisfy.

see chi.

;

machiachi, matsiachi, tressed

madaidaichi

238

twisted

pods

and

(Bau-

splash-

hinia spinosa, Leguminosae).

maker), 'African belted king-

niad§>ha, a beggar or mallam

fisher

'

(lit.

(Ceryles

rudis)

;

cf

machiwa

sings. ;

(S.), bile.

machiyi, he who feeds on. .ma.

chiyinka your dependent;

cf.

gard.

madaidaichi,

pi.

madaidaita,

moderate size, average, e.g. yaro shina da m,adaidaichi the boy is of moderate size; 2. anything of moderate 1.

chi.

machuchi, maker probably

a

of mischief,

contraction

of

m,aichiwuchi, inS,da,

who

yin madai, contemplation mddai to contemplate, re-

tsindum,.

madda,

covetousness

size

:

cf.

daidaiche.

i

;

madaji, the plain edge of a mat cf chinkai. madaki, madaiki, a chamber;

lain,

.

one of the chief

in the

Hausa

officials

states, in

Kano

the order of precedence

is

galadima, madaki, in Zaria the inadaki comes next It is probably to the king.

sariki,

a contraction of madawaki and originally meant master

madala (Nupe

id.),

Ar.

i.e.

^^)t

yes,

in-

J3 U,

what has God shown!

madamri or madamrin chiki, a girdle

cf

;

damre.

.

madanbachi, a cooking

pot

at

the

with holes pierced bottom.

in§,dara

(cf.

pronounced madowami

;

cf.

dawama.

made, the strutting of a woman. madebi, a spoon used for measuring

madedi, a

cf.

;

debe.

substitute

;

see

ma-

dadin.

madya

m^di,

dumia, taura,

the

of

fruit

(F 230), a kind

made from the

of molasses

dinya, or kaiwa tree, or from sugar-cane.

of the horses.

deed,

madudu

239

madaji

Ar.

rt

jj^), fresh

or sweet milk,

m.S.diga, used of the spot in a

baby's skull which pulsates cf.

diga.

m.adigo, immorality between

women. madinkia, dumki a

cf. mafrom dumke

needle tailor,

;

to sew.

m.adobia, a tree with yellow blossoms, and flat winged fruit from its wood spindles :

madat, madas, a poison ground up and used

for destroying

mice, etc.

office

in

madabchi,

an

Zaria usually held

by one of the chief slaves. imadaukaki, the great or high I

one, e.g. a king

madauki,

made (Pterocarpus

;

cf.

daukaka.

handle, that part of

anything by which it is held in the hand cf. dauka. ;

madawami, fem. madawamia, long lasting, incessant; often

erin-

aceus, Leguminosae).

mSidogara,

j

Imadauchi,

are

cf.

stay, prop, support

dogare.

m.adoro, hunchback

;

cf.

doro,

miS/dubi, glass, eye-glass, look-

The latter is more commonly madubin fuska

ing-glass.

cf.

duba.

madudai* (cf ed up,

madudu coach.

B

.

Ar. j^), reckon-

122.

(S.),

an

idler,

slow-

:

madufa

240

madufa, cannon, M. H. cf.

p.

63

;

madafa.

madugu, gai,

of a caravan ; he always walks

the jagaha

whilst

behind,

usually walks in front; title of

2.

the

a prince amongst the

Bornuese.

.

cannot see except at night the darter bird, it feeds on *

'

dundumi

cf.

;

to grope

about.

mS-dya, a syrup, F 230; ci.mddi. mafada, pi. mafadawa, councillor,

adviser or minister of a

king

;

.

cf

;

.

mafaka, a

wild, inclined to

place to

lie

in wait,

(S.),

mafarki (K.),

pi.

dream yin madream cf. (?) falka

mafalkai^

;

;

to awake.

mafarauchi,

.

wood upon two gofa

m.afiadi, a crosspiece of

which

rests

and supports the roof

of a house.

mafichi, landing-place; d.fita. mafifichi,

Hhe

superior,

pi. mafifita,

great,'

wanan

mafifichi

ne ddga wonchan this perior to that

;

is

su-

see fiflta.

mafigirma, greater, lit. that' which surpasses in greatness^ it is usually followed by ddga. mafitsara,

bladder;

1.

2.

scoop-shaped knife to smootht inside or outside of a gourd.

surpasses in number, followed^

miafori, miaiforo, instructor

j

see foro. (S.),

ma-«

ferfichi (K.), mafifichi,

fan

;

ai

cf fifita. .

mafuri, a kind

of bellows

;

cli

fura. pi.

mafarauta,

hunter.

mafarauta, n. hunting. mafari, beginning, origin; fdri.

;

mafuchi, mafilfichi

mafS-lashi, glutton.

falki to

the market cf fauta. mafauta, n. butchering.

by ddga.

fada.

hiding-place; Qi.fako, hako.

mafalki

mahauchi, q.v., who sells meat in

or

a butcher

mafiyawa, more, lit. that whiebt

cf fadaiva.

mafadachi, fight

mafauchi

sticks,

maduraki, fem. madumkia, pi. madumkai, madumka, tailor; cf dumke to sew. mSidundumi, a small aquatic bird which, the Hausas say,

fish

mS,fashi,maifeshe,pl. mdfasay brigand, robber.

madugawa, maduleader or headman

pi.

1.

magabchi

magabachi, ofiicial

who cf.

is

;

2.

1.

title of

a patron,

in front,

pi.

a

royal-^

lit.

onei

m,agdhaia*

great ones.

magabchi, an enemy

;•

see gaba.\

\

\

!

magadi magadi, magashi, magaji, magada, niagata,

magagachi,

B

108

1.

pi.

heir.

senseless,

fool,

cf.

;

magagari,

gigichi.

etc.

;

2.

see g agara.

;

jmagagi, reeling or staggering as of a dying man mag agin ;

berichi stretching one's limbs

magaji, a minister of the household, esp. of a king's house-

hold

;

magaji

(of

which maji

is

perhaps an abbreviation)

is

probably formed from gaje

to inherit

cf maji.

;

magaji^ heir

.

;

see magadi^ m^t-

1.

confluence

of

rivers

or cf.

;

joint

gangama

of

to

mix

magajiyi, lazy, incompetent; from gaji to tire. magana (from gani to see), cf. shina da magana he is pretty. magana, pi. maganganu, 1. vocable

language,

e.g.

;

2.

speech,

magana hausa

the Hausa language; yin mxjugana Jmusa to speak or to

know the Hausa language. maganan mi ku ke yi what are you talking about?

knee, etc. pi. maganguna and magunguna, 1. medicine, re-

m.agani,

medy

m,aimagani a doctor

;

maganin kuda a

strip

leather placed over a horse's flies ; maga^ nin zawo a purgative medi-

cine

;

poison

2.

magali,

id.);

3.

(cf.

Kanuri

a

charm,

maganin yaki a charm to afford protection in war cf. prov. maganin gari da nesa ;

tcifict.

al-

discussion, yin maganta to hold discussion.

magantawa,

magantirwa,

council or discussion before

a king,

etc.,

or

with any-

one.

m.agaria (zizyphus lotus), a bushy tree resembling the kurna, with edible fruit about the size of

The

cherries.

pounded and made into little cakes tuwon magaria, and sold at the little fruit is

wayside markets. m.agariar-kura, zizyphus mu-

keren-m^agana an in-

magarub, magariba, magu-

228.

nuendo R.

;

H. D.

see kere.

;

of

maimagana ne am/ma ha da haki ha God speaks but not with the mouth, M. H. lah shi

p.

;

a limb, elbow,

maganta,

g/**o),

1.

late in

16

magashi the evening, just before sunset,

the time between laasar

and

lisha,

see

rana;

2.

the

west.

magashi, magaji, fem. magashia, heir

;

see magadi.

magaya, magauchi, thetic

mS-ge,

;

1.

pi.

gaya evil. the tame cat;

because only a married has a house of his own.

magimpa, maigemfa,

ma-

gen tental the civet cat, it a native of N. Africa but

is is

kept in a state of captivity

by the Hausas for the sake of the frankincense (turare)

which is secreted in a double pouch under its abdomen. cf. m,uidon mage squint ;

zuru.

(Tephrosia vogelii).

m.agini, fem. maginia, 1.

;

;

.

evil spirit

;

2.

one who paints

eyebrows and pretends

toe becomes gradu-

magodi, magoji,

absorbed

and the

eventually drops

geduwa one 'Hausaland,'

magena,

toe

maim,a-

off;

so afflicted,

cf.

cf.

by a

spirit;

giro an eyebrow.

a measure; goda to measure. magogora*, throat see makocf.

;

goro.

magori, a plant with small

152.

p.

2.

dig.

to be possessed

little

ma-

magirbi, sickle see girhi. magirki, pi. magirkai, stones put under anything to support it anything which underlies something else. magiro, pi. magirgij'a, 1 ghost,

ainhum, i.e. the disease in which the bone of ally

pi.

builder, potter;

an instrument with which to

his

mageduwa, the

a plant

used to put in a pond for stupefying and catching fish,

gina^

cf.

2.

man

one of the leguminosid class

maunsympa-

heartless,

gata,

magudia

242

a tree from whose

white flowers clustered in a

made; this mixed with indigo makes

magudanchi, mugudanchi,

leaves a yellow stain

is

a green dye.

pi.

magewayi, maigewoye,

pi.

magewaya, spy, scout (in Sokoto majewayi) cf. gewaya, ;

to

magudantai, a slave about

fourteen years old

;

probably

formed from gida and

origin-

ally applied to a slave born

in his master's house.

jewayi.

magi,

ball.

walk aimlessly.

magidanchi, a married man,

magudia, a small

plant with

white chaffy flowers (Poly-

:;

;

maguje carpaea

Caryo-

linearifolia,

maguje, muguje,

mayu-

pi.

one who runs away in war, or from a

maguda,

dane^

master;

1.

a place of running,

2.

line of flight, so a trench

away

for carrying

maguraza, a

water.

maguriba, evening

maga-

see

;

rnb.

used as the roller

;

gurje

cf.

to press.

making

pagan Hausas, heathen, a pi. form of bama-

guje, q.v.

magwaji,

tobes.

maharam, the first month the Mohammedan year.

measure

see

;

gtvada.

in

a raider

nia]l3.ri, pi. m^ahara,

hdri.

maharma, maharama

(Ar.

handkerchief,

4-oj.a—o),

mahasadi,

one

who

causes

trouble or vexation, slanderer,

persecutor;

cf.

hasada. pi.

ma-

hauta, a butcher, Tnahauta a slaughter-house.

mahaukachi,

scales,

halita.

cf.

;

white calico used

mahauchi, mafauchi,

maguzawa,

fem. mahauka-

chia, pi. m,ahaukataj

a foolish

mahaukachin kdre a mad dog cf. person, a lunatic;

magwara,

a small blue and

copper-coloured

bird,

some-

thing like a swallow.

mahaifa, 137,

1. 1.

birthplace; 11

;

2.

Gr.

the uterus.

mahakiunchi, a person thority

;

mahalbi, 1.

see pi.

in au-

mahukumchi. m,ahalha,

;

haukachi.

mahawara, cf.

mahaifi, pi. mahaifa, one or both parents.

halbi,

m,ahalita, creator

mahamudi,

cf.

magurji, mugurji, a flat stone on which rice, etc. is rolled or on which cotton is pressed dan tnagurji the stone which

p.

the constellation

2.

;

mahalbiyi, pi. mahalbai, weapon, implement for hunting, mahalichi, maihalichi* pi.

in

species of wild

yam.

is

halbi

Orion.

phylleae).

ji

mahukumchi

243

mahayi, ascent

steps, ladder,

cf

;

.

hawa

means of

to ascend

also a ford or the

end of a

.

m,asu-

dis;

mahawayi*, an obj ect of terror,

ford ; cf mashigi the entrance

bowman, spearman,

marksman, anyone who charges guns or arrows

a black and white

turban,

cf.

to a ford,

mahayi,

pi.

mahaiya, a

rider,

mahukumchi, mahukunchi, pi.

m,ahukumta, m,ahukunta,

16—2

;

..

mai a person in authority

maia,

cf

;

hakumchi.

mai, fix

maichi

244

pi.

to return, go again

see

;

tnaya.

nominal pre-

mastij a

forming nouns of agency

from verbs, substantives and

gudu

adjectives, e.g.

to run,

maigudu a fugitive gona a farm, maigona the owner of

maiabu,

or in construct form

who

maiabin, one proprietor is

the

;

used

often

possesses

owner.

the

something,

the

pi.

m,asuabu

for

wealthy

;

the farm

;

girima great,

girima one who

is

great

tnai;

cf

people.

m.aiaddini, pi. masuaddlni, a religious person ; see addini.

mai-uwa da murufu bai chin tuo gaya the man who has his mother by him

maiagazawa*, maiagajewa,

with the stove will not eat

maialgus, maialgusu,

prov.

The forma-

uncooked food. tion

closely analogous to

is

Words cf. ma. beginning with mai which are only occasionally used the Arabic

will

;

be found under

original forms

;

their

thus for mai-

gudu cf under gudu. mai, frequently used in conversation for m,asa to him

helper,

F

106.

m.aiajia, store-keeper; ful person

cf.

;

maiamfadi

(S.),

cf.

ajia.

deceit-

algus.

door-mats for

hanging over a doorway. m.aiaro, tenant, one who hires a farm from the maichi or holder;

cf.

aro.

maiata, misfortune; see

mor-

yata.

.

;

cf. 7iai

for nasa. 0^

mai

(Ar. %t^),

m.aibada, cf.

maibaiwa, p.

oil

or grease of

any kind, e.g. butter, the fat of meat main shanu cow butter, ynainja palm oil, main geda oil obtained from ground ;

masubaday giver;

pi.

bada.

M. H.

generous,

194.

miaibarra, one who begs in the

name

of

God, the professional

beggar, contrast mairoko:

cf.

barra.

maichara, maishara, the one

1.

cock,

who crows

nuts, m,ain kackmiya oil from

lit.

seeds of shea butter tree, tnaiu

the reed of a wind instrument

ridi oil obtained by distilla-

cf.

maichi,

sJwfewa ointment of any kind.

sariki

sesamum

2. •

chara.

seed, main

tion from

;

owner,

proprietor

maichi the

reigning

;

maida

sariki the deposed king

cf.

;

chi to gain possession of.

maida,

to turn, change

shi talaka ne

;

cf.

da

amma ammai-

dashi sarki he was formerly !^a

maiflto

245

king, in contr&stv^ith jfitache7i

_

;

poor

man but he is changed

(into a king then with various ;

we kamna C 9 to desire, na maida

shi. maye7' masa hand it mayesda, 7naover to him yerda to send back, to return; ;

cf.

tnayesdxMhi put

noun,

is

F

them ya hawa he made me a

stand, shall change

Ihave maida

m^aisheni

the

lirect

like him,

I

away,

used before a pro207 jahimi na ji fa maishesu the fire, I under-

m,aishe

[modifications of the idea

'camna gareshi

it

also to translate, e.g. a letter;

;

slave.

maida*

(Ar. SjuU), table.

6 maida, h%m,a to pay at-

mtion to or to do quickly, lida

kansa to pretend,

E

6

laida addinin asna to imibte

the religion of the hea-

lind, to

e.g.

lo,

to put be-

maida haya

bhen,

degrade, to cause to

ya

maidashi shi

kwan-

he caused him to lie down to turn or change in value,

*che

.g.

sariki

ya maida kurdin

ladafa sidli biu the king has

[changed the

value

the

kada maida mutum abin wofi do

[Spanish dollar to ca

of

lot

put

26-.,

down a man In

worthless thing.

[instance m,aida

as a

this last

used in the

is

maid§,fua, cook

mLaidagirima, maidalili, see

see dafa.

with

1.

dalili.

;

n. gratitude,

2.

a

reason;

kind

of

cloth.

m.aidaukan-kaya, a carrier; cf. maikaya the owner of a load,

maidere, lord of the M. H. p. 227. maidilanchi*, trader;

night,

cf.

di-

lanchi.

maidoro, humpbacked. m.aidiimi, warm, fresh, used of milk or of

cooked food

see dumi.

maiesa, why?

cf.

mayesa.

usually attach-

maifefeto, winged, M. H.p. 158;

ed to mayerda. mayes used without an object is equi-

m.aifeshe, pi. masufeshe, robber,

valent to maida, 7ia mayes masa da magana I answered him ka mayes = ka komx) da

m.aifitina, a tease see fUina. maiflto, ferryman; ci.ftto.

rsense

which

is

:

;

cf faifeto. .

brigand

;

see mafashi. ;

;

;

maiforo

maiforo, mafori, instructor; .

maifuchi, one who gasps breath;

for

man who

a

(S.),

talks fast without stopping to think

;

garaje.

cf.

gaskia.

cf.

gewoye.

.

;

our lord to-day and for

evei*.

masugona, possessor of a farm cf gona. maihakia, a man with only one eye cf. hakia a disease pi.

;

.

;

creator, see

ma-

warrior

a

single

on

horseback

isolated ;

cf.

ing One,

trem-

keta.

good

;

beautiful,

keau.

cf.

;

see

ma-

see

ma-

keri.

maikesua, a

firefly

;

kesua.

maiki, 1.

12

Gr.

vulture,

maikinji,

p.

(Ar. SU»-), the i.e.

liv-

1.

enemy;

2.

a hard-

headed or stubborn person.; cf. ki. ;

see

mail, intoxicated,

e.g.

with gia

dresser

;

cf

mai-kl-wuya,

M. H. ba

hair-

kiso.

.

maikiuya,

p.

a

to work,

refuses

147; cf. ki, cf. tvuya a name

ki

given to a large iron needle used in thatching roofs.

or hanissa.

maiikochi, possessor M. H. p. 228.

md-

keri.

yaro

God.

137,

meke.

cf.

;

man who

mdhm^i.

maihaya*

who

maikiso, fem. maikisia,

halichi.

maihari,

re-

^nakarkata, maker-

.

maikira, blacksmith

of the eyes.

maihalichi*,

cf

;

maikeri, blacksmith

maigobe, lit. possessor of tomorrow nhangijinmu cf maiyo maigobe He (God) is

maigona,

niaikatarta*, one

maikeau, maikiyo,

gera.

maigewoye, majewaye, spy cf.

maikari*, scorpion. maikasala, a beggar who fuses to work cf. kasala. bles

maigero, with eyebrows, M. H. ;

gun

flint-lock

;

maigaskia, an honest man

205

maikamsir, a see kamsir.

fuchi.

ci.

maigaraji

p.

maikai, a person with a large head.

cf foro.

cf,

maikoda

246

of power,

maijia, one-eyed; cf. ijia. maijika, lit. possessor of the bag, a kind of stork.

maikiyo, beautiful

;

see mai-

keau.

m.aikoda,

fem.

maikodai,

a

person seeking employment or hire;

cf.

koda.

;

maikoda

maikoda, maikodia, a woman who pounds corn cf. prec. maikoiya, maikoya, a teacher; ;

maikora, a bald man cf kora. maikoto, beak cf koto to peck, ;

;

maikunche, a

.

.

wrestler

;

cf.

kunche to loosen. sly,

greedy

;

eats

see kur-

;

kwarika.

maikwarda, one with a bent ;

cf.

a diligent or ener-

getic person

;

see kwazo.

;

cf.

kworomi.

grown

to a height of about

digging round yams

bail

or surety for another,

mailamunta, one who is surety for payment of a debt; cf. lamuni.

out

blot

or

repeat an action

maimai

;

cf.

mai-

;

cf.

loma a

cf.

mai-m.ai, the owner or

na

yi

seller

also of meat, juicy,

;

with plenty of fat in

it

cf.

;

maimaita,

to repeat again and maimaichi repeatedly. maimalaka*, ruler, M. H. p. 228 ; cf. malaka.

maimaki,

maimeki, m.ako, else

of display

see made.

maim.agani, a doctor.

a

2.

;

something is

mai-

which is to something

that

1.

substitute

else

;

3.

for

maim£ki7i

used as a preposition 'in

exchange

for.'

(S.),

our

lord,

our

master.

maina*,

mouthful.

maimade, one fond

to

erase, ;

have written it twice over, ka maimaita abu you have repeated it.

mai-muwa

kivarda.

mailom.a, glutton

yin

2.

I

parallel or like

mairana, lord of the day, M. H. p. 227. mailauje, one with an arm for

bent like a sickle

;

mainiai, applied to writing,

again,

mailam.uni, one who goes

mailana*

the

tilling

1.

mai.

maikworomi, one with sunken eyes

n.,

ground, heaping up the earth round a plant when it has

of butter

mailauje.

maikwazo,

has

see maye-

;

duiva.

to

Tnusu.

maikwaraka, a glutton, used esp. of a man who lives by begging food, M. H. p. 147

arm

who

one

lost his little toe

three feet, especially used of

maikurmusu, one who

cf.

maimageduwa,

maimai,

see koiya^

on the

mama

247

prince

1. ;

cf.

Kanuri

id.,

a

used only of the son

of a king;

2.

large antelope.

a species of

:

mamauwa

maiyani

248

mamauwa*

man who

a

slowly or

deliberately

nauwa weight. mainema, a profligate

goes of.

;

or pros-

maisarari,

spacious

mainidai* (cf. Ar. tjJ), one who calls. mainya, m.anya, pi. of haha

sa-

maisari, a retailer of goods. a peddler ; cf. save to cut up.

maishaida*,

titute.

cf.

;

rari.

a witness

;

masushaida.

pi.

shaida.

cf.

maishako, a man with a

coir

peated for the sake of em-

head ; cf. shaka. malshe, to change ; see maida. mai-shi, pi. masu-shi, owner,

phasis, e.g. mainya mainya mutane very great or very re-

maita,

frequently

It is

great.

spectable persons

cf.

;

re-

m,aiya

maiya Gr. p. 137, 1. 14. mairaki, a coward see raki. maireda, miller, proprietor of ;

in the

proprietor.

who

witchcraft

1.

;

2.

a

man

charms

which cause the death of another cf. maye. utters

;

a mill

cf

;

.

marede a

mill-

mairoko,

maroka, a

pi.

man

begs by cajolery or

flat-

tery, contrast maibdra.

mairowa, a grasping, person

cf.

;

covetous

rowa, marowachi.

maisa, mesa, misa, a python, said by the Hausas to eat

mischievous,

;

des

see ta^adi.

maisaida,

pi.

masusaida, one

who sells, salesman cf saida. maisanda achi goriba (manwith-a-stick eat thedum palm fruit), the name given to a ;

.

particular kind of cloth.

maisane,

robber;

cf. tare.

maitsS,ri,maitsaro, a guardian or custodian

;

see tsdra.

a poor person

m.aitsia,

;

see

tsia.

maitsini, sharp pointed (used of

needles)

;

maikarifi,

cf.

sharp (used of a knife).

sheep.

thief, usually applied

to a robber cf.

tructive

maitarian-hainya, a highway

stone.

who

maita'adi,

who steals openly;

the

species

of

gero

which ripens with the dawa in December. (millet)

m.aiya,

a

great

one;

see

m,ainya.

maiya, sorceress see maye. maiyanchi, age, honour, im ;

portance

;

see

mainya.

maiyani, mayani, handkei

sane.

maisanko, bald

maiwa,

;

see sanko.

chief;

cf.

yane.

;;

maiyawa

; ; ..

maiyawa, pi. masuyawa, much, many cf yawa. maiyelwa, spacious cf yehva. .

;

;

maiyesa, a sion,

makilda

249

for

.

colloquial expres-

what

cause,

why?

meditating;

cf.

a rogue, one

who

a

majigi,

miajiga,

body.

It

sold

is

refuses to restore a pledge or

an orderly.

listens for a call,

majina, a

cold,

cold in the

head, mucus, sickness

who buys a thing and runs away without paying for it

majina to blow the nose

see zarriba.

seqq.

majajaiwa, majejawa, maj auj awa, maj uj a wa, a sling,

majarabchi*, a

villain;

cf.

jdrdha.

majayi, a girth or girth-strap; kaitara, hauji.

maje, the copaiba tree, a large tree from which a sweet scent obtained (Daniellia thuri-

Leguminosae).

fera,

majemi, also

majema^ a tanner; used of a tanning block. pi.

majewaye, magiwaye or maigewoye, scouts, spies; cf.

maji

jewayi, gewaya.

maje

cf

who

an

;

cf

mLajinachia, blood letting

;

cf.

majiya.

jini.

m.ajinata*, one who gives water or acts as an attendant in time of sickness majinataka thy water-bearer, B 59 ;

see jinia.

majiiiaya

(K.), vein

;

see jini.

mLajingini, pillow; seejingina.

majiya, cf.

pi.

majiyata, nurse

majinachi.

m.ajujawa, a

ened form of magaji, q.v.), one of the chief officers of

majusi,

another possible deis from maaje one. who stores (the king's goods)

;

man

jaiwa.

a king

hura

is sick,

jiyachi, one

(perhaps a short-

or

;

m.ajinachi, m.ajinyachi, m.aattendant on a sick

slinging (a stone).

is

in

moulds.

maji-kira, an attendant who

zache.

maizumba,

cf.

dye

red

made from the pounded wood of a tree and used in staining the

see mayesa.

maizache*,

raiajibari, a moth.

m.ajidi, a lodging house.

pi.

sling

;

see major-

majusawa

^yw^-w.^), heathen,

lit.

(Ar.

a ma-

:

rivation

see viaaji.

gian, sometimes pronounced maguji; cf. bamaguje.

makada*

(Ar. >bC«), being on

makadaichi the point

one who

(or,

on the point)

is

doing any-

of

only

he only

;

or

mukadaichi,

shi

;

makadaichi

lightning

office in

.

to be blind

ground

;

see niakaTnche,

;

makafchi*,

a

kafa to

cf.

the

of

tiller

Ijlind

man

kdfo, id.

cf.

;

makopchi,

;

tnakam/mai,

pi.

anyi masa makami he was wounded, ;

rebel

m.akankara, one

to rub out,

cf.

m.akankari, a mussel

a platform from guardians of crops

which drive

away

birds.

ness

;

cf

.

makafta.

mak3,ra, to be late in starting or doing anything D 23 ku her makara da salla leave off saying your prayers late maim^akdra one who is late,

from a corn stalk and used in thinning cotton with the

fronds in which

hakan

made

the

1.

royal officer

2.

;

title

of

a

the chief of

makaraa, that which is laid

lays hold

hold on, hence the

handle of anything =

kota.

makamche, makanche, makafche,

1.

to be blind

to ;

of

yi

palm

kola nuts

load of kolas.

m.akaranchi, fem. makaraachia, a scholar

the police. or

cf. 7ia

are packed for the march, a

shiha.

makama,

shell,

makanni,

makara, n. lateness, makdra I am late. makara, the basket

stick

;

kankara.

;

cf. {T)ga.-

gara.

makalechia, a thin

see kair

;

gara.

;

makam-

blindness.

makagar a, objection

dazzle*^

m.akanta, m.akamta, blind-

dig.

makafO; fem. makafua (S.), makaunia (K.), pi. makdji^ a makafta, makanta,

has

A 38, a knife used for erasing

another's absence.

makadi, a drumstick, a drummer cf niaikidi. makafche, to become blind, ;

wound

makangari, a

kadaichi.

c£.

makadashi, makadas, a regent or one who holds an

ta,

the

thine eyes.

m.akam.i,

thing.

makadaichi sole,

makari

250

become

2.

eyes, wolkia ta

blind,

to dazzle the

makamcheka

cf

;

karatu.

.

makaranta, school cf karatio. makarfo, makarufo, a tree ;

from

which

.

medicine

obtained (Dalbergia

is

sp.,

Le-

complainant;

cf.

guminosae).

makari, kdra.

a

;

nakari iiakari, end of anything, e.g. the end of a book kdt^a ),

down, laid down sabko, safko ;

or sapko to start, to set out

sabko

lafia

may you

finish

your journey well scd)ka and sapka are more commonly used in Daura, sauka and soka in Sokoto, and safka in Kano. sabko, safko, n. start, esp. used of an early start; yin

1.

a trust, yin sabtu to entrust,

e.g.

na

masa kurdi I money to him;

yi sabtu

entrusted the

!

sabko to start early. Bftbo, fem. sdbua, pi. sabui, sdR. H. D.

2.

a commission to purchase

or to give something.

sabua, a term used in chacha for cf.

money not yet staked sdha.

sabua, new, a feminine form of sabo^ q.v.

20

;

.

sabua

306

sabua, guinea-fowl, a feminine form of zabo, q.v. sabua, sabuwa, fighting. sabule, to draw out. sabunchi (K.), renewing; cf. sabuntaka

sabuni

sabulo (K.) (Ar.

(S.),

hunin

o-aTwi/), soap, sa-

solo a superior soap,

that imported

Nupe

the

via

country, used for wash-

ing the face.

sabunta, to renew,

sabuntaka

(S.),

cf.

sadaka, pi. saddku (from sa and daki), a female slave, a concubine.

alms,

e.g.

;

A 46

v.

to give'

wanan da

he

sadaka da baiwa maiyawa one of these gave alms and

showed much generosity kurdin sadaka the sum paid by a bridegroom to the

bow

sada-kai, to

sadaki, a

groom

see Sahara. steal

dan sadaka

hi

to escort a convict.

or lower the

head.

sabura, a place with no trees sache, to

daka a convict,

parents of the bride.

restore.

renewing;

sabunchi (K.).

sada

safara

sadaka, sadauka,

(S.).

^^jLtf, Gr.

e.g.

:

see safa.

gift

given by a bride-

to a bride.

sadare (Ar. jjw),

(Ar.), to close, to shut up,

an end to a quarrel between two men sdchc, 1 to put

founded,

sadauki,

A

8

to be con-

cf.

;

sandare.

invincible

warrior

;

to agree with a person

;

2.

to

meet on the road, to meet with, E 49 cMkin dadi mu sddu da larahawa with joy we shall meet with the Arabs. sddua, particip. form, cord

2.

;

1.

con-

meeting with. 6 ^

giving,

^

^j^^jk>>/, to

sadu, to arrive see sdda. sadua, conciliation see sdda. saduda, confidence, etc.; cf. ;

;

shaduda. sS,fa (S.), to cheat, defraud.

^

iijud), alms, alms-

A 83 sadaka da baiwa

safa, quilted mail

increase,

sS,fa*, to

followers.

safage*, one

(in

western districts of

Hausaland), a gaol

;

dan

sa-

worn on the

body.

du ya bai almajirai he gave all offerings and gifts to his

sadaka

be daunt-

safa*, spring onions.

s&daberu, magic.

sadaka (Ar.

(Ar.

arziki,

D 35

;

cf.

who

used with sufa.

scatters his

enemies in war. safara (S.), employment,

oc-

;;!

safe

307

cupation

yin safara to be

;

occupied,

prayer

is

said

line

2.

;

of

battle,

safe, safia (Ai

used as

sai

{safe is

^^^)

.

A

fern.,

11),

early

morning safe ya yi morning came; da safe in the morning; sanu da safe good morning sai da safe good night kowache safia every morning

sagagi, a small bird which runs

on the top of water vegetation (jacana?).

;

sagara, a young virgin, s&ge, to become

with

e.g.

stiff or

cramped,

cold.

!

sage, to catch or get caught in

safia is used adverbially in

falling (e.g.

B

tree).

103 en ka ga safia rana if thou beholdest the sun in the dawn ; sasafe very early in the morning. safe, 1. a long leathern boot reaching about ten inches up the leg;

a long leather

2.

sheath or bag. S&fi, a horse

;

3

safi,

sage*, to reproach

-

safe ( Ar. ^^^^), unalloyed,

see za^e.

;

sago, a medicine which

drunk

is

off the

sS.gO,

when

supposed to ward

blows of an enemy.

male white ant

;

see zdgo.

sago, a large black snake.

sahibi*

see safe.

in branch of a

(Ar.), friend,

sahur, suhur, safur*, a meal just before the morning dur-

pure, used of metals, e.g. of

ing fast month, Ar. j^a>w

silver.

cf.

S&fi, sSife, fem. safia, a

young

horse,

morning ; see safe. safirchi*, an oath, invocation of

God. n. starting

see sahko.

;

saftu, commission to purchase see sautu. S

sa,fu, saffii (Ar.

-

ous),

1.

a line

formed for prayer, yin saffu to form a line; F 92 atsaida saffu or

row,

'iss(dlas1ie

only, except, unless, but,

1.

e.g. sai

safia,

saf ko,

sai,

e.g.

as

a line

is

formed.

;

bude baki.

wanan only

this

;

2.

ka tsofi, B 115 (wait) until you grow old; cf. sai ambideka (wait) till you are sought for ; sai gobe until to-morrow ; 3. sai wota rana farewell till another day sai anjima good-bye for until, e.g. sai

!

the present;

3.

conjunctively,

dag a wanan sai wanan = both of them 4. quite, used with lafia, e.g. sai lafia quite e.g.

;

20—2

;

saida

308

well or hail

cf saida, saidai, .

!

saida, except;

of.

saida, to

see saya.

sell

saidaba*, to

;

saidai.

refuse,

may drink

water, so that I

to with-

it

;

1.

ruan

en sha I cool the hot;

zafi

2.

to dry,

hang up

to dry.

sainyato to put out to dry.

hold.

saidai, only, merely, though. saifa, sefa,

D

pi.

67

saifofi,

spleen

chiwon saifa a

swollen spleen.

saiko,

1.

nevertheless

A3

;

saiko ka die nevertheless thou

sayest;

2.

unless,

except;

A 49

saiko da tuba zayi sha alkauchara only b}^ repentance shall he drink of the water of heaven.

saiko, sticks used in a roof; (S.),

ness.

sanko

(K.),

bald-

Tnaisaiko or vnaisanko

a bald man. used

sailinun*,

sainyaye,

shainyaye,

sainyaya,

fem.

sainyayu, dried,

pi.

aired, also applied to a

man

with a withered arm. sainyaya, to calm, comfort, allah

shi

sainyaya

may God comfort

zuchia

you.

sainyi, sanyi, cold, dampness, a cold, cold in the head, e.g» sainyi ya

kamani

(lit.

a cold

has caught me) I have caught

chiwon sainyi, gonormetaph. coolness of mind, jin sainyi to be comforted, resigned, kafaye daukan sainyi you are very cool cold;

rhoea;

see tsaiko.

saiko

sainya, shainya, shanya, to cool, e.g. ina sainya

saiko.

see

saiyi

for

saanan,

sainya, securidaca longipedunculata, polygalaceae, a shrub with purple flowers. It has medicinal uses and in some districts is said to

(i.e.

impudent), comfort,

chia

then.

form an

sainyin zuconsolation^

sainyin jiki want of

zeal,

yaro maisainyin jiki a boy with no go in him» slackness,

sainyin hali coolheadedness,

judgment.

ingredient in arrow poison =

saishe, to

uwar magunguna

saisuwa, n. selling see saya. saiwa, saiwo, soiya*, a root. saiya, to buy see saya.

or

woma-

gunguna. sainya, sanya, a lengthened form of sa, q.v., to put, to

sell

;

see sayes. ;

;

saiyi,

pi.

place, to cause a thing to be

booth

done, to send a message.

night.

saiyoyi, a temporary

or

covering for the

;

sajada

309

sajada (Ar.

bowing so ground with

the forehead

;

D

34 yin

jada to do obeisance to rdka;

cf.

;

sa-

see

hair on

the

to flow

together,

inter-

mingle, join together. saji, Serjeant

(adopted from the

saka, to weave, net, make nets

masdka weaver, also used for a shuttle, sakake, fem. sasaka,

pi.

weaving,

sakar zdna plaiting

of mats.

saka, to avenge, retaliate on; cf. sdkamako. saka, s^ki, s^ke, to let go, give up, release, drop,

sdki

fuska to show an open, smiling face,

saka tuo to take

the food out of the cooking pot, to serve food.

v. n.

saka

ya sake saka faza he threw the hook again.

putting

;

sdki jikinka easy,

make

yourself

ya sdki alkaueli he

broke his promise,

sdke

is

sometimes used intransitively,

to be at peace,

sartii

akwia

ta

sdki the goat got loose.

akwana

go.

retaliation

return of kindness done

or see

;

sakache,

draw out;

to

cf.

sakafchi,

1.

forgetf ulness

;

2.

sS,kai, light,

not heavy.

i.e.

sakaina, the fragments of a broken pot. sakake, woven ; see saka. sakake, changed

;

see sake.

sakaku, woven. plaiting,

n.

netting,

him

let

n.

carelessness.

English).

kakia,

ya saushi he

saka-mako,

sakata.

cheeks, whiskers. saje,

a contracted form of sdka]

saka.

sujuda.

sajoji,

pi.

s3.ke

j^a>...>),

as to touch the

saje,

,

sdke

night at large,

spending the is perhaps

sau

sakankanche

(Ar.

o^)j

*o

trust in, to be quite sure of

anything ; cf. masakanche. sakankanchewa reality. sakaraftu,

n. trotting.

sakata, window, a word used in Zaria, etc. is

;

in

Kano

ta^a

used.

sakata, sakatta, sakache, to

draw or

pull out, sakatta

kori to pick the teeth

;

hor-

cf

kwakwalla.

sakatubu, a written charm the water with which it is washed off the writing board ;

is

drunk.

sakaye

or saye*, to hide. sakaza, drake; from sa bull and kaza fowl; cf. Eng. bullseal, bull- walrus, etc.

s&ke

(S.),

alike; see sakke.

;

.

sake

310

sake, saki, to change, to to do over again,

alter,

ka sake

taji

go again, ya sake yin chara he crowed again, ka sake tashi get up again ku sake !

another story (said by

tell

whom an

one to

impossible

story has been told),

gari

s3,laiiie

down,

loose-

11 bai sdko

ha it

sSiko, n. putting

D

ness;

puts s3.ko,

it

to

not fall,

down

sdka.

cf.

;

kamin rua ya

sdko before the rainfall.

sako, message, also a commission, to purchase or give cf.

saftu, sautu.

ya sake mini I don't recognise the town, sakiwa changing,

sako, a hiding place, a blocked

bi ku netna shini hakika da gaskia ku her sakiwa seek

softly,

T>

after true

and correct know-

ledge, leave off changing,

sa-

kake, fem. sakakia, pi. sakaku,

changed.

n.

go

;

see tseki.

of

a

sakot, light of weight. S^labi, saliva; yin salahi to slaver.

saki, coarse flour

cf.

bird.

sSilache, to

set free.

gently;

sakoikoiwa, the name

see sdka.

;

place.

lako lako.

freedom, yin sdki to

s§,ki, to let

sS.ki,

or narrow s&ko-sako,

jump; see tsdl ache.. saladaka*, to fall headlong. salaha (Ar.

^iJLw),

a gown.

saki, soki, soaki, greyish blue,

pepper-and-salt cloth

;

cf Gr.

mixed

salala, thin gruel {kunu)

.

chan fa funtu 1. 43, ya yi saki there the naked found fine cloth, danda sa-

with water.

p. 139,

ki a roan horse, striped,

saki-saki

fula saki black or

blue cap, rigan saki a tobe of a similar colour.

sakia, piercing,

by an arrow pierce

;

e.g. ;

of the skin,

yin sakia to

also used of probing

the skin with a hot needle.

sakiwa, changing, divorce

cf

peace,

salama chiefly

(Ar.

used

^S^), in

the

form of the salutation salam alaik peace be upon thee, to which the answer is alaikum salam upon you be peace.

salmawa

F 4 muna

greeting,

particip.

salmaiva

sS,lS,ina, n. price,

'

we

M. H,

greet.

p.

204,

suna salama alif alif they are selling it at a thousand apiece.

sake.

sakke

;

salam,

(S.), alike,

equally.

saiame

(Ar.

^^

ii),

to give

|

salanga

s^ma

311

up, to let go,

ya salame rainsa

he gave up his passive

spirit

the

;

often used in selling

is

you yours, na

service,

feast,

salla the great

feast

e.g.

hahhar

Mohammedan

sallan laya the feast

;

anything,

e.g. asalartieshi

corresponding to the Jewish

can take

it, it is

passover

salama I leave it, i.e. I will not buy on the terms offered.

salanga

(Zanf.), dung-hole; cf.

salashe*, sallashe*, to pray for a person or thing F 92 ;

atsaida saffu assallasheka a line is formed,

prayer

is

said

for thee.

salasuwa

(S.),

sale, soale

to peel

off,

Ar. rt

;

cf. tsali.

salgagi,

pi.

j^^JLo),

to blister as skin

when burnt saiga,

circumcision.

(cf.

cesspit,

1.

B 105 2. dung-hole, bay an gida is used similarly. ;

pi.

salihai (Ar. ^sJlo),

good, true, faithful, shi sashi salihi ha

may He make

it

e.g.

B8

mugu

yin salla

3.

lata,

ha

to

22 kuna azumi da

keep the fast and pray.

ranan

;

sallati,

id.

1.

scd-

prayer;

salutation, blessing, F 3 muna kuma yin sallati hisa Tnuhammad we further salute Mohammed, maisallati one who habitually prays, sallatu salutation, greeting, C 2.

cf 50 sallama, ;

.

sallashe.

a royal atten-

title of

dant.

sallama, trade agreement

;

see

salama. sallata, festival

sail, soali, n. blistering.

salihi*,

D

sallata festival

to circumcise.

(S.),

woman during men-

struation; pray, salla

saiga.

s^as^da

tana reshin salla

;

used of a

sallati, prayer

;

;

see salki.

see salla.

sallatu, salutation

salmanda*, mud. salmawa, greeting

see salla.

;

;

see salam.

good, not s3,lo, cf.

sahunin sdlo a superior

evil,

kind of soap.

saliki*, king, for sariki, q.v.

sSiina, pi.

salka,

pi.

salkuna (Ar.

p-Xl»),

samania, samomi (Ar.

a |lo-w), sky, heaven;

bag or bottle made of

maisama

A

skin.

salka, chains, prison ; see sarka.

a title given to God ; 2 da yerdan maisama with the

salla (Ar.

%^),

approval of

divine

worship

1.

prayer;

and

so,

2.

a

in heaven.

Him who

dwells

sama

312

sama*,

to befall a person

see

;

samu.

become

suma,

see zama.

;

zama

to be-

come, usually found in a

little, e.g.

re-

samma sam-

duplicated form

ban

ji ha sai

sama I heard only a little; cf. zama zama after some time. samachi, a tall plant with pink satna

flowers (Tephrosia elongata).

samagi*, a royal warrior. samako, n. an early start ; cf. prov. kowa ya yi samako yd futa da rana he who starts very early must rest at midday; kayan samako da mareche akandamreshi the load for an early morning start should be tied up over-night.

samame,

a slave-raiding ex-

pedition by foot-soldiers

;

if

horsemen were employed it for would be called hari ;

description

of

a slave-raid,

M. H. p. 195 same to catch. cf.

samame*,

cf.

M. H.

p.

227

;

sama heaven.

samari, youths; plural

sam.bache*, sandals

;

see sam-

bazai.

samibachi, to boast; zambachi a rogue.

7na-

cf.

sambani, trader, shopkeeper. sambazai, sandals with red leather tops, especially used

N. Africa, possibly from French savate. sam.beru, a tree, the leaves of which are poisonous to aniin

mals.

samche,

slipperiness

see

;

sam,tsi.

same,

to obtain

;

see samu.

sam.falwa, a blue cylindrical

bead

(?)

;

= Ar.

j-jA-o,

Eng.

sapphire,

sammu, sammo

(Ar.

^),

1.

a charm written with intent to injure

someone;

2.

poison

given in food.

sam.na*

down

zamna, to M. H. p. 209.

for

;

cf.

sit

sam.o, to find and bring; see

supreme, an epithet

applied to God, cf.

sqq.;

of oath

or divination.

possibly an ad-

verbial use of

ma

sS.m.ata, to poison.

samba*, a pagan form

sSjsaa, to s3.ina,

samrai

samu. samrai,

sarmayi,

saurayi, of sam-

pi.

samrayi,

samari, a youth

from fourteen to twentyyears

rai, q.v.

samasadowa,

white

cotton

brocade of various patterns.

of age

form

(cf.

is

Ar.

j-w«J),

the

pi.

used as a vocative

;;

;

when speaking to a boy whose name is not known,

sing,

e.g. yaka samari. samri, haste see sauri. ;

sajnro, mosquito

samsam

(Ar.

;

see sdbero.

sesame,

^»>.o,.j),

a herb from two to four feet high ; an oil is obtained from its seeds which is esp. valued by the Hausas on account of its

•

providing a medicine or

ointment for the eyes; cf. Pliny xxii. 25 'hoc (i.e sesama) amplius oculis imponitur decocta in vino.'

samtse, to samtsi,

santsi,

F

samche,

1.

Ao-

;

144 da

kaiji

is

kua

da samtsi duk za soka and its sharp edge and slipperiness 2. a slip shall pierce them ;

yin samtsi to

;

make a

slip

ya saw,eka take care that thou slip not kdda doki ya yi samche do not let

kdda

sam,tsi

;

the horse

samu,

n.

meet with and

to you? i.e. what is the matter with you 1 A 48 komi ya samasa whatever befalls him also na sami kasua I had no difficulty in selling

my wares,

found a market, sami is also used of pulling a person

lit.

I

out of a well; used

hainya is

obtained,

road.

Cf.

sam,i ddm,i

intr. thus,

samu the road

ta

i.e.

there

is

a

M. H. p. 204, annawa ? how many

bundles (have you) got? saform, B 156

samche the road

ta yi

slippery,

get, to find, to

hence to happen to, e.g. mi ya sameka what has happened

muwa participial

slip.

smoothness, slipperiness

inya

san

313

samri

slip.

obtaining, possessing,

B

yala ta samu ko ha ta samuwa ha whether it be obtained or cannot be obtained is

;

samu

often used as equivalent to

iya, e.g. ha ya samu ya shiga he could not enter; it also denotes spending time, e.g.

ya samu wata guda he spent one month; samu dama or

samu

rongom^i to get better

sam,u sauki to obtain help

samo to arise, spring, result from also trans, to find some:

106 na duha

thing at a distance or hard

dunia hal samunta I have considered the world and its

to come by, to achieve; ya samo suna he achieved a

possession,

reputation.

possessions.

samu, sami,

same

(bef.

sama, pron.

samo,

obj.),

to

san, used as a contraction of sanni to

know

;

san

314

san, to love

Sanaa

.

;

see

so.

(Ar.), occupation, trade.

sanada,

to trouble, molest.

sanadi, reason, cause

distress;

sananda, sananta,

to harass, trouble, cf.

;

cf.

sanas.

trouble.

sanas, to learn

see sdni,

;

sanasda, sannasda, sanarda, sannarda, sannashe (bef. pron.

obj.),

inform,

to

e.g. of leather, etc.

picking, pretence, malinger-

ac-

;

see

sam-

maisane crafty

excuse

;

prov.

tsofon

;

sanfo, samfo,

hazai.

slipperiness

f

san una a basket with handles

large

pi.

^

one made of kahoj leaves.

sangache, reaped corn in bundles

sanche, samche,

cf

;

doki maisane.

yan sane pick-pockets. sanfalwa, a bead see samfahva^

esp.

quaint.

sanbazai, sandals

ya yi sane he made

ing;

sananta.

to inform

^

J

sane, suane, stealing, pocket-

ju*j, support, authority).

sananche,

sandua, sanda, to creep or walk as on tiptoe silently. sanduki, pi. sandukai (Ar. O3JLL0), box, drawer. It denotes usually a small box,

Ar.

(cf.

sani

G

sanadi, vexation, trouble, sanadi, a poisonous snake.

. :

tied

up

see sankaclie.

;

sangarnia*, ears of corn

see

;

zangarnia.

see samtsL

san da,

pi. sanduna, stick, staff; then fig. blow, stripe, D 44 su kan ribi sanduna maimai

kaman duatsu they pile up many in number as

blows

sangaya, a rough grass sango,

iron-tipped

fired

from a gun.

sS,ni

to

(cf.

iw,

Ar.

know

;

shelter.

harpoon

knowledge)^

the final

i

is

fre-

sometimes used as a measure of length, i.e. about a yard ; dan sanda a

quently omitted, e.g. allak ya san kortii God knows every-

native policeman.

before pron. suffixes,

stones

:

it is

sanda*, to teach see sanasda. sanda, n. stealthy walk as of a thief, ya yi sanda he went by stealth cf. sandua. sandalu, d,\f\\\i^hanunriia nut. sandare, to feel cold, be stiff. ;

;

thing

;

this

is

regularly so e.g.

ban

know it, known da

sanshi ba I did not

ansanshi

it

na

remorse, allah

sani''

is

;

'

ya

tsaremu da aikin ^danasanV

may God keep which

will

us from acts

bring rfemorse

s^i

pass. part, sananej fern, san-

anya,

pi.

known

sananu,

;

ba

tasanuwait cannot be known. Another form of this word is shina, e.g.

na shina=na sdni;

sansaitche to understand well;

sanas to learn

;

sanasda to

teach. sftni,

sanu

315

shini, shina, n. know-

D

ledge,

54 ku nema sMni

kakika da gaskia seek after true and correct knowledge. sania, saniya, cow

;

cf sa bull. .

ka

talkativeness,

saniya*,

chika saniya you are talking

sansambi, a meal for a groom and his friends.

sansS.ini, stereospermum kun-

thianum, Bignoniaceae, a tree with pink flowers, also called jiri^ q.v.

sansami, leaves. sansamtsa*, smoothly, an

in-

tensive form of samtsi.

sansana*, dried wood or leaves, M. H. p. 184. sansana, to smell; see sunsuna.

sansanche, well

cf

;

.

sansani,

too much.

bride-

understand

to sdni.

1.

camp,

circular

sanji, a heavy load,

entrenchment, sometimes ap-

sankache, sangache, reaped

plied

corn, corn laid in

rows before

the head is cut off. sankara, an insect found in to stiffen, used

tr. v.

sanko, baldness on the top of the forehead

;

ment, esp. applied to a war

sansanya,

(K.), a kind of fish-

for

making arrows.

bling of a horse.

sanshera,

sankurmi, the sarikin kasua or officer of the market, whose it

offenders

is

to lay

and to

hands on

settle trade

disputes in the market;

cf.

hakurme.

sansama, a mixture aud sour milk.

cold.

sansarifa, sasarifa, the stum-

see saiko.

trap.

right

;

40,

sansari, santali, a cane used

of cold or sickness.

sankuja

saninku

cf. Gr. an army sunka kore san2. camp, encamp;

1.

camp.

kola nuts.

sankare,

to

p. 139,

of

fura

rice

before

it

ia

beaten.

sanso, remains of food, a dirty calabash. santsi, smoothness

;

e.g. in

see samtsi,

sanu, 1. slowly, gently; sanu sanu very slowly or very quietly;

Hausa proverb

tafi

sanu ko hainya da nesa go

;

sanya '

316

way be

slowly though the

long;

sanu

2.

most

is

fre-

sanyi,

n. cold

sapka, to

see sainyi.

;

down

let

see sabka.

;

quently used in salutations =

sara, a saying, song, proverb,

It is often repeated a

akadauki sara a saying was made, i.e. it became a proverb, halinta ya zama sara her character became a byword also used of the drumming and singing at a king's

hail

!

dozen or more times in order to add emphasis to the greeting.

meaning

Its

varies

according to the word with

sanu da rana good morning, sanu da dere good night, sanu da aiki may you be happy over your work, sanu da gajia (lit. v/hich it

is

used, e.g.

greetings to weariness)

may

you not be

If

overtired.

a

man

meets another when it is raining he will say sanu da rua welcome to you amidst the rain

!

sanu da kewa

greet-

ings to you in your loneliness,

sanu kadai greetings (used

only

in

to

you

response

to

another greeting), sanu da

kwana

biu a greeting after a

prolonged absence ings for

.

s3.rai

two

(lit.

greet-

sanu

days),

is

;

gate.

sara,

a

n.

ground,

hole

e.g.

cut

a dig of a hoe for purpose of

sowing seed, the hole of a yin sara to cut crops,

snake, to reap

magirhin sdran ya-

;

kua the yakua.

cutting off branches.

sara, to sting, wound, bite, esp.

used of reptiles sara,

to

cut

;

sarra,

loin.

saraba*, a

gift

sS,ra,

;

;

sari.

see

;

given

to

a

superior to conciliate him.

sS.rafi, sarrafi, n.

!

.

sdre.

pronouns, sanuku or sanunku

;

cf

pieces

in

sarafa* (Ar.

sanunki hail lady sanya, to dry see sainya. sanya, to place see sainya. sanya, a shrub see sainya.

reaping

for

sickle

sdran hisa lopping,

sometimes used as an expression of sympathy = I hope that you are not hurt. It is joined on to the 2nd personal greetings to you, sanuki or

the

in

one made with

o»j-rf), to

rain for

a long time.

sarrafa,

sS,rafa,

to

barter

goods.

exchanging

or bartering goods. sS,rai,

exact

1. ;

clear, 2.

clean;

then,

clearly, carefully

kilga sarai to count correctly,

B

28 duha sarai sarai look

;;

sarakua

317

na

carefully,

ji sarai I quite

understand. cf. sicrki

;

father-in-law.

saranwaga, a second

quality

where both and small are included marsa and minu. kola nuts,

of

large cf

.

sarare, cut

;

sS.rari

Ar.

(cf.

tj-a^-o), 1.

open

meadow without

B 76 wa ya yi tasu nan sararin sudan what was like

;

unto

it

in the regions of

A

the Sudan?

place where

people assemble

;

fUo

sarari

come out into the open, i.e. show yourself; 2. space, room daki nan yaji wanan da sarari this room is larger ;

maisarari spa-

than that. cious;

gari ya

sky

clear

is

cf

;

sarari

the

gaH

yai

.

shirin sarari the sky looks like clearing, 3.

chance,

sion of a kingdom or to become a king kurdin sarauta. fees paid by Hausas on ad-

mission to native

saraya, a

fall

asarari openly.

opportunity,

ba

ni da sararin zua I have

fall.

maisara,

pi.

sarasara, yin sarasara to

let

in light, lighten.

sarauta,

wife

of

a

sarkanya.

sarota,

kingdom

chin sarauta to gain posses-

masusara,

ac-

sari,

sara,

down

(da takohi) with a

sare,

cut

sword

;

to

to

cut,

used of cutting

down

wood or trees cf. prov. mugun gatarinka ya fi sari ka ;

is your own, be bad, will cut

ha ni a tool that

even

if

it

better than a borrowed one

;

sarare^ fem. sararia, pi. sararu, cut; intens. form sasare. sarewa, a kind of wind-instru-

ment, a sS,ri,

flute,

or reed pipe.

a small beetle which de-

stroys skins and eats grain.

man who

sari, maisari a

sells

a thing a second time at a

sari, n. bite,

queen,

to accuse,

cuser, informer.

an opportunity.

cf.

zara*

sare, sara,

sari, a

king;

offices.

yin saraya — to

sarbe, to pick up, catch.

not had a chance to come, idan na samu sarari if I get

saraunia,

;

to report or inform against

see sdre.

space, plain, trees

sari

;

sarakua, saruka, mother-inlaw

;

profit.

of

bay or dun horse. sarim machiji bite snake; cf. M. H. p. 185.

sari-kutub, a small, tree-dwelling, nocturnal, poisonous lizard,

like

damatsiri

but

black instead of striped yel-

low and black.

Sana

318

two an inch

saria, a head shaven in

longitudinal

lines,

wide from front to

each

rear,

side of the crown.

sariki*, to seize;

sarrafa

cf.

sarkafe.

bag, carried on the back.

sarga, dung-hole, for saiga, q.v. sargafe, to hang up, e.g. on a stick or forked tree

;

cf

.

sar-

work

special

;

B 3 jabaru wahidi sarki allah God

the

king

sarita, a small leather or grass

any

sides over

mi

;

is

the

one title

powerful

all

sarkin niusul-

applied to the sultan

sudan

of Sokoto, sarkin

(lit.

king of the Sudan) to the king of Birnin Gwari, sarkin dunia is used in N. Africa for

the sultan

Turkey,

of

sarkin dawaki master of the

kafe.

sarka, salka, surka, sirka,

pi.

sarkuna, sarkoki (Ar. 4ijL;), chain,

imprisonment,

irons,

prison

;

dan sarka

prisoner,

gidan sarka a prison. sarkafe,

twine

bind,

to

tie,

inter-

sarkafewa binding. sarkakia, a thorny bush, thick-

kirma a leader sarkin kasua

horse, sarkin of

infantry,

president of the market, sarkin kqfa door-keeper, sarkin rua ferryman, sarkin wuta cook. lepers,

In Kano the beggars,

blind,

each

etc.

:

have their king (sarki)

;

the

from

expression ba-sarakin sariki

sarkanya, queen, usually applied to a queen who reigns

or counsellors of the king's

et,

probably derived

is

sarke to entangle.

in her

own

right; ct saraunia

the wife of a king. sarke, to become entangled, applied to string in a knot, or to trees in a forest; sarka chain. sarki,

sariki,

sarakai,

pi.

cf.

sarakuna,

sardki, king, chief.

In Hausaland every town and village has its king. The title sarki is

given not only

many of their anyone who pre-

to these but to

sons and to

used to denote the

court, pi.

sarki

officers

sarakunan

maichi

the

sariki.

reigning

king, Jitachen sarki the de-

posed king,

sardki

is

some-

times used as a sing, word

=

prince, shi sardki ne.

sarmadawa,

large

common

cowry shell. sarmayi, a youth see samrai. sarota, kingdom; see sarauta. sarr, used of smooth or quick ;

motion, e.g.jirigiya

the canoe

taji

sarr

slid along.

sarrafa, to barter

;

see sdrafa.

sarsari, manacles

see sasdri.

;

sartse, a splinter,

skin

in the

e.g.

see Jida-sartse.

;

saruka, mother-in-law

fool

Gr.

cf.

;

p.

137,

sassa,

direction,

nan da

this side

and

side,

on

sassa chan

that, sassa fudu

sasabda, sasafta, sasapta, to to clear

fore ploughing

;

ground

be-

to cut

up

2.

into small pieces

.

see safe.

penter,

masaka a carpenter's

shop.

sasakan

the

itache

stripped bark of a tree. S^

F

(cf.

186 asa masu sasari na

leg-irons

of

and

fetters

are to be

fire

placed on them.

sasasara, a basket used for catching fish

sasayi,

= te«^sara,

p.

203

;

see say a.

q.v.

seseyi,

saisaiyi,

make a purchase

you (from

or

duka

the

stolen

stealing

of

sachi jiki to go off

goods,

stealth,

sato to steal

bring home,

and

sachdche, fem.

sashdchia, stolen. SO,

prefixed to cardinal

numerals to

form numeral

sau daia once, sau biu twice, sau fudu four times, sau tare often. e.g.

sau*, to leave or quit, used of a path, e.g. sau hainya to leave the track, A. 19 sun sau tafarki they left the right path ; cf sdka. sau, sauwaiwai, pi. sauwuna, .

Ar. ilUJLw), chains;

wuta da malwa

sache, sachi, to

will part

adverbs,

sasago*, a saw. sftsaka, sassaka, to smooth or prepare wood, masasaki car-

cf.

B 58 \

tafa

;

it is boiling.

it is

i.e.

edible

tadilisi (Ar.), the concealment

tr.

zuchiata ta tafasa boils,

converse.

tafa,

medicint

ya tafasa the water

tafashe

see ta^adi.

tadi, conversation

f.

atafasashi

Ar. ^ji),

(?)

bluntness of a knife. ;

seed

sashin rua boiled water, fasashe, sashii,

taderishi

the

;

preventive

a

adawa.

to

tora

kaskaijl are use

tade, to trip a person up.

tadowa,

(Cassia

tS,fesa

tS,fS,sa,

against cuts and scratches.

kwororo.

tadi, loss

foi

a smaller or less defined patl

Leguminosae), a shrub wit!

root ha.

rua

tafe

There is obtainec food). from it a vegetable poisor which is used for smearin* arrows cf deji. ;

.

tafasua, needle

;

see tamfasua,

tafe, to be without

;

see tdhe.

tafe, pi. ^

wearei

grows up. tagumi, n. leaning the heni on the hand in token of dis tahalita* (Zanf.), to

create

see halita.

taho*, tai,

come;

to

C

tafo,

a form

ot

18.

an abbreviated form

tasa his

cf

;

.

use of nai

t

(

f

nasa.

make an

taia, to

gaining

offer in bai

anything

for

cf

;

taya.

taiba, fatness taiki,

tagomashi*,

rings,

when the

tress,

Sokoto),

(in

taguoyi (in Kano),

made

shirt

through metal discarded

white

a

taimakc

;

pi. taika,

n. love.

da taiha

fat.

tayuka, taikuu

,

" ^' i

tagua, a shirt

;

[cf.

see tdgo.

tagua, pi. taguai, taguwoyi, 1. female camel ; 2. the constellation

the camel which

of

the beginning of the

rises at

taguan hindiga

dry season,

;

see tugua.

tugula,

tagulai,

girdle

tagura,

bracelet;

1.

made

of copper

pi.

2. ;

3.

a

a

charm against sickness and death worn by yan wahi and consisting

of

a continuous

string

worn round the neck

and

waist

which

a bundle

;

a skin ofj

pro v. en

cf.

kana awo auna ga maitaiki if you want to measure oui anything, go to the

i.e.

if

man

\

wl

you want anything, |

ask the owner for

tagiii, pi. taguaye, twins.

tagula,

fill

a large bag made

bag], skin,

IV, to

has the bag and measurt

a double-barrelled gun.

tagua*, heavy rain

Ar. ^a'S

passes

it,

do nor

ask his servant.

taimaka, taimaki, taimake to help

taimako,

;

see taimako. help, assistance,

A

i'

ka yi taimako gareni do thou taimakawa help, help me. assistance

;

F 79 masowa did

enna maitaimakawaoi all wlu

>

'

;

taimama love thee

where

one that

is

(cf.

Ar. ^»j

monial ablutions

v), cere-

made with

A

54 wanayi da kan sand rika taimama kam babu huja the

man who performed

his

ablutions with sand though there was no reason for his

doing

was

so

(i.e.

when water

1. 32; suyi taused with wache =

Gr. p.

kamu

can help ?

taimama ;

takaichi

351

kwana taka,

138,

;

da.

take,

taki,

to

tread,

trample upon, to mount up,

put one's foot on, to hold foot, ya take gafia he put his foot on the rat. taka sheria to break the law, taka addini to violate to

down under

mai-

the rules of religion,

available).

tainya, tainye, tainyo and tainyona, secondary forms of lay a to help, q.v. taitai, pi. taitaye, a plate made

taki one

who

mataki

steps,

takin biri like

treads out corn.

taiyo, ahokin taiyo a friend to see taya. help, M. H. p. 226 tajawankai, light kind of sandals, more highly decorated

who

steps

a monkey, used of a horse

that walks with

of plaited grass.

mai-

ladder,

one

lit.

pasterns

its

touching the ground

cf. ta-

;

taka.

;

than sambazai, q.v. tajini, a large drum such as

would be used by a king.

n.,

1.

taking off gar-

ments as a sign

of

grief

mourning, lamentation, of

women

;

2.

esp.

widow dur-

a

ing her time of retreat.

takabodo, a white bird with reddish feet, somewhat re-

tajirchi, wealth. fem. tdjira (Ar. jj^-U),

tajiri,

t3.kaba,

merchant, trader, a rich man.

sembling a dotterel.

game

takai, a kind of fencing

tajirta, to be rich.

played with short sticks, the

taka, separable possessive pron. 2nd pers. sing, 'thy,' used

players go round in a circle,

when

possessor

masc. and

is

object possessed

is

fem.

;

cf.

and taki. to measure lengths with

7taka t3.ka,

the hand.

taka,

n.

trampling

if

takaichi, hatred, anger,

;

cf.

they

irrita-

annoyance ina jin takaichi I am angry with. tion,

debe takaichin

down

women

the players be

clap their hands.

someone back

;

wane in

to

his

pay

own

coin,

take

to

lit.

annoyance

out the

of anyone.

takake, fem.

takaka,

reaped

is

ta-

pi.

form from trodden down, mashed. particip.

takala, the round pole of the

is

before

the

planted,

ta-

kandar nama the saddle meat,

to anger.

take,

and

guinea-corn

takaita, to be angry, to excite

kaku,

takawa

352

takaita

supposed

the sweetest meat.

takandar giwa,

a tree with

fragrant blossoms and black

= gwafsa.

plum-like fruit,

loom on which the woven It is recloth is wound.

takanta, to manure

volved by a handle (matuki)

takarda,

end of it, and by two peg ropes

fixed into one

secured

(ja-haya) one on either side of the weaver.

takalmi,

pi.

ders, in

shoe,

takalitia^

of persons,

tra-

i.e.

a caravan, the sandal

tabeing typical of trader, kaVmi divhu ya yaniu a thousand traders were collected.

takama,

n.

takar*

cf

;

tdki.

.

(K.), indeed, certainly.

pi. takardu, sometimes used as masc, Kanuri

tayarda

Gk.

(cf.

(?)

x^P^^^)'

Ar.

^^lfc>Ji,

paper,

letter,

book, anything with writing

sandal, used to express the

number

of

contain

to

a proud walk, also

the amble of a horse,

doki

F

on, e.g.

140 ajefo har

kardun aiku iiamu we

ta-

shall

be placed according to the lists of our deeds. takarkari, pi. takarkarai, an ox used for carrying loads.

takama,

a kind of hard potash.

takarra, competition, over- bidding.

maitakaTna a horse which has

takarshe,

been taught to amble cf maitakama one who walks proudly, ya7ia takama he swaggers.

takas [cf. Ar. j^,-»a»j and j^^i.^, which have been variously

;

akan above. takanda, takanta, Sorghum

takan, a form

of

saccharatum, sugar-cane

;

rike (Ar. 5 jL^i, English

can-

dy

*) ;

'

cf.

with Hausa prefix ta

as in takarda.

guinea-corn

in

last

;

see karshe,

.

interpreted dolphin, sea-cow,

hyena and badger, Lat. taxo (Augustine),

It.

taxus, tasso,

Germ. Dachs], badger. takasara. grass covering appendage worn by certain pagan

It resembles

tribes.

appearance

takawa,

steps

;

cf.

tdka.

;;

;;

353

take take, to tread

take

(ikayi

maaa

fada they are

see tdka.

;

outright;

killing

(K.),

take he

was

killed

taki, separable possessive pron. pers.

when

possessor

dung

and

takruriy takrur*, Hausaland negro, Sudanese tukruru, Hausa. taku, separable possessive pron. 2nd pers. pi. 'your,' used

object

yin taki or takanta

;

to manure.

taki,

pi.

taki-taki,

tdke-tdke^

a

pace,

C

1

length,

tendency dunia the ;

a

measure

foot regarded as a of

course,

taki-takin

7

course

of

this

world. taki, to tread feet

taki,

;

pi.

down with the

see tdka. takoki,

back.

thine, used

sing.,

taka and naki.

cf.

for fighting.

t3.kos, seven

possessed are both feminine

taki,

as swords to

the believers, a preparation

takoko, an old man with bent

outright.

2nd

td,la

an insect like

a locust, with long

legs.

;

see tokos. ;

when the feminine

object possessed

is

naku.

cf.

;

of takobi, sword, q.v.

takuba, pi.

takumkumi,

a muzzle for a

goat or a donkey; see kukumi.

takura, takure, to fold, crease, double up maitakura fuska a man who frowns, takure is used as intrans. v. to be curled up in a heap, used of a man or a snake dari ya takuraka zmcri daia the cold makes you sit crouched up, ;

;

taki, teki, a span, the distance

from the tip of the thumb to the end of the middle finger see

tdkcc.

takichi, a fee paid for bringing

a present

;

see tukuichi.

takidi (Ar. j^t, confirmed, strengthened), repetition, the

doing over again of something already done, takobi, takwobi,

pi.

takuha,

used of clothes, to shrink anatakura he is bowed •

pass,

down. takurua, a

species

palm

of

see tukurua.

takwoshi, lameness

;

koshi.

taia, talla

(cf.

press

for

to

see tar-

^

iv,

payment),

n.

Ar. rt

sword, cutlass, zare takobi to

haggling, exposing for sale,

draw a sword C 38 su ne takuhan mumini na shirin

cf.

;

R. H. D.

crying wares in the street

M. H.

p.

223, shina talla

23

;;

hmva he exposed a slave for sale, also talla da to expose for sale

see tdlata.

;

tallaba,

tS,laba,

to

cf

.

support

tdlahe.

person or thing, to prevent falling.

bring

upachildor animal the parent

which

is

dead, to feed, to

liand over the care of anyone to another. talafi, tallafi, n. 1. step-parent; 2.

the over-sight or care of

anyone. while cooking

;

talaka (Kanuri

cf. taiga.

a poor person, a dependent

tolotolo,

talotalo,

onomatopoeic

Ar.

talatin*,

thirty.

talauchi, ness

talala, talaala, tying with a

ya yi masu tahe watched them from a

long tether

;

^^''^•

o^*^'

;

poverty, humble-

n.

C

53

dau

?/a

talauchi

ya fiya masa dukia he took upon himself poverty, it was better to him than wealth; matalauchi,

who

is

pi.

matalauta one

very poor. ;

see

tal-

auchi, talaka.

drum made

of a

gourd.

up or mix in hot

taiga, to stir water.

of

saddle em-

broidered in gold or

talaki*, indigo,

cf

;

agwaywa.

talha, a kind

person,

silver,

brought from the north. talhatina, pi. talhatinu, a stone pendant worn by women, a brooch of agate.

distance.

talalabia, slipperiness laldbia to

;

yin

talia*,

1.

flour mixed with water:

ta-

in N. African macaroni;

2.

a

slip.

(Ar.

meal prepared for a bride,^,JIJ*I,

whence Germ. Atlass), ja talashi red satin. tSilata, tallata, to of,

frequently

for three thousand.

tale, a small

talaga), poor,

maitalaka a poor or humble

talashi*

the numeral

is

talauta, to be poor

talagi, to stir about in the pot

lala

talata

;

talatalu,

num.

tSilafa, tallafa, tolafa, to

of

three

turkey,

tS,labe, tallabe, to support a

from

^^),

talata ( Ar.

used, esp. in counting cowries,

anything with the hand spread ;

talibambam

354

tdilaba

out

.

satin,

satin

ask the price

haggle, cry wares, babble.

groom and

his friends.

talibambam, with large across

it

;

1.

a small

2.

frog,

and two line> fish with belly

belly,

like that of this frog.

;; ;

talikai* (Ar.

.

things

animate and inani-

F

mate,

talili,

oi^JLa^.!? ii),

137.

cf.

;

halita*.

cf.

see tdla.

;

see tdlaha.

;

smearing arrows ; cf. defi. talotalo, turkey see talatalu. ;

.

106

p.

tamaha

;

yin tamaha to

72, prepara-

tatali, id.

maha

sometimes used as

is

a verb,

talolo (K.), penis. talonia, talaunia, the name of a vegetable poison used for

B

Gr.

think, imagine, hope, expect

tallaba, to support anything in

cf

ex-

it is

hinders the

of (his hope for) tithe corn

talla, n. haggling

the open hand

tamaha

malam noma

mallam from farming because

talji* (Ar. *-JJ), snow.

;

prov.

cf.

;

ta liana

pectation that

talita*, to create

taltali* (Ar.),

wada

sabhoda hatsiii zdka

an amulet.

tally o, step-child.

tion

pectation), hope, expectation,

thought

fc created,

"

tambaba

355

talikai

e.g.

ahind.a ha

ator-

the unexpected.

tamalaulo, a sword with only one cutting edge cf. tam^. a disease of horses ;

tamamana, and dogs.

tSiinani (Ar.

jj>o^), price,

value;

tdmaninsa its price is. .; tdmani is actual price paid, kima .

tain or taman-taman, taut, tight.

tS-ma, hold bite,

tamma of, strike,

to

is

(S.),

to

take

of a snake to

owe, to lay hands

price as valued,

tamania, tamania,

Ar., eight thousand, n. defiance,

pride

;

cf.

tama.

on.

tamanin, Ar. tdjna 2.

lis,

the ore of iron;

1.

3. a sword rough workmanship kdshin-tdma and mata-

iron smelting

;

tama*, pride cf tamania. ta-mache, adj. female;

(used in colloquial

Arabic and in Asben), girdle Gr.

p.

138,

1.

tamaya, tamaye, sist cf.

;

cf

tamayi,

viache.

tamagi, a rope made (cf.

^^^^•

26.

to help, as-

.

;

covet,

tamantaka cf.

inachi.

tamaha

o^s^^-^^j

eighty.

;

of cheap cf.

num.

(?)

Ar.

and Kauuri

of rdma.

jO*,

to

tartia ex-

.

taya.

help, assistance.

tamba, a dark red species of rice, when mixed with mddi it is

used as a drink. doubt, uncertainty

tambaba,

23—2

;

tambaia

;

yin tamhaba to be in doubt or uncertainty, habu tamhaba there is no doubt.

tambaia,

to ask

tambari,

pi.

;

see tamhaya.

tambura (cf j^Jj, used in Barbary for drum, and which comes through the .

Spanish tambor), 1. a kind drum, the bottom of which

of is

tamu

356

pointed, often carried on a

tamifasua, tafasua, tanfasua, needle, used in Katsena for alura.

tam.ga, a sword

see tagomas.

;

tamgaram, tangaram, a glass any small white

dish,

vessel.

tamka, tanka, tamkar, tamkan, tamkat, like; wanan shine tamkat like that;

=

wonchan

this is

usually followed

camel, sometimes in pairs, in

by

front of a royal procession;

tamkarda su che just as they said cf kamada.

2. part of the embroidery on atobe; maitambari drummer.

tambaya, tambaia,

1.

ques-

tion, enquiry; F 146 /« su duka tambaya bambam ga kowa and the questions asked

at each are

all different yin tambaya to ask, A 27 ta yi tambaya let her ask; cf. M. H. p. 200, suka kawo goro na tambaya they brought kola ;

nuts as a greeting of enquir}'

na zo tambayarka 7ie I have come to ask you a question. tambaya, tambaye, v., 1. to question a person

;

ya tamhim

bayeshi he enquired of 2.

to enquire concerning any-

ya tamhaya abu he

thing;

asked about a matter; maitambayawa one who asks,

F 2.

like to or like

1.

a scar of a

a ruin;

cf. tabo.

wound;

as;

.

;

tamka, to converse see tanka. tamka, red pepper see tankwa. tammat*, Ar. id., lit. it is ;

;

finished

it is often placed at the end of compositions, C 55, ;

G7. tam.na, tam.na,

n.

chewing.

mutane suna tamna goro the people chew the kola nut 2. tamna hakori to gnash the teeth 3. 1.

to chew, e.g.

;

;

to hurt; tafmnane^ fem. tam-

nana^ cf.

pi.

tam,nanu, chewed

tona, tauna.

tam.ogashi, a sword; see

/"

gom^as.

tamraro, tauraro,

T^\.tamrdr>'.

taurdrai, star ; zuba tam,rarai to divine, act as

tamu,

when the fem.

an

separable

pron. 1st pers.

19.

tambo,

c?«

;

cf.

astrologer.

possessive

pi. 'our,'

used

object possessed

use of namu.

is

tana

tanka

357

tana, pers. pron. 3rd pers. fern, pies, tense; cf. shina (masc).

tanfasua,

an earth-worm.

tangadi*

tana,

pi.

tanadi

tanu,

(S.), foresight, prepara-

a small bag

(K.),

tanchia, the name of a tree (like a lime tree), women make masabi for cotton with it.

tanda, to lick the fingers; part. tandewa, tundewa licking.

tandem

(S.),

tandodi, a

bread

in,

(K.), pi.

cooking

for

pit

oven, large earthen

pot used as an oven. tandabara, pigeon see ;

tanta-

hara.

tandara, a large spotted snake.

tandawara, a small

goat-skin

bag used for holding water, etc.;

cf.

tanderu (K.), oven; see tanda. tandewa, licking see tanda. ;

tandu, Kanuri

sun

alike.

da ni

id.,

against a tree

1.

a vessel

tangara*,

;

— na

— ya

tanfari kasa che ka

kai gini

it is

you desire

A

76

kana

so

like,

like earth

to build.

when

tangara

;

tangaran,

clear; see tangarai.

see tangam.

;

tangori, a large wooden pin used in winding the thread on the wooden cylinder {kwar-

is

is ;

then fixed

the operation

called taria.

of

the horizontal ties

roof,

binding the slop-

grass

ing

che.

tanfari, tamfari*,

7ia

ji wohala.

tangarai, tangaran, bright, clear, sound tangarai ke nan the sky is unclouded. tangaram, a glass dish ; see tamgaram.

tanka, tcine

dangana^

Kanuri tungur,

cf.

in the shuttle

necked leather bottle. tS.ne*, to say, speak, ya

cf.

;

to feel trouble,

a small skin bottle for holding antimony 2. a narrow-

tandun

;

ahoki

id.

kwaro) which

of skin

tangam da alike,

and I, we agree exactly. tangana*, to lean against, ya tangana ga itache he leaned

tozali

made

level, equal,

yi

mu ne ta7igas my friend

tangas, alike

tanda.

tam-

(K.), stumbling; yin

juna they are

leather.

see

tangadi to stumble.

tangam, tangas,

tion.

tS-nawara made of

tanda

needle;

fasua.

rafters

;

karan

tanka

the cross pieces tied to the sloping

sticks

the

grass

rest

upon

;

(tsaiko),

for

of

the

cf.

under jinka,

roof

to

;

tanka

and

dirka

tsaiko^

mafiadi,

yanta^ to converse,

1.

tankaiva conversa-

to reply,

2. to talk much, D 87 idan ka tanka if thou talkest much, tankiyo^ tenkia much ;

to bind

tight,

to tie or stretch, e.g. a

bow-

string.

shake;

1.

2.

winnow, to to knock down, to

to overturn.

winnowing; yin winnow, pass to

tankade,

n.

tankade through a sieve. tankare, to prop, support. tankari, prop, support, tent-pole

e.g.

sariki shi ne tan-

;

;

obtaining your wish; ha shi

tankosawa

cannot be bent

it

see seq. intr. to turn, tp re-

bound, used of a spear thrown back ; see tankosa^ also lanko-

tai).kawa,

;

tankura, crouch down, cf.

conversation

;

see

tanke, to bind see tanka. tankerike, tankarki, a kind of hawk. ;

tankiya, much talking, quar-

tatasai and tsidifi. tankwasa, to bend;

bo}^

the third or fourth

child of his mother, the pre-

compel,

see

fo,.'

tankwasa,

humility,

maitan-

kwasa a humble person

see

;

tankosa.

tandabara,

pi.

tantabararu),

hasbia;

young

1.

2.

atamepigeon,

used

tig.

of a

girl.

tantakoshi, marrow bone. tantala da gudu to run very hard.

tantala,

tantama, doubt, uncertainty,

see tanka.

tanko*, a name given to a

tankwasa,

;

tankwa, twankua, a red pepper of medium size between

cf.

vious children being

16

tantaharu, tandaharu (Fulali

see tamka.

tanka.

relling;

D

takura,

tantabara,

ports the world.

tankat, like

bend,

I cannot bend it na tankosa zuchianka I prevent you from

kosa.

karin dunia the king sup-

tankosa,

na iya ha

my finger is stiif,

she.

tankada,

is

ta gage ba

tankoshe,

talking, quarrelling.

tanka, tanke,

who

yasana

en tankosata

tanka, tamka, tion

tantana

358

all girls. 1.

hinder,

to e.g.

prob. an intensive form from

yin tantama to be

tamaha. in doubt.

tantana,

n.

outspread

tantana,

v.

squatting legs.

to spread out.

witli

;

tanura, a small bag for carrying provisions for a journey cf.

;

to

tarda

to help,

a

assis-

a small

plant like an

edible

onion

used as a medicine for colds, also for snake bites garlic. :

tapki, pool

see tabki,

;

lint

(S.),

ings

and go

to her husband's

tararu, collected together.

taruwa meeting,

made from

as

tara to

of

intr.

tatara^ q.v.,

tdru

used be as-

is

sembled, gathered together,

n. softness

;

num.

card.

see tafshi.

f.

the

nine,

corresponding ordinal nata7'a,

tarare^ fem. tararia,

pleted, pi.

tcire^

the marriage was com-

i.e.

to pile up, etc.

cotton.

tapshi^

a

tare (used without obj.) of

house, akaclaura au7'e ta

tance.

tapamua, tafamua,

see

with.

lie

bride, to collect her belong-

form of taycty q.v. tanyo, n. (Zanf.) help,

tappa

(distinct

meet,

to

tara da to

Zanf.),

(S.

gather

collect,

from

tanawara.

tanya

tara,

taraiya

359

tanura

is

m.

tatara ninth.

tara, to care about, ha shi taran

to be full

;

tarshe to collect,

bring together, intens. form tatara to pile up.

tara, taro, tribute, but paid

only by heathen, also a fine

kauri he does not mind the

cf.

smell of burning; 7ia damre

ha ta rc(ha ka da zauren tara

ha shi tara aiki the bound can't choose their task, shina

separates you from the place

da taran ahinchi he

of fines

dainty

is

meet

tara, to put together, gather, collect,

;

liable to

see tare.

;

I did not hear, I did not see

i.e.

keep clear of

mischief and you will not be

over his food. t3.ra, to

prov. ha7i ji ha han gani

assemble;

A

17 ka-

dadai ka tara hanuka don tsoron heri although thou put both thy hands on it for fear E 23 su tara of losing it gida they share the same abode; cf. M. H. p. 198 ha mu tara enua daia we do not share the same shade tarda ;

;

punishment; za^u

chin tara they will have to

pay fines. tarabulus, tarabus, the town of Tripoli.

taraia*, a girdle made of cloth. tarairaiya, to coax a person

who

is

vexed to come back,

to welcome.

taraiya

(K.),

tarewa

(S.),

sharing, possessing in

n.

com-

taramnia

360

with

jiion

dakin

others.

taraiya a room shared with allah ha shi taraiya

another,

da kowa God has nothing in common with any other. abokin taraiya a partner.

taramnia (Combretuni verticil-

tari

nan

stay here

welcome, tdrasda,

obj.),

tdradda,

to

meet, come up with, overtake,

ku

find,

tare

ku

the

ta,re

usual outcry for stopping a

runaway thief, horse, ya tdra he stopped it.

etc.

tdri

without object, to meet,

a brigand. t^reo*, to meet with, to take

pi. tararti,

collected,

gether; see tdra. to reach to

tarba (S.), tarbache,

see tare.

;

to go to meet.

etc.

to gather

(S.),

food,

going to meet

n.

;

to detain.

tarda, to meet with

;

see tare.

tare, together, tare da ni to-

gether with

me

;

mu

taji tare

go together; tare da wanan*, lit. together with

let us

nevertheless (an imita-

tion of Ar.).

:

see tdre.

possessing in com-

see taraiya.

tarfa (Ar. o^j-l^), to pour out drop b}^ drop, to pour out tarfi,

a drop of water, a small

piece

anyone. (S.), v.

mon

(S.),

slowly.

for the poor. (S.),

bring, to relieve another

of his load

tarewa

subscription, contri-

bution of food,

tarbata

and

see tare.

;

tS,rasda, to overtake

this,

(without

tarda,

advantage of the wind in winnowing, niatarian hainya

gathered,

tarbe

tdria meeting, wel-

taras

alto-

tarare, fem. tarara,

tarbe

;

to

hiska to stand so as to take

tS,rare, to strain out.

etc.

and stop him

out to meet,

go

to

2.

with fragrant white flowers,

tS,ras,

with

it

your hand, tdra hanit put your hand in the way. tdra

come,

to trickle.

to stop,

1.

da hanu stop

tdreshi

latum, Combretaceae), a tree

and a four-angled fruit. tarara, tSiraro, to be poured out Uke wheat through a sieve, or Uke water, to leak,

tS,ra,

tS-rie,

ta,re,

anything

of

(cf.

Ar.

^»targade, a bruise or sprain. tari, abundance, plenty, as adv.

much, plentifully; p.

cf.

M. H,

217, akoi masalachi tari

there are

many mosques,

sometimes tarinku

with

all of

you.

used

pronouns

;;

tari,

tarwada

361

tari

I

;

cough see toari. an operation in weaving; ;

taria,

taro, a shrub

taro, a tax taro,

see tangori.

from tdra to meet, etc. taria, from tdra to assemble, meeting, yin taria to meet

taru,

tS,ria,

multitude,

,

gether;

;

see taru.

see tara.

;

tarori,

pi.

D

71

company, heap

B

used adverbially cf.

158=^ to-

tara.

i

tarsa*

tnasutaria crowd.

tarika

Ar. Aijj-b, mode of

(cf.

have a certain character, e.g. ya tarika dede he is a dawdler, ya tarika facia he is quarrelsome. acting, habit), to

tariki* (cf. (?) Ar. Jji, to foul water by throwing stones into

it),

small stones or sand

mixed with tario (Ar.

grain.

^jU),

le-

property,

D

68.

possessions,

tarki*, a Sokoto word used to

denote an impossible task Gr.

p.

136.

sun yi tarki

the task was beyond their

tafia tarkoshi

on one side of his

he walks instep, he

goes lame.

tama,

see tersa.

tarsashi,

tasashi,

alto-

all,

gether.

tarshe, gether

to

bring

collect, cf.

;

to-

tdra.

D 78 ka tarshimu ji dadi help us

tarshi, tarshe, to help,

tarsoa,

lit.

grouping, the con-

tartso, to spurt out,

spit,

sparks or liquids,

as of

tartsatsi

spurting, sparks.

taru,

pi.

;

tar unaJ

cf tdra. .

tarurua,

a

large net, e.g. one stretched across a river;

cf.

konna small

net.

taru, taro (Combretum spino-

strength.

tarkoshi, takwoshi, lameness.

yana

tarsasa*, to reproach, despise;

taru, to assemble

loads.

cf.

see

stellation Pleiades.

tarkache, terkache, tarikache,

70;

to feel happy. history,

gend, tradition.

tariti* squeezing,

D

help,

to

tara.

blood-feud, revenge.

tam3.ki, a rope used to hobble a horse by tying one front leg to one hind leg.

sum), a low undershrub used medicinally.

taruku, trap for wild animals made with a rope cf. turko. taruwa, meeting cf. tdra. tarwada, a kind of mud-fish, sometimes called sarikin kifi wankan tarwada a colour ;

;

;

;

tas

;

362

between black and

red,

the colour of the

tarwcida

i.e. !

when it has been washed. tas for tai or tasa, his.

tashi

tasgS.ro (Daura), loss

ing up,

resurrection,

prepared

masc.

and the object possessed fern. cf. taia and nasa,

is

;

tasa,

tasoshi

pi.

Kanuri

id.,

(Ar.

Nupe

id.,

bottle, also used of

il^),

sutashi

a large

tasamma,

to

a-

to send forth,

hindigata hai

up,

my gun

missed

with the

to seize

teeth. loss,

na yi

tasa 7na zna gari I started

to

go to the town,

straighten

and asara are

apparently both forms of the

Ar. Oj.***^, cf. hasara. tasashi, altogether; see

tasawa,

to

tar-

raise

prayer,

to

B

56 tasawal

hantsi the rising of the sun.

tasbaha* Ar.

up

ii,

tashe

26 kuna tasbaha

up

praise,

tasbi,

pi.

rosary),

to

to

cause

to

tdyesda to raise up, to

;

send away

tdyesua rising,

;

;

praise,

offer

up,

to wake one up wake one up, to set

erect,

up, to boil, to I)

salla

readiness for

in

resurrection

*..w

tada^

lift

to set free a prisoner,

tdyes to rising,

up,

tada

;

stand up rise,

sashi.

to start, e.g.

na

na

yi tasarinsu I have lost

ma

to arise, tasa

q.v.,

tasari

ha

ya. tashi

manzonsa he sent his messenOther forms are tasa

tasari I have a misfortune

them,

tashi

fire.

ger.

tashi.

tasari, misfortune,

nomadic people kasua tashi the market breaks

raise,

fa

messenger), cf.

tasM

a cup,

thing to be done, to send (a

tashii

first onslaught.

go forth, start from a place; cf. mc

bowl or bath.

waken;

tashi he

start.

V. to rise, arise,

tasdida, to raise up, to cause a

forth

fari the

ya saki

to

rais-

daga matatu

tashi

third pers. sing, 'his,' used is

see seq.

;

tashi, n. rising, starting,

when the

possessor

cf. tas-

;

kdro.

tashe, to raise up

tasa, separable possessive pron.

;

taso

to

come up;

rise cf.

tdsdda. tS,shi, brightness, light, clear-

Ar. Aa^^w,

ness

beads, esp. as used

tashi,

iasbai

(cf.

for counting prayers.

;

cf tachi. .

etc.,

a kind of pepper;

see twas/ii.

,

tashinkai

tatara

363

tashinkai, pride,

raising

lit.

tasu, separable possessive pron.

up the head.

third pers.

when the

tasinia, a small thorny plant. tasiri

ya taska the moon is well up, Jiantsi ya taska the morning was well advanced. taska,

fem.

bravery, endurance.

(S.),

taska, to mount up, to increase, used of sun or moon, wata

iaskaki, store-room,

pi.

round

a

treasury,

mud

tata,

2.

a

of

a small

tached

cf.

rise

1.

to

;

horses' food, hay.

to

hannalet us not vainly trample it (knowledge) under foot.

for

2.

to boil

;

to remind;

t§.tali,

see tashi.

Etasoma

mouth

(S.), ;

;

p. 24.

brought home

rise, i.e.

and come

Gr.

first

for the third person

tat3.ka, stalks of grass, used for

on marriage. itaso,

both however

are is

tataka tatake, an intensive form of tdka to tread down, trample under foot, also fig. B 40 kada mu tatakeshi muna

at-

by a man when he sends his wife to be

tawa

frequently used for the

;

a present given

3.

;

i.e.

possessed

and tasa

the

ground with rope noose

her,'

feminine,

women keep

hole in

first and *my' and when the possessor and

third persons,

object

a trap for ostriches which

consists

n. filtering.

used both for the

re-

string or spinning materials

tachewa,

tata, separable possessive pron.

'

1.

tasunioy% story,

pi.

taswa, boiling; a verbal noun from taso.

meton. treasure.

tazkira,

used

tale.

taskache, to lay up treasure. taskS,ro (S.), loss, damage. basket in which

their,'

*

cf. iiasit.

;

tasunia,

ceptacle for grain, etc., hence

;taskira,

pi.

object possessed is

to seize with the

see tasamma.

tasu, used for joining cardinal

cf.

D 86 ya yi he makes preparation

preparation,

tdtali

;

taltali*, id.

tatapara, a bat. tatara, an intensive form of

points of compass in order to

tdra, q.v., to squeeze, pile

denote intermediate points;

together,

tasii arewa = gabaz kusurua arewa = East towards Korth.

tightly

gahaz

A

sitting crouching with

'

chart

up

28 pass, atatare

folded,

D

61

akatataramu on

arms rana that

;

tatasai

day

;

364

when we have

gathered together;

E

hankalinsu

tatara

been 19

zua

sz^

ga

taushe lense, is

gum

a

used as inceii-

obtained from

mata they pay all their attention to women. tatasai, twashshi, or tushi,

horns of a cow),

species of large green pepper

tauraro (Daura),

pod, not very hot;

cf.

tankwa.

tataura, fem. tatauria, pi. taura, hard ; see tauri.

ta-

curls, or locks

man's

face.

star

;

see

ta^i^

rdro.

taurata, to harden

;

see taurl.

the Books

(Ar.),

of

Moses. tauri*, he-goat.

ite.

tatsa, tatse, twatsa,

twache,

tauri, hardness, stubbornness

to milk, to squeeze out juice,

da tauri strong, hard

extract.

zuchia hardness of heart

tatsunia, pi. tatsuniai^ star. taubashi, a play companion, said to be used of those brought up together as children, but in Sokoto

it is

only

applied to the children of a

brother and sister and not of

two brothers

;

one taubashi

may greet another with abuse at which no offence

is

taken

;

places across his shoulder, a

load being suspended at either end.

hand over the anyone to another

(S.), to

care of

to

taura, a

chew see tamna. Detarium Senega-

tree,

;

;

yin

taurin

ido

sauciness,

bold-

ness;

dan tauri invulnerable;

tauri

is

applied to castrated

rams or goats. tauria, a form of tauri, barrenness matauria barren. ;

tausa, 1. to squeeze; merse cf. taushe.

2.

to im-

;

tausaye, pity, comyin tausai and jin

passion

;

tausai to have or feel pity, to

abin tausay

be sorry;

what a pity tausaye, pity

!

see prec.

taushe,

n. fondling.

taushe

(S.),

tausa

press, squeeze;

see talafa.

taurin

hard; taurin kai obstinacy;

;

taulafa

;

tauri to harden, to become

tausai,

see shara.

tauga, a pool. taula, a pole which a carrier

tauna,

wo

of hair at the side of a

taureta

tatengi, dan tatengi pet, favour-

its roots.

taura (Fulani id. = turned down

to block

eat

up a hole

through,

(K.),

to

taushe rami

e.g.

;

to nibble,

of

white;

;

tayaz

365

taushi ants

;

to hold

;

keep one

oft*

or back, to

off; tausashe, fern.

tausashia, pi. tausasu, pressed,

squeezed

gianduma

;

tausa-

tawatsa, tawasa, a tree with jointed pods, a poison for smearing arrows is obtained from it, from its bark are

shia a water-gourd with the

made

mouth closed;

cana, Leguminosae).

taiLshewaipres&-

tawaya, tauwi,

ing, squeezing.

taushi, fineness, softness

mai-

;

taushi or da taushi soft

;

cf.

tautau, spider ; see toto. tautauchi, tautau, cobweb,

M. H. p. 200 see toto. tauwi, to lessen see tawaya. tawa, separable possessive pron ;

;

pers.

possessor

sing., is

possessed p.

24

;

the day declines ;

3.

to decrease,

1.

rana

ta

tawaya

to press

2.

;

to hem.

tawaye, twins

;

see tawai.

t&ya, to bargain, to make an

in soup.

tawada,

to lessen, e.g.

down

laushi, tapshi.

taushi, taushe, onions cooked

first

ropes (Albizzia moluc-

cf.

for

when

used

masc. and object

is

See Gr.

fem.

nawa.

adawa

nawa antaya what is the price 1 nawa nawa su ke how much are they each?

price of

;

Ans. aa ba7i tayasu ha I don't know, I have not enquired their price yin tdyi, id. taya, to help, to assist, constr. 1. with direct obj. 2. with ma, e.g. na taya maka I help thee; 3. with an inf., e.g. wane shina tayani chin kiji nan ;

;

or tadawa,

ink.

tawaga, running away,

especi-

who

ally used of a crowd.

tawai, rebellion, the tawaye, rebellious,

ask the

offer in bartering, to

pi.

is

form

used of

fish

?

will help

me

to eat this

tainya, tainye, tainyo,

to help

;

tainyona*, n. help

;

towns or peoples which refuse to pay tribute, etc. used of Borgu, Abuja, northern half of Gobir, Ningiand Argungu tawaye a revolution ; yin ta-

tamaya, tanya. tayas, tayar ma wani da han-

waye

tayaz, to refuse, disobey, trans, and intrans. ya tayaz mai he

;

to revolt.

tawai. tawaye, twins tawaliyu*, humility

;

cf tag Hi. .

(cf.

Ar.

cf.

kali to upset, annoy.

tayasda, tayesda, to

raise

up

see tashi.

disobeyed him obedience.

;

tayazua

dis-

tayesua tayesua,

366 rising,

resurrection;

see tashi. tS,yi,

n.,

a

offering

1.

help;

cf.

M. H.

p.

226,

of pity,

tazargadi*, a bitter medicine made from herbs used as an emetic.

tazkira, a small basket

iu

which

women keep string or spinning te, tai, to

;

see

;

go

apparently an

;

cf.

J^ji

v),

to

tarsasa. ;

seetao-wada.

tesa, to say a thing over again, repeat.

teyi, invitation; see tdyi.

tibbu, love charms. tihu, tifu, a hanging mat. tijo, a disease on horses' legs. tika, a blow, e.g. with the

fist.

tike, a fibre or grass rope.

tilalabia*, soft, slippery mud.

see taskira.

abbreviated form of

Ar.

(cf.

terwada, mud-fish

ahokin tayo a friend to help.

tazanko, an expression

tersa*

despise;

tayi, foetus of animals.

materials

of a horse

price,

invitation to

2,

join in partaking of food.

n.

temaki, hobble tarnaki.

bargaining;

tayo,

tinzera

taji.

teddas, to blow water out of the mouth teddaswa the action of blowing water out

tllas, fern, tilas ha ta rasa dakin

kwana^ i.e. necessity knows no law, force; da tilas by force,

perforce, yui tilas to

;

of the

mouth

;

;

see

n. ofiFering

or exposing

for sale,

terga, VIII, fall),

tilasa rtiuttim, I use

tilasda, to constrain tilli* (Ar. Jj), a

Ar. wJJi to have weak knees and pi.

na

force to compel the

tental*, civet,

tergai

(cf.

disease of joints

;

ya yi

terinia, fatness

;

ya yi terinia

;

man. see prec

heap or

store of anything

;

see

largt tidli.

tindumi, sewing or embroidery at edge of a garment.

tingama,

terga.

(S.)

to use force with, to constrain, e.g.

tanka.

terere,

tila^a

;

(K.) and tilasda, tilasta

see tuda.

tenkia, dispute, quarrel

use force, to compel

wheat,

to beat or grind

rice,

etc. j

he

tinia, a cactus

is fat.

terkache, possessions

;

see tar-

kache.

terko, a trap or snare turko.

;

see tumia.

tinjere, tunjere, syphilis,

\

sy-

philitic sore. ;

see

tinjim, plenty. tinzera, perplexity, fear; no

.

tomo

367

tir

am

yi tinzera I

afraid

see

;

tnmzurua. tir,

woe

you this

!

may God curse da wanan woe to

alas

man

itatua su yi

;

tofo the trees sprout

ti7'

!

forth as plants

!

yin

tofo

;

itache

ya

;

tofu

=

tofu the

tree sprouts.

toge ma, to shrink from, with-

!

tira, a leathern charm,

tirare, scent

draw from. toi, to burn,

see turare.

;

tirka, n. a tax, esp. a tax upon

an inheritance or

legacy.

tirkata, to tax an inheritance,

tirmani, a small black stinging

toka,

F

114

^

tisain (Ar. ,j-ou^),

id.,

card.

see toya.

tok^ra, to uphold, to support as a pole supports a tent;

up the roof

atokareshi prop

with a forked

ant.

;

tokuna^ ashes, dust.

pi.

stick, also to

jam, stick; kayar

kifi ta

tsaya

awuya ta tokareshi a fish-bone num. ninet}

stuck in his throat.

to, well! so! yes! indeed! good!

when a native does not quite understand what is said he will frequently reply

to.

toari, tari, twari, cough

;

yin

such as grows especially on abandoned farms, and which used for thatching,

gonan

etc.;

kewoya daga nesa go a long way round to cf.

avoid a

tofa

field

;

see tukuichi.

ordinal

is

the

;

masc.

natokos, fem. tatokos.

hand over the care anyone to another; see

tolafa, to

tofa, sharp-edged grass or bush

is

present

tokos, card. num. eight corresp,

toari to cough.

.

tokochi, a fee for bringing a

of

tofa

you get the prickles

in

of

talafa.

tolahi, a security for good conduct.

toliya, a hair tuft of a

young

(lest

man. tolma, to pledge, mortgage.

your

tolotolo, turke}'

feet).

toma*, pride;

tofa, tofi, to breathe out, to

;

see talatalu.

tomansa I speak haughtily to him see iTia

;

spit; ^), a shirt, worn under or instead of the large flowing

gown {riga)

the

;

and

sometimes the singular is used for clothes generally C 35 saiko tufa ka bida ga dakin dunia thou

must seek for nothing in this world but clothing tufania, tufanya, a mat made of

woven

down cf.

one

grass, e.g.

in front of a

let

doorway

Mauri.

tufata, to clothe

tuburkuma, tumburkuma, 1.

tudda^

the lower level

whence he disem-

;

tube, to take

tuda,

may refer to

plural

water.

;

it

barks, of

tubani, tabani, tubuni, beans ground up and cooked in

skin

man's country which is supposed to be a fertile place, or of the sea

pent truly.

tub all, a

tugua

to pour over, to

tufka, tubka, tupka, tumka. to

plait,

muna

twist,

tubka

making

braid,

e.ir.

we

are

igia

rope,

tufua, clothing

;

see tufa.

tuge, to pluck, pull out (e.g. a plant from the soil), intens.

form tuttige cf. tumbuke. tugu, dan tugu a professional ;

receiver of stolen property, a

spill; cf. teddas.

sharp dealer,

tudu,

pi.

tudodi

(Ar.

V^\

mountain, mound, hill, any low elevation or rising ground.

tudu

is

often used to denote

Africa as opposed to the white

tugua,

pi.

a tobe

;

tuguna, a shirt like see tagua.

tugua, the shaking of milk a calabash in order to butter; cf. seq.

in

make

;

tukuwa

383 tugua, tagua, heavy rain ya i/l tugua it is tempestuous. ;

tugufa, a raised tugili.tagiii,

tugula*, a

tuhuma, tiija,

pi.

mud

bed, dais.

tnguaye, twins.

l)racelet

;

to suspect

see tagula.

;

cf. tijo.

tuje, to tan, to scrape hair from

a skin, intens. form tutuje tuj i, 2.

;

1

.

Paaw or greater Bustard

rudder

;

cf

.

tunhuda

;

tukawa pushing, paddling. tuka, tuke, to finish matuka boundary tukewa ending. tiika, tukka, n. chewing the cud cf. tsuke. ;

;

:

tiika, tiikka, the twisting of

strands into

thread

;

tukke

a rope made of grass, used in Zaria for binding on the roof of a house.

tukane, pots see tukunia. tukatukai (K.), calf of leg. tuke, to end see tuka. ;

;

tuke, goat-pen, a shortened form of turike, q.v, tiike, tukke, to mash, chew, sania tana tukke the cow is chewing the cud cf. tsuke. :

plaited

p.c. of

;

from

the value

a tip or 'dash.'

:

see tukunia.

before, since

as yet

varies

It

etc.

tukuna, tukun,

p.

;

as a

king,

of the present

207 matansa na tnka tuo his wife prepared food tiika jirigi to paddle a canoe, jnatuki a paddle used

M. H.

of

tukwichi, the fee paid to the bearer of a present from a

tukumya,

a tough grass.

tiika, to push, to stir in cooking cf.

made

grass.

about 5 to 10

tuge.

cf.

dish-cover

tukuichi, takichi, tokochi,

(Ar.^^).

a disease of horses

tuku, tukuwa, pi. tuk;j,

rose),

specially used of a kind of

attar of roses.

ware,

to separate, to disperse,

!

;

warga

wUsa

397

ku warn

disperse

warare

ivarware^ intrans. to

\

come unravelled warwari,

past part.

!

(of thread).

ivariwari,

to

1.

ha ahi wariketva the fool incurable ; see warkada.

warki,

loin-cloth

wamu,

wartsaka,

are dispersed.

warwada, a fem.

this,

frog.

to be convalescent,

to get better.

warware,

komo gobe tvarhaka return at

warwarji,

time to-morrow

this

a con-

;

a hatchet

see ival-

;

wada.

form of waiiga, q v. warh3.ka, often contracted colloquially to luaraka, by this time, about this time, e.g. ka

traction of wakati hdka.

see walki.

a small dark-coloured

shake out, unfold, wind off; 2. with alkaueli to break a promise, suji ivarivatsu they

warga, worga,

;

is

come unravelled

to

;

see ware.

warwari,

to shake

out;

see

ware.

oryx

warwaji,

white

see ivalwaji.

;

warwatsa,

to

scatter;

see

wdtsa.

wari

(cf.

Ar.

(1)

jjijj,

corrupt

bad smell zama to become stinking.

matter), a tvari

;

wasa, song or game, wasa-wasa tricks, sunan wasa a nickname abokin wasa comrade, chum, wasa is also used to denote an alliance or entente ;

wari, to open, used book,

etc.

;

e.g.

of a

possibly a form

of ware.

wari*

D

(cf.

wari, 2.

l\j^),

outside,

V.

to select,

warkSida, to cure

to

choose

:

to

it

the

;

see warke.

to be cured or healed, to get well

commonly

to heal,

keke, fem. warkekia, pi.

healed

;

wasanwuta fireworks. wasa, to scatter see wdtsa. ;

wasa

warke, worke, worike,

keku,

applied

buki feasting at a marriage.

out one or more pieces.

less

specially

a part, one piece of;

abinda akayi done outside.

a pair.

wari,

is

sound of a drum; yin wasa to play music, hence wasam-

is

1.

Ar.

between states

'

wari

48

what

'

cordiale

(cf.

or yin

Ar.

iv,

to

to cut),

sharpen;

awasa wuka

let

sharpened

ya wasu

war-

sharpened

war-

Gr. p.

maihaukache

,^3

tvashi

ye

1

39,

have

;

cf

;

1.

.

the knife be

waslii

it ;

is cf.

46 kun yi washi

sharpened

(your

;

inawashi a grind-

swords), stone.

waso, to devastate. waso, distraining see wasoso. wasoso, n. snatching or steal;

wS,saki, a leathern bucket. 6 0^ wS-sali (cf. Ar. J-o^, the sign '^ placed over I), the points, or vowels, placed above or

below the

letters.

wasambuki, wasashe, wasaso,

a marriage feast

to scramble for. n.

ing

goods,

anything,

ka

yi

for

it

for

deprivation;

wasosunshi scramble see wdsa, wdshe.

;

watashi,

snatching;

scrambling

loss,

wasu, pi. of wani, q.v. wata*, to arrive at, reach. wata, wota, pi. watani, and

see wasa.

see

9vasoso.

wasawasa, a sort of porridge made of beans or guinea-corn, or in N. Africa of macaroni cf kuskus.

see wdsaki.

construed

usually

as masculine,

moon,

1.

e.g.

wata shina hada haske the moon gives light, farin wata new moon, or moonlight; 2. month; z^atow yo this month, ivatan jibi the

.

wasekki, a leathern bucket;

washe,

watareran

398

wSisaki

next,

month

watan jia

last

after

month,

wataii gohe next month; wa-

to distrain, ruin

;

e.g.

financially.

tan bokoi the last

month

of

the dry season, i.e. the seventh

washefe, 1. hair on the cheeks and upper lip 2. a pit with ;

sharp stakes in

it.

end of thi wata ya shiga dufn

month

after the

rains,

moon does not

the

rise till

j

washi,n. sharpening; SQewdsa. washiriya, a wide space between two front teeth; see

moon

wushiria.

wasiche (Ar.), to bequeath, wasichi (Ar.), will, testament, wasiya (Ar.), testator, wasiya* (Ar. ^^^), executor, waske, woske,

to

avoid

(a

blow).

waskiya,

wata ya niutu the month (or moon) is wata ya tsaya the ended,

after bedtime,

is

new.

wata, wota, a certain fern,

one,

of wani, q.v.

watakila, perhaps

watane*

(cf.

;

cf wotakihi. .

Ar. ^>5j in, to

be assiduous), found in phr. ka watane prepare !

n.

avoidance of

blow or danger.

a

watareran, aimless toil

;

cf.

reran.

or useless

|

;;

;

watia

watia*, preparation. watika, a letter ; see wotika. wato, appearance, equivalent; waton .sariki in place of or in appearance like to a king tratmi ha ka so that

means

you don't want to. watsa, waza, wache, to ter

wazi

399

break up, rout. watsal the jumping

about, or flapping, of a fish

on dry land, pass, watsu, intens. form warwache^ walwat^watsa

tvache,

to

out, scatter abroad,

shake awaze

to

throw

away,

wawa, wawashe, wawari,

to

come unravelled returning

waye

(S.),

waye,

to

to surpass.

become clear, to dawn, e.g. gari ya waye the day dawns waye, waya, wayau, wayenchi to explain, make clear; ka waye mamu abin ;

nan explain

this thing to us;

akanwaita plained, wayewa,

dawn

;

a

one who is vain, bada wawa to deprov. dct hahu wawa

fool,

a jester

;

ceive ; cf

.

yara da wawa, i.e. half a loaf wais better than no bread, wanchi folly, foolishness. wawa, found in the phr. bahu

wawa

without doubt, doubt-

wayo, wayau,

a piece of cloth made

dawn-

plan,

scheme,

stratagem, intelligence

hence cunning,

maicunning or

skill

is

;

skilful.

wayunia, an exclamation despair

:

probably

form of wainia,

waza, a horn

of

another

q.v.

for blowing.

wazagi, a malodorous wild cat, lives in holes in towns or used in Sokoto for bush ;

tunku.

wazanu prayer

(S.), ;

one who

wa'^atsi.

calls to

see wazinu.

wazi and wazu,

less.

wawa,

ex-

is

1.

explanation,

2.

wayo one who

a deranged person.

it

interpretation.

waushi*, perhaps. wauta, abstr. of wawa, foolishness, vanity maiwauta fool;

see

;

woiwoia.

plot,

wawa,

to scramble

see ivdre.

watse, intr. to scatter; cf. wdtsa. watsu, scattered see wdtsa. ;

4^

for.

ing,

scatter.

watsatsi, fem. tvcUsatsia, a name given to a vicious goat.

ish,

strips,

pass,

scattered.

watsarda,

about twenty

cubits in length.

wawoinya*, scat-

(seed),

watsal

of

to

warn

;

see

wazmu

wohaldd'

400

wazinu, muezzin, the one who

wodi

pronounced nearly a?^" word meaning 'good,' used in Hausa as an {o

aw), a Fulani

calls to prayer.

wazir, waziri ( Ar. j-jj^), vizier.

affirmative interjection.

weiwei,

to be left alone

see

;

waiwai. see waina.

;

vanity;

windi, a small round mat made of grass

;

cf

.

wundi.

two front teeth see wiishiria. WO, to do, see yiwo. WO, WO, the sound made by a dog; cf. M. H. p. 188 wo, ;

wo, ski ne

taji taji.

(cf. (?)

labour

karia wofi a bare lie a worthless

man; chiwonwofi an incurable disease; yin wofi to compel, wofi ya shiya it was a case of

compulsion.

WOga, WOgi,

Ar. 4jj, to conwonder,

;

this,

fem. of wonga, q.y

cattle-stealing; see wdyi

wohala, wahala

sider

attentively),

II,

fear

yin woha to wonder,

tion, trouble;

to be afraid. of

wonchan,

Ar.

A

84

mu

wahala nika we

eat without

fche

ji^ affli*

ku

shall

trouble

of

grinding, yin wohala to pun-

q.v.

woda, how see ivada. woda, who, which, fem. wonda,

of

q.v.

wodachi,

riches

wodanan,

trouble, a poor

wada.

cf.

;

these, pi. of

punishment; pain, wohalan haifaa labour pains; maiwohala one who bears ish, inflict

;

wonan,

constantly.

man who toils

woJialda, wahal-

da — yin wohala to trouble

q.v.

wodanda, who,

pi.

of wonda,

oneself,

be grieved, distressed,

had a ka wohalda kanku do

q.v.

wodanga,

these, pi. of wonya,

q.v.

not

trouble,

yourselves,

wodansu, wadansu,

some,

pi.

of wani, q.v.

wodari,

to

riches

vex,

distress

wohalsa, wohal-

she to vex, to annoy, to cause affliction, to correct; cf.

make

string

;

wadari.

wodata,

(cf.

to strike fear into),

chi ha

WOChan, that, fem.

woji

wofi fruitless

aiki7i

Diutunn

wofin

wishiria, the space between the

;

ahm

privation of goods;

wene, cakes

woba*

wofi, bareness, nakedness, de

;

see ivada.

see

H.

p.

M.

183 hakori su ke wo-

halsata she has toothache, wohalda, wohalshe, see pri

;

woho

;

wonga

401

woho,

wolka and yin wolkia

a cry of exultation.

woiga, waiga, woishe, to look behind

back,

turn round,

;

concern oneself with, grieve over cf. woiwaya. WOige, waige, n. turning :

round

woishe, see woiga. woishi for waishi

WOlki, a skin wrapper

see

;

iralki.

wolkia, lightning, any bright light.

woUa*,

see woiya.

;

by Allah

Ar.,

see

!

1 valla.

cf.

;

M. H.

wollaha, wallaha

[possibly deJ^

p.

203

;

see ivai.

back,

look

oneself with

cf.

;

^

to turn

the title given to the prayers

concern

which are said when the sun is high], time about 10 a.m.,

prov. aikin

hanza makafo da waiwaiye a fruitless task is like a blind man turning round to look. woiwoiawa, waiwayawa turning round, returning cf. wo;

iga.

H. Gr.

see

woUo*,

p. 86.

theft.

wolo, egg

plant.

womagunguna gunguna

or

uwar-ma-

(Securidaca longi-

pedunculata, Polygalaceae), a

woiwoiawa,

woiwoia,

see

woiga.

4-»-5),

pi.

side,

wosashe (Ar.

place,

region

wojen darna right side, right hand, wojen hagum left side, da^a wojen nan...daga woje chan on this side... on the other side, ivojenka with you hence as adv., out, outside; ya tuma waje daia he jumped ;

shrub with purple flowers, used medicinally and in pre-

woje, waje, 0^

aside

Si

rived from the Ar. S^-wigiM,

woiwaya, waiwaya, round,

to

lighten.

ijia

tafia

woje I

am

walking outside. wojen is also used as a preposition, 'outside.'

woli, wuli, a saint, fakir; see wali. R. H. D.

,

paring arrow poison.

wombai,

a royal

officer,

heir to the throne at

fadawa. pi. wodanan^ by see wanan.

cf

the

Kano

.

wonan,

this near

;

wonchan,

fem.

ivochan^

pi.

wodanchan, that over there see wanchan. wonda, fem. woda, wodda, pi. wodanda, who, which see wanda. wonga, fem. wogga, pi. wo;

danga,

this

near by

;

wanga. 26

see

;

;

worn

402

woni, some one see tvani. woniyayi, sometiDie, a comp. of woni and yayi, q.v. ;

WOnka,

apparently a

to

verbal

wonka

is

wash the whole body,

to

substantive

bathe;

yiri

;

wanka.

cf.

wonsu, some, wonzu*, to prolong; pi.

worami

see

(K.), a ring

display of torches

is

this

;

called

wo?/;o.

WU, a shout

or scream

wushe*

WTiche,

=:

u/u.

or fuche,

;

A

;'

15 kowa ya zo ya wuche

wanzu.

every one comes and goes,

see wa-

B 75 duka sun wuche they have all passed away wuchewuche at intervals, e.g. every other day or once a week cf. prov. tvuya matvuchia difficulty is a thing which passes away; cf. Gr. p. 103 kdda dadi shi wucheni let not its sweetness escape me, M. H. p. 152; wuche da to pass by, take no notice of. ;

worga, warga,

this,

used esp.

in Sokoto district as a fem.

form of wanya. WOrigi, play, sport; yin woriyi to play, to beat a drum,

worike, worke, to be cured see tvarke.

woriwori,

improve

to

in

health. side,

a

less correct

form

wosichi, a

letter

;

see wotika.

WOSU, some, pi. of woni, q.v. wota, wata, a certain one, of wani, q.v.

wotakila

(cf.

wuchia*, wuf,

of woje, q.v.

feni.

accustomed to light torches

and throw them about

pass by, pass away, subside

of woni, q.v.

ranii.

WOshe,

wukii

(^)

;

see wutsia.

word

ex-

pressingsuddenness of action;

ya yi wuf he made a jump. wufi*, wupi* shoesa

wujiji,

Ar. iLSs, so

a tail

onomatopoeic

loan

cooperative

system among friends

;

cf.

adashi.

would mean some measure '), perhaps. wotika, watika, wochika* wosichi, pi. wotiku, wosiku that wotakila '

in

Ar. \J^^, covenant, document), a letter. wowo. At the end of the (cf.

month Muharram boys

are

wuka, knife

pi. ;

wukake, wukaikaiy

wasa or gerta wuka

wukan to sharpen a knife hanu a dagger worn on the wrist wukan sariki the name ;

;

of a spotted grasshopper with

green wings.

wukia, a

small,

long-shaped

;

wula

;;

vase or scent

wula,

for

bottle

liolding

M. H.

fez,

222

p.

;

see

fula.

walakanchi,

disgrace, maltreatment.

wulakanta

w-iij,

to

to

to

intreat,

evil

Ar.

strike blows,

(cf.

to

strike),

with

treat

contempt; ya zama toulakantache he is humbled.

wulga, wulge, wurga, throw away, throw ;

wuli, woli, a

(S.

),

;

cf

.

n.

i.e.

mala/a.

sunrise to sunset;

wuni

salutation

man working

sanu da

used to a

the whole day

;

wur very black, wura*, to jump backwards baki

and forwards,

to dance.

a metal

ring;

see

ivarami.

wurami*,

not overcast, '

is

apparently a form of rorami a crooked stick.

allah

over

ivurin,

often equiva-

with,' 'to,'

'

in place

of; wurinsa with him, ya tafi wurin sariki he went to the king. na zo imirinka I have come to see you, litafin nan yana wurina this book is in my possession, ansa wani umrinsa another was put in his of,'

or 'instead

place.

;

!

wurami,

is

wuri, an adverbial use

ka wuni lajia said on leaving one to rest in camp = may you rest well wunin aiki a day's work. wur, very ja wur very red

;

is

is

umri na,

lent to

the whole day from

spot,

sometimes used for sky, wuri ha baki ba the

sky

a round or

see

;

u)uri

all.

to

oval mat, esp. used of a prayer

see wulga.

sapka a camping-place shina wuri duka God

to

saint, fakir.

wundi, windi

;

at this time;

wurin chira a place of escape, refuge, wui'in gudu a place to flee to, wurin locality

1.

throwing

n.

throw

to

warhaka. wuri, pi. wurare, place,

2.

pass by, pass away.

wulgi, wurgi, away.

wurga,

wurhaka,

see wakiya.

;

wulakanchi,

mat wuni,

wuri

403

of prec,

early, already, before, before

da umri early tunda up till now cf. aunar maka tunda wuri your lot will be the first to be weighed da umri tvuri or wuri wuri very early. wuri, pi. kurdi, a cowry shell time

;

;

ivuri already,

;

the

pi.

is

also

used in the

general sense of money,

e.g.

kurdin gurasa bread- money, i.e. alms; cf. prov. zua da

26—2

wuria

wuya

404

wuri ya Ji zua da wuri wuri to come (late) with a cowry is better than to come very Posearly (empty handed). sibly wuri comes from the Songhai oura

according to

:

Ibn Batuta cowries were used by the Songhai in the four[Cowrie

century.

teentli

used to be imported

shells

Hausaland by way of the R. Niger from Zanzibar and the Maldive Islands.] wuria, a drain, ditch, space between two farms. wus, wush, pooh an expresinto

caterpillar,

cause

hairs

its

irritation.

wutsia, wuchia*,

tail;

1.

2.,

the strings of a loin-cloth.

wutsiar-bera (mouse's

tail),

a

plant with a hairy raceme of purple flowers, =kaskaifi, q.v.

wutsiar-kadangari

(lizard's

Monechma

hispida,

tail),

Acanthaceae, a plant common in marshes, wutsiarkurege (jerboa's

Aspilia

tail),

Compositae, a yellow flowered herb which angustifolia,

grows in marshy places, siar-rakumi

(camel's

vnittail),

!

sion of contempt.

wushe*,

to

pass

away

see

;

wuche.

wushiria, wishiria jjrfj,

to

make the

Ar.

(cf.

teeth sharp

and thin), the natural space between the two front teeth in the upper jaw. wuta, pi. wutaitai, wutache, masc. and fem., fire, a fire; jin wuta to warm oneself at a fire, fura wuta to make a faralunita brimstone.

fire,

wuta-wuta (lit. Senegalensis,

flames) (Striga Scro{)hulari-

neae), a red flowered weed,

said

by the Hausas to destroy

the growing guinea-corn

;

see

kuduji.

wutan

Platycoryne paludosa, Orchia small orchid with orange-yellow flowers found

deae,

gainye, a light green

in

damp

wutsiar-

places,

kusu a plant with a spike of pale blue flowers;

see tsar-

kiar-kusu.

wuya,

; da wuya diffihard to accomplish, of necessity, ahin dunia da wu-

difficulty

cult,

yan sani

know

all

it

is

things

diflScult ;

cf

.

to

pro v.

en uniya bai shiga arifani ha shi zama, lit. where difficulty does not enter, advantage does not abide. wuya, wiya, pi. wiyayi, masc.

neck of

;

wuyan hanu,

the hand,

wuya

lit.

wrist,

neck dokin

a form of pickaback

played by children.

!

ya

^

The letter is used by the Hausas to represent the sound of the English consonant y.

ya, pers. pron. third pers. sing, prefixed to aor. 'he,'

ya yenke he cut

'it,' e.g.

used in im-

;

personal expressions, issa it is l^etter

;

e.g.

ya

enough, ya

fi it is

esp. in

Kano,

also,

to express a wish,

e.g.

allah

ya haka lafia may God give you health, e.g. allah ya

may

taimakeka

you ya,

God

p.

its

ya

205.

used in

Kano

is

for

body

M.

of.

sometimes

how ?

cf.

ya akaji da sainyi ? how do you like the cold 1 see yaya. (used in Kano), daughter;

cf dia (used in Sokoto). .

uwa

yar-

a prefix to denote

the

third person singular of the

future tense

ya

(Ar.

cf.

;

O

id.),

Gr.

used in

esp.

!

p. 33.

expression ya sidi sir

struct form yan),

Kanuri

id.,

sons

friends,

ya

;

police,

soldiers

;

of cloth

y&ba, to

also yainata.

cf.

;

yaanan, then

see saanan.

;

praise, to give

thanks

ydbahe, fem. ydhaha,

to.

pi.

ydhahu, honoured, praised.

yaba,

yabe,

to

daub,

ceil,

smooth, plaster, of walls,

yaha

etc.

put on a coat

lifidi to

yabahe, fem. yahaha,

of mail,

yahabu, smoothed, ceiled,

pi.

plastered cf. prov. da sahmi gina gouma ydba replastering is

preferable to fresh build-

ing.

yabainya, the young shoots of any crop when about a foot high. yS,bS,ri, millet which

up of

itself

son

of

;

pi.

of da,

uwana, mother =

ya7i

my

brothers, brethren;

like da,

q.v.,

is

yabe,

has sprung on an unsown

ydbe^abe,

pi.

used to

n.

daubing,

plastering.

yabirbira, a kind of bat; see birbiri.

yabki,

y&bo,

a velvet cloth;

1.

slime;

ya (Kanuri id.), elder sister. ya (nearly always used in con-

lit.

da

farm.

sister.

ya, a contraction of yaa used as

yan sanyan kasa foot yan daidai a kind

denote occupation

;

ya kada

like a crocodile;

H.

help

!

like, jiki

is

ya

y&da

405

2.

see yapki.

praise, fame, reputation,

report

;

yin ydbo to praise,

B 21 ina ydbonka uban zahra I praise thee,

honour, sidi

O

lord,

father

of

Zahra,

ydbon kai self laudation. ydida, how, like see yeda. ;

;.

yada

406

yada, yada wiita to light a yada,

throw

to

reject,

A

e.g.

away, lose, 58 sun yada

hainya they rejected the right way. ya yada kwara he threw away the (fruit) stone. yada mashi to throw a spear as a declaration of war, cf. Gr.

139,

p.

sion

the

46, the expres-

1.

specially applied

is

to

war waged by a

first

king

after

yddo

throw

his

accession,

wrap or garment about one;

to fold over, to

2.

cast a

see yddia.

fire;

yaji

mayafi coverings, wraps, ydydfa light rain. yafe (Fulah yafu), to forgive, anyafeshi he has been quitted,

yafe

ma

to let

acoff,^

release.

yana

yafe, n. covering,

da hergo he

is

yafe\

covered with a|

blanket.

yafo, to besprinkle

;

see yafa.

yafuche, yafche, to beckon j

here

it

cf

!

yezda. yilde, to skim milk.

made from feed on

yadia,

its

ropes are

bark, ostriches

lighting; yin yddia

to light up.

yado, the creepers or tendrils of a gourd.

yadu

yado,

(cf.

Ar.

j^jj,

wide), to spread out, increase;

B

47 ihada kan yado the

ser-

God would increase. yaenda, when usually convice of

;

tracted to yanda, q.v.

yafa, yafo, to

wash

1.

to rub, besprinkle,

over with water

yafa rua to throw water over one's

e.g.

to

ai

deaf man or to someone atj a distance, ya yafucheshi he beckoned to him verb. n.

yafuchi beckoning. yafuto, to beckon and cause to

come

to oneself,

na yafuto

beckoned him to me (and he came). yaga, yage, to tear, e.g. cloth, paper, etc. F 184 (of dogs) suna hafshi suna yaga d^ tsawa they bark and tear shi I

its leaves.

n.

hand,

;

(?),

a shrub that burns with a ;

the

|

yadia, cynanchum viminale noise in the fire

with

body with the hands;

;

and

cry.

clothes,

yagua a tear in yayaga to

etc.

scratch, to claw.

yagatu

(K.), noise, alarm.

yahaya*

shot.

yaiyafa, light rain;

see

yd-

yafa. yaji, pi. yazuzuka,

1.

hotness

or sharpness of pepper, pepper, e.g.

B

17 annabi rrmgani

;

!

yaka ha

ha the medicine of

i/aji

yaji

it

is

not hot. ina da

has a pungent smell

oppression, tyranny;

rtiai-

yaji hot-tempered, valiant.

yin yaki to wage Also of hunting or a dangerous game, sukataji yaki fighting

;

war.

da bamia.

yakua

mayaki warrior.

(Hibiscus

Malvaceae),

acetosella,

a

cultivated

vegetable out of which soup

made.

It has a flower like

a convolvulus,

yellow with deep brown centre, and acid in taste

like

wa

;

ha ta

fiki

ha,

prov.

cf.

i.e.

It

sorrel.

used as seasoning,

cf.

yakumba,

1.

water-buck;

is

dodo-

yakuan muna-

mutum

daia che 'false to one false to

2.

woman. yakuta, to destroy, demolish, old

scratch ;

yakuche to be de-

stroyed, to perish

yaka, fem. yakiy pi. yaku, come yaki, pi. yakuna, yakoke, war,

is

yamala

407

the prophet

2.

.

;

also

tr.

to destroy.

yakutu*, Ar. id., a precious stone, ruby or sapphire, F 227. The Greek i6.KLv6o^, English jacinth, is the same word. yalla (cf. Fulah yalla perhaps), whether, or, e.g. B 56 yalla chikin

dere

ko

ko

jifjif

whether by night or just before dawn, B 156 yalla ta sarnu ko ba ta samuwa ha whether it be obtained or not obtained. yalo, 3

yaluna, a plant about

pi.

high, its fruit

ft.

is

like a

large tomato.

yalwa,yelwa, abundance;

yal-

the seasoning of a hypocrite is not for one man

wache abundantly. yayalwachi an intens. form = ful-

It is customary for a farmer who grows yakua to send presents of it to his

ness,

all,'

lit.

alone.

friends

:

with his

so too does the liar lies.

It

has also

medicinal uses. fatake, a tree with an orange-coloured berry-shaped

resembling berberus,

its leaves

mia.

are used in

;

cf

yalwata, tend

;

to

make

yalwata

great,

lahari

spread (or exaggerate) a

exto re-

port.

yakuar

flower

maiyelwa spacious

yalwata.

making

y&ma

(

Andropogon

ruf us, Gra-

mineae), a tall grass used for

thatching and

yamala*

mat making.

(Ar.), the large dot

placed below the line before

yamama

y to give the sound of Italian e

in Haiisa.

yamama,

be

to

sour

see

;

yami. also used

'my daughter' by a father or by any big as a voc. sing,

man to a small girl. yambu*, mud see yimhu.

yambururu carpa,

living in the S.E. of

Hausa-

y amy am. or nyamnyat probably an onomatopoeic

(Ipomaea

erio-

Convolvulaceae),

a

= yeriadi and awartvaro.

yamchi, to bind with cords so as to form a roof; cf. yanta.

grass

leaven, vinegar, any-

thing sour;

2.

sourness, /t^ra

yami the soup has gone adjectival form

;

yaina

;

yama

;

cf. 3.

yamama,

word, indicating either the unintelligible speech of bar-

hence

eating,

It

smacking

of

yay-

yan-

pain, a sore.

cannibalism.

also found as a tribal

is

name

in the Eastern Sudan.

yana, verbal pronominal masc.

sing.

pre-

pres. tense 3rd pers.

fix to

yamche,

1.

is

barians, or the

convolvulus with mauve or white flowers eaten by goats,

sour

cannibals, a namej given to the cannibal tribes]

the lips which might signify

;

ta yi

y amy am,

land.

yamata, yaiunata^

yamii,

yanda

408

like shina, it is

;

followed by nouns or participial

forms.

Hausa

it is

In colloquial

often pronounced

yina or ina, e.g. alkama ina da roshi the wheat is ground fine.

yana, a spider's web, cobweb, scum debe yana daga idonka a remark addressed to a hy;

yamma ing ing

;

(Ar. ^^), west, evenda yam,m,a in the even-

;

yammachi westward.

yammata,

used in Sokoto for

the procession with drums, etc.,

to a chief's house after

public prayers on Thursday

yamutsa, yamutse, up together,

ended.

to

mix

to be destroyed,

ended, intermingled, ta

««

n. staining,

yanbaka

(i.e.

e.g. ka-

yamutse the market

is

dyeing.

yan-haki), tribal

marks cut from the corners of the

mouth.

yanchi (from ya free), liberty,

nights.

sua

pocrite.

yanayi,

tion,

pi.

of da, son.

freedom, adop-

yanchi, yanlas or enchi

to free a slave.

yan-chiako*, chickens;

see

tsako.

yanda, yaenda, yawanda =

; .

yaro

409

yane saancta, like

;

as;

when, at what time,

B

mutua yadeath, when it

121

tvanda ta tafo comes.

handkerchief

maiyani a

of. ;

yani.

cf.

tains). ;

yaviche.

yantso, a grass used in thatching.

;

;

see

uwa.

see yami.

cut up

;

;

1.

the chief slave of a

king, used esp. in Sokoto

see

and

at Kano Zanfara districts he would be called san kurumi (=sarkin kurumi), i.e. head of the Kano market; ;

2.

head of

police.

yarili, infant

yarima,

see jarili.

;

heir to the

throne;

see yerlma.

ijenyena. n.

yarinia,

cutting up.

yanyawa or nyenyawa, a fox. yanzu, yenzu, now,

directly

koyanzu an emphatic form, even now% immediately; yanzu yanzu presently, forthwith; B 174 hal ya zua yanzu even to the present time yanzu ga this present time. yao, to-day see yau. yapki, yabki, 1. a kind of velvet cloth brought from the west 2. stickiness, slime, ;

;

danko.

yare, dialect, language ha su da wani yare sai hausa they yari,

yanta, to tie the layers of grass of which thatch is made ; cf

yanyama, bitter yanyana (K.), to

;

have no language but Hausa.

yanka, to cut see yenka. yankare, a tall thin man.

yan-uwa, brethren

pox spots see yar-rani. yaraye, boys see yaro. yarda, permission ; see yerda. ;

yanga, n. swaggering. yan-hutu, a soft hairy grass. yani, n. hanging up (e.g. cur-

applied

childhood, youth.

yarani, yellow needlework on a burnous possibly so named from its resemblance to small;

yane, to cover;

yanyane,

yaranchi(K.), yaranta,ka(S.),

to

plants,

e.g.

to

fem.

yaro,

of

girl,

young woman. yarinta, youth

;

cf yaro. .

yarj e, to consent see yerje. yar-jiki, a kind of tobe. ;

yarmandi,

a

which

potion

brings good luck in gambling

hands and mouth are washed in it, and the shells held momentarily in either the

before being thrown.

yaro,

pi.

child.

yaro

is

daria,

yara,

The

yaraye,

yarinia^ q.v. i.e.

boy,

corresp. fem. of

yaro-da-

laughing boy, the

;

yaro

410

name

applied to a certain kind of ground nut.

yaro-ba-ki-wuya, the revolving cage on which the spun yarn

is

wound

before weav-

ing.

yauki which

of

up

pounded

are

with gunpowder and rubbed

on the body in order to render it impervious to wounds. yau, often pronounced yo (cf.

which grows near habitations, = ga-

Ar. jb^), to-day, this day maiyo existing to-day, B 3 ubangijinmu maiyo maigobe He is our lord to-day and for ever, B 21. yau and

saiya, q.v.

yauwa

;

yar-rani, the dry season sickness, smallpox

yar-ungwa,

see yarani,

;

herb

a

yasa, finger see ydtsa. yasa, yashe, to dig, esp. to dig ;

over again,

ydshe

is

gener-

completed action, yasa rijia I was

are sometimes used,

for

yes,' morethey are also used to

well then,'

'

over

'

;

'

ally used of

express surprise,

thus na

yoyo,

digging a well, but na ydshe rijia I

completed the well.

yasda, yashe, to cast away see yezda.

now

1.

mud

in

small; yaskan kurdi

small money, i.e. shells. yasoso*, to scramble for - tvasoso.

yasuu, yashuu*, the original Arabic name for Jesus see under isa. ;

used with

;

(K.), spittle

;

yaudS.ra, deceit, a treacherous attack kashin yauddra death caused by treachery, mai;

yauddra a

ydtsu, masc.

deceitful trader,

yatsa nakafa toe, ha-

yatsan

ban yasa big toe, ka middle finger, aula yatsa fingers) a

yatsar biar

tsa-

(five-

plant, the leaves

miaa.

;

sister.

pi. ydtsosi,

cf.

yauchi, delay, going to and fro ya yi yauchin zakua he delays his coming; also as an adv. late.

yatsa,

little finger,

zashi

da,

;

yata, iyata, elder

;

yauyau or

of time, at last, just

fisu da yauyau he will overcome them eventually 2. of place close by, just behind ya yi yauyau he came behind.

yau

water.

finger

'

;

yashi, white sand or

yaska (S.),

word 'now,*

like the English

deceiver, esp.

a

yaudara

is

also used as a verb to deceive.

yaudo (used —

in Sokoto), a herb,

kalkashi, q.v.

yauki,

stickiness,

used of the

elasticity,

gummy properties

;

yayan

411

yaiini

and of ya rasa the yolk of an egg. yauki (of broth which is too maiyauki adhesive. liquid), of certain vegetables

yauni, the name

of a fish

with

sa

yawa-yavm

ceed

prolonged mouth.

yauni, a day see yini, yauri, an interjection expres-

to

multiply.

yawanchi a large portion, abundance. yawanta and yin yawanta to multiply, ya?vaita to have much of, exin.

yawanda, when, B

121

;

cf.

;

sing pleasure.

har yaushe until when,

how

long? sai yaushe of future time, when"? tunyaushe, id.,

koyaushe at any time, whenever. (cf.

Ar.

^^;*^)j

withering, wrinkling, fading,

used of a tree it

ya yi yaushi

;

shrivels up.

to multiply; see ya-

yawara,

meat

cut

in

long

thin strips and dried in the sun.

yawo,

pronounced yad, n. promenading, take.g. on horseexiercise, ing back; yin yaivo to walk, etc., na yawo bisa doki I took yaivexercise on horseback, wa walking, wandering. also

walking,

Kanuri

yaya,

id.,

children;

used of fruit of trees, crops, yayan kasa fruits, ya-

also

yauta, yauta da to set free cf.

yawanta, wa.

yaushe, when ? at what time 1 ddga yaushe from what time?

yaushi, yoshi

ya7ida.

yanchi.

yan

yaute, yotei, standard-winged nightjar (macrodipteryx macrodipterus).

chiki entrails.

yaya, cowries, etc. used for gambling in playing chacha; applied also to playing-cards.

yauwa, walking see yawo. yawa, the fibre of a tree used ;

for making rope. yawa, plenty, multitude, as adv. much yawan rai long ;

da-yawa (often pronounced deyawa or diyawa) rtiayawa or much, many, life.

7nasuyawa,

maiyawttj

pi.

many, used

esp. of

persons;

yaya, ya, ^kaka how, yaya sunanka ? what is your name? yayafa, yey efa, yinyifi, gentle rain,

anayeyefa

slightly

;

see

it is

yafa

raining to

be-

sprinkle.

yayalwachijfulness; &QeyaIwa.

yayamma, yayan pi.

of

sour ; see yami. yaki, soldiers, used as

dan yaki and mayaki.

!

yaye

412

yaye, to wean; see yeye. yaye, to uncover, to

yerda.

yekua, a proclamation take

yin

;

yekua to proclaim.

away; yaye lema open the

yella*, whether, or; see yalla.

umbrella.

yelwa, abundance

yaye,

yemma,

a weaned child.

n.

yayelwache

or

yayelwata,

to

y«

west

;

see yalwa.

;

see

yamma.

yenka, yenke, yenki,

to cut,

to reap, to slaughter, hence

hold, contain.

yayi, time, age ga yayin anahi in the time of the

various idiomatic uses,

e.g.

;

prophet, yayinzana the eve of

Ramadan,

wuche he sometime.

is

ya woni yayi yayinda when, yayinsa

old,

yayin nan at this time,

yayi also denotes fashion, anaya-

yin mundaye rings were the fashion.

yayi, dry, loose grass, lighting

e.g. for

fires.

calf's head so that its mother may not let him suck,

a

also generally of separation,

divorce. to

;

see

;

yehi, in

of,

to

i

\

common form of punish men

'

inflicted on thieves ; yenyenlo

to cut to pieces, also in fre

quentative sense, suka yenyenka kaji they killed several

yenke, yanke, yanka, ting, execution,

yeda, to throw ; see ydda. yeda, yMa, how, the way in which yeda kai or yeda ka so as you like; yeda yau this day week, yeda gohe to-morrow week. (used

to despair

fowls.

throw away

yezda.

yefi,

kamna magana

put an end to conversation, yenki dev' to get up and start during the night, yenke kurdi to fix the price, yenka pansa to fix a ransom, yenka gandu to fix a tax. mayenka puffed up,|j proud. yenkake, fern, yen kaka, pi. yenkaku, cut; yai' kon hami cutting off hands, a

yayi, used of tying thorns on

yazda,

yenke yenke

cf.

exclamation

Sokoto)

you madman yeho, a cry.

kai

yefi

isa

n. cut

laifinda ya

yanka a crime deserving dan yenki a rag or

death,

yenkai

strip of cloth,

to

describe

the

swimming on the yenta,

to bind grass

is

used

action

of

breast. ;

see yanta.

yenyena, y any ana, into

make yerdS,

to cut u, very small pieces, tu mincemeat.

(cf .

Ar.

;>;,

to send back),

!

yerdi^erda to

413

send back, remit.

This

word is probably distinct from yerddj to agree yerda ;

yi

yerima, yarima, son heir to the throne;

yerinjaya, overpowering

bashi to remit a debt.

yarda

lyerda,

^j,

to agree), to agree, approve,

consent

yerda da to rely ya yarda inaka he agreed with you ahin da ya yerda da shi that which pleases him yerdade, fern.

upon

;

;

;

;

yerdada^ ed

of,

agreed

received.

agree

to,

believed in,

yarje

yerje,

yerda, yarda, asked yardi

n.

;

to

Sokoto),

(in

Kano), permission granted cf ya nemi yarda gareta^ ta bashi yardi he sought her consent, she gave him permission, jerje^ ;

to

agree

jerji, jarji

;

.

cf.

yerda.

permission,

con-

sent.

yerdaji, trustworthy, faithful .

see yerda.

yerfa, yerfe, to throw yerfa

gumi

away

to dash the sweat

from the brow; used of a man who is working hard. yeriadi, a convolvulus, eaten

by

sheep,

awarwaro.

yezda, yez, to throw, to throw away B 89 sun yezda dunia ;

they cast aside the world cf. ydda. yi

[cf Xupe ji to make], make cf. yiwa, yiwo. .

=yambururu and

;

to do, It

;

is

frequently used idiomatically thus,

ya yi

factory

(cf.

it

does, it

Eng.

'

it

is satis-

does

')

;

ya yi mini wuya it is too diflficult for me ya yi girnia he has grown up; yi ta yi go on with what you are doing; ku yi ta tafia get ;

along

cf prec.

yerdi, yardi, agreement, faith

see

;

yayefa.

permission

yerji, yarji (in

jarje

to wean. yeyefa, to sprinkle water

mana do

yerje

to.

yesdajenia, the conclusion of a bargain. yeye, yaye, to wean. yeye, yaye, n., 1. weaning; 2. a weaned child, yin yeye

yerdadu, approv-

pi,

see

;

rinjaya.

Ar.

(cf.

of a king, cf. tafida.

!

yiu, yuu, impersonal

passive forms, shi yiu can it be done? can it be that?

Ans. ha shi yiuwa

it

is

im-

ya yuu (or yiwu) it has happened used with or without zua to go, sun yi {zua) gida, wani waje ya yi which way did he go ? Ans. ya yi gabas to the east, yi da possible,

;

;

;

yi

yoyo

414 to have business with

;

niun

uwayenku we

da

yi

did

business with your parents. yi da also to curse, yi da shi

away with him.

yi also ex-

presses equality, e.g.

wanan

ya yi wonchan this is equal to that, cf. H. Gr. p. 90; sun yi nawa how many were thei-e 1 anayi da shi he is set upon, he

abused, yin karia

is

used of a gun, to miss

fire

ya yi shekarafudu he is four years old rana ta yi it is daylight na yi I did, is ;

;

often used

use is

'

yes

answering a

in

where

question '

we

should

in the passive yi

;

often omitted, thus anhdka

used for anyi haka;

is

yiwa.

yiuwa

sible to

be done.

or

yuuwa

cf.

pos-

yika, to pay back.

yimbu, yambu, yumbu, clay, mud, esp. clay for making pots.

yimki

(K.), baboon.

yina,

iriB,

yini,

the

space of a day, a yin yini to stay or stop at a place for a day only, to continue, e.g. ina

day;

yini

etc.

light rain;

yiwa, yiwo, iwo, to make. yo, an affirmative interjection, yes, really

yo, to-day

see yau.

;

see yau.

;

yo, used in Sokoto for yiwo.

yodS,ra,

treachery

yodo, a herb

da hanu akansan

;

(S.),

yonkane,

is

yifi, to

he

;

yina zua

coming. cover

;

lo-

see yafa,

2.

(?)

meat.

to wither, of plants

man, to be wasted

yoya, to used in several

cf.

wofi.

ya.

he

yau-

see

see yaudo.

yotei, a nightjar

;

calities for shi

;

worthless;

(S.),

girma ba yai fada yi kare ha by the work of the hand is greatness known, it does not squabble like a dog cf. is

see yd-

ya/a.

yome*

i

working,

evening.

till

trict.

yi or

I con-

etc.

travelling,

yinyifi*,

yofi

cf.

aiki,

tafia,

tinue

da yin allah by the power of God, used esp. in Sokoto dis;

i

q.v.

ddra.

yi, working, doing, power,

yi, like

= shina,

also of

with disease. yoshi, to wither

;

;

see yaushi.

see yaute.

leak, percolate

;

pass.

yoyo.

yoyo, yoyo, pot;

at last n.

;

see

yauyau.

a leak in a roof or cf.

daki

yina

yoyo.

;

yuka jh'igi

yina yoyo the canoe

yuka (Zanf.), yumki*,

knife

;

see imika.

retch,

a violent effort, of a

to break out.

ytinkuri,

retching,

breaking

out.

zaha, chosen, picked out, se-

zaba, found in phr. kurdi zaha pure or genuine money it is probably a form of tsaba, q.v. :

zabantaka, zabanchi, choice cf.

yunwa (often pronounced yungn-a),

of

zahabu, particip. adj.

lected.

to seal.

yunkiira, to eructate,

make

zabahe, fem. zabaha,

chosen, pi.

leaks.

tire

zabki

415

famine

hunger,

jin

;

yunwa to feel hungry, da yunwa hungry, ina da yunwa I am hungry. yuuwa, possible see under yi. ;

zabe.

z&baya,

n.

an

albino.

zabe, to choose

;

see zaba.

zabe, zabi, n. choice, preference; cf. M. H. p. 202 na baki zabi I give you the preference,

chinikin zabi a sale

which the buyer is allowed time to decide whether he in

za, used as auxiliary to

form

will accept, the offer remain-

zamu

tashi

ing open,

the future,

we

e.g.

shall arise, for a further

account of the use of za, cf. za is used with Gr. p. 33.

da (formerly) to express unintention, e.g. da

fulfilled

zani tafia I intended to go. .za and zo to come, probably stand to each other in the same relation as bida and bido,

cf.

Gr.

p.

46, they are

both probably connected with je, the z being palatalized to

j through the influence the vowel following.

of

zaba, zabe, to choose, select, elect, e.g. rmin zabeka we zahu to be choose thee,

zaben tumin

dei'e

'a leap in the dark.'

zabgai, poison put on arrows. zabia, 1. with pi. zabiyoyi, a minstrel, a king's musician; 2.

a

species

coloured

date

of

dark

(cf.

(?)

red

Ar.

zabibi, a bulbous plant with a yellow flower from which a

dye is made. zabibi* (Ar. w--rfj), zabira, wallet

;

zabki, to soften,

by soaking ta

zabki

heads.

;

it

raisin.

see sabira. esp. to soften

D 65 kai garemu will

soften our

zabo zabo

416 or zabon-defi (Aloe ze-

zagi it is

a hot day.

su yi fwjuj they fought fiercely,

brina, Liliaceae), a plant with

da

spiny succulent leaves and

M. H. p. ful, na ji

red or yellow flowers

some

juice of

the

:

varieties is used

in the preparation of

arrow

poison.

a guinea-fowl.

pi. zahi, sabi,

zaboko, blue pepper-and-salt pattern cloth.

saddle

heart

panels of

a

zabura, to start back, to rise up quickly, to start, of a zaburi,

tr.

to cause

to start, zaburo to charge towards the speaker.

zabura*

speed.

(Ar. j^^j),

z agar all,

writing

zwage

expectation, hope, yin

zache to expect, await, anticipate, suppose

z^fa

(S.),

;

cf.

tsachi, zdto.

clearing ground for

zafafa, to

make warm.

zS,fe

to clear

(S.),

a stone, haderi ina zagawa

ground for

hot water

;

;

man zafi

rana tana da

going round

zagawa

he was prowling round, freq.

form zazzaga to keep on going backwards, na zazaga kasan nan I have been up

and down zage,

this country.

zagi, ;

n.

cf.

reviling,

re-

shina zaginsa he

zagezagi, the people of Zaria. zagi, reviling

pain

is

shina

there,

reproaches him.

sowing. zafi, zafi, heat,

zagi,

forwards, zaga dutsi to avoid

proach

sowing, hoeing.

(S.),

go round, pass by, walk about, walk backwards and

over

n.

the dried

used as a

to

the Psalms, or the Gospels. ing a turban, with red edge.

is

red-and-

purgative.

zage, zaga,

chan the storm

zabuta, white muslin for mak-

tall

a plant,

from God, used of the Koran,

zache,

zafi

zaga, a shelf made with mud. zaga, tooth, tusk.

root of which

see zubuka.

horse,

rai anger,

revile.

off.

stuffed ;

zafiii

;

also used to express great

zagagi, zagigi, a white stork.

;

zabuka,

zafi pain-

zaga, zage, zagi, to reproach,

zabore, reeds ; see tsabore. zabro, mosquito see sabro. zabta, to bite

da

196.

zafi I feel pain, jin

zafin zuchia to be cut to the

is

zabo, sabo, fem. zabua, sabua,

zafi

zafi,

zS,gi,

zegi,

man,

esp.

;

see zage.

pi.

zagagi, a foot-

the

man who walks

before the horse of a sarki

with a red blanket. zagia, the projection or pulling out of arrows from the end

going to and

n.

ing in front

see

;

fro, go-

zcige.

z&go, a harpoon for river

fish-

;

see tsahiri.

zaiba (Ar. oujj),

quicksilver.

zaiti* (Ar, woj),

olive,

olive

used in Hausaland as an

ointment for the skin. zaka, a measure see zakka. zaka, 1. to come zaka, f. zaki, 2*. to go, pi. zaku, come! e.g. D 22 ku7ia zaka da haji go on the pilgrimage, zakua ;

Sl^), 1. alms, e.g. ka her riba ka bada cease from unlawful

(Ar. 17,

zaka

gain, give tithes;

tithes;

2.

a tax, esp. that paid on guinea-corn crops. 3.

zaka, the fut. aux. verb, second pers. sing. masc. ; zaka gani thou wilt see

;

see za,

zakainya, zakanya,

;

zakdran dawaki flies

about

and cries kura kura, coming is considered an

at night its

omen

of

surdi

a

mark

war, zakdra maiwith a red on its back like a cock

saddle.

zaki, sweetness, goodness,

a

mia the

F

taa-

zakdru^ masc. (Ar.

a large bird which

vour,

coming.

pi.

j^3)) cock

;

z&ka

see

zS-kanko*, wood ash from which salt is obtained, made from the shrub kayar rakumi. zak^ra,

ing.^

zahiri, clear

between;

zakani*, kani.

of gdra.

zago,

A

bush with white trumpetshaped flowers and prickly capsules from which is obtained a deliriant poison, also called haukat-yaro.

of a quiver.

z&go, the white ant, the male

oil

zakka

417

zagia

flavour of soup, a

fem. form zazzaka cf.

mia

fla-

zakin

sweetmeat,

is

used;

zazzaka.

zaki, the fut. aux, verb, second pers. sing. fem.

;

see za.

zaki, zaiki, fem. zakainya, za-

kanya, pi. zakoki, lion, zaki hanza (sham-lion), a small plant with flower like mignonette.

lioness;

zakka, zikka, jikka

(cf.

see zaki.

(?)

So-

Ar. sjj, a bag made of skin),

lanaceae), the 'thorn-apple.'

a measure for grain, a tin

zakami (Datura R. H. D.

spinosa,

27

;;

zaku

pan, the Sokoto equivalent of

zamanchi

418

Kano mudu.

zakn, aux. verb, second pers.

tense,

fut.

pi.

see za.

;

zaku, a species of large bean, zakua, coming ; see zaka. zakuda, 1. to move forward a very little or to make room ; 2. to migrate cf. zauda; see seq. ;

zakudo,

move nearer

to

to the

speaker.

zallantaka vile),

(cf.

Ar. J3, to be

unchastity.

cone-shaped, e.g. a sugar cone. tion

;

deceitfulness, extor-

see tsalimi.

z3.ina, often contracted to

zam

zamma, sometimes pronounced samma, to come (S.),

into a condition or state, to

become, zama kainsa to be

zama^ da

ni

hankali I shall behave wisely. zayn is used in Sokoto for

zamka = ka yi cf. seq. zama, masc, and zamanchi, yi,

state,

;

condition,

e.g.

C

15

enna da zama na dawama where is a state of continuance? hence affairs, enna

zaman gari how

well thank you

;

are quite

continuance,

zamansa na dunia his soon earth, E 18 masuzama ga hainyoyin m.u-

journing

who

sulmi those

continue in

ways of Mussulmans. Hence its use when repeated, zama zama after some time the

yin zama to succeed in doing anything attempted, ya yi

zama ya

zama he waited

yi

and waited ya yi zamansa he went about his business. sun gam zama wuri daia they abode together,

yi zor

where you are. M. H. p. 219 sun kasa zama they have been restless, lit. they have lacked rest, ya yi zamansa he rested himself, M. H. p. 200. zaman dunia life, the enjoyment of the mAjunka stay

zalumi, see tsalimi. zalwani, zalwami, a blackand-white women's cloth.

independent,

Ans. zamait

we

;

zallo, the form of a cone, dazallo

zalumchi,

the town?

in

gari da godia

is

your stay

world, zaman surdi riding; yanda akeyi zaman surdi the zama proper way to ride, da masoyi (lit. living with a friend) a kind of cloth.

zam.a (S.), 1. prep, because of; F 90 zaman kushewa for burial cf.

;

2. conj. for,

because

gama.

zaman, war, enmity. zamanchi, condition;

see za-

; !

samani

zanohe

419

zamanu

zamani,

(cf.

Ar.

ya

stop, doki

zam,e

the horse stopped of

inanin annahi in the time

zamani kadan a short time, G 4 ya of the prophet,

yi zamanishi he reigned. zajnarke, a species of leguminous plant used for burning.

y^j

itself,

or

zanba

crime,

adultery

rurufli

don

ta

(Ar. wo3),

tana

;

ckb

zanba

yi

it

practises deceit in order that

may commit

crime

a

cheating, e.g. in selling.

zambache, zambata, to cheat, maizambachi or maizambata one who cheats, a cheat, from the same rt comes zunufi, q.v.

to stop at a place, to reside,

down

dwell, sit

;

ba ya zauna

bahar... he had no time to

wait before

.

.

mazauni

.

resi-

zam-

nasda, zamshe, zamne*^ to cause to remain,

tr.

ba abin

da ya zam^himu there

is

nothing that causes (us) to Tnaizamna, pi. masustay. zamna, a dweller, inhabitant, sojourner.

zamne,

to

hold

back,

close

a road.

zamshe, to cause to stay sit down cf. zamna.

or to

;

zambar, thousand,

cf.

Songai

jowher.

zam.u,

to cheat

see zamba-

;

che.

aux.

fut.

pers. pi.

zambata,

Ar.

(cf.

a long time),

IV, to last

dence, abiding place,

zamba

it

zamna, zona, zauna

dakansa

verb,

first

see za,

;

zana, 1. to reckon up, take account of E 4 halinmu zaankazana sai mit, tuba our ;

zambo, abuse

(e.g.

in litera-

ture).

(evil)

zambu, a Nupe dish, made with flour and zame, zami

e.g.

one

onions.

Ar.

deeds shall be reckoned

up unless we repent; 2. draw strokes or lines,

to to

paint.

Jij,

to

zami

or

zana, a grass mat, laiyan zana

zam^ also to pull up, rein in, zami nana pull up here

a charm; cf. M. H. p. 195. zanba, zanbata, see zamba,

muzzle a

zamia^

(of.

camel),

zamua

the

reining

in of a horse after a gallop fage.

zame

also intrans. to

zambata.

zanche,

pi.

zantatuka, word,

conversation

;

yin zanche to

;

420

zS.ne speak,

z^ne,

zantawa

converse.

conversing

cf.

;

z3,ni,

zanzanche. zdne-zdne,

pi.

a pattern. z^ne, zene, pi. zdnua, masc. spot, line,

or

fern.,

cloth,

1.

the

esp.

longer bojdy cloth worn by

women, Gr.

p.

of oblong shape

138,

1.

cf.

;

23 masuzdna

who

wear women's a measure of 2. clothes; cloth of about 15 feet. zangarami*, a large tree with those

poisonous

see

;

sangamia,

zangarnu, ears

pi.

corn

of

or

for the

sel-

used except in counting cf

.

Songai jongo.

zani, fut. aux. verb,

first pers.

go

sing., I will or I will

;

see

za.

zankam*

(K.), deceit.

zanko, a

tuft of

hair in the

(K.), to speak,

speaking;

cf.

zantawa

zanche.

zantara, to deceive, defraud. zantatuka, words ; cf. zanche.

father of buzzing),

lit.

mason wasp, and

nests

insects

on spiders

sting

;

not

does

it

;

the

nmd

builds

it

lives

and

see zazaro (S.).

zanzoma, a

feint or pretended

attack.

zara, zaro, zari, zare, to pull

magana zarar hunu

cf.

;

is

as the pull-

ing out of thatch,

zaraba, a bunch (?)

i.e. it

can-

of dates

;

cf.

zahia.

zarahi,

opportunity

ba ni da zarafi I have not opif you have an opportunity. zarakua, mother-in-law, M. H.

p.

149

zarau,

see sarakua.

;

pi.

zara-zara,

tall.

zarbe, egret, white or grey, found on banks of rivers, with long neck.

zarche*, zS.re

middle of the head.

zanta

M.

conversation,

187; see zanche. zanzaro (cf. Ar. ^Jpj ^, wasp,

portunity, idan ha sarmi zarafi

see zungo.

zango, zungo, a hundred,

;

an inten-

p.

zarali,

millet.

zango, a halting place

cowries

zanzanche, H.

;

of zdne spot.

not be recalled.

zangamia,

dom

form

sive

a word spoken

zangarnia.

;

zanzana, smallpox

out

fruit.

zangare, blade, stalk. zangarko, ears of corn

night

zare

(cf.

e.g.

A

tr.

to increase.

Swaheli

zari), thread,

75 shi ne ya ke dum-

kin fari ha zare he

is

as a

man

sewing a white garment without thread cf. zaria. ;

zare, to spin, mazari spindle.

;

zauwarchi

421

zarge zarge,

to lasso, to catch in

v.

a noose.

zarge,

zarguna

pi.

43^, a

noose),

a

zarumta,

n. bravery. zashi, fut. aux. verb, third pers.

in

loop

zasu, pi.

from the same Ar. cf. rt comes azirka, q.v. mazargi and azargagi.

string;

;

zargi, grumbling

zarge,

zargi,

;

to

curse;

see

will

see za,

;

aux. verb, third pers.

fut.

= they

will

see za.

;

zati (Ar. OtS), greatness, majesty, size, realm.

^

zS,to,

see zergi.

= he

sing.

Ar.

(cf.

tseto,

thought,

n.

zdto to suppose

zage,

cf . zache.

;

zatsa*, a Sokoto form of za, to

zari*, leaf, stalk. zari, to spin

;

see zare.

zari, to draw, e.g. a sword or

an arrow from a quiver

;

see

go ; cf. F 237. zau, a large fish, from which oil

for eating

zauda,

zari. a hole, e.g. in the nose of

an ox, or of a man. zari, zowari, 1. plenty to eat, one who eats 2. voracity much, a glutton; see zo-

place;

obtained,

is

move away,

to

zara. cf.

zauna, a form of zamna down, M. H. p. 203. zaura,

zaria, fem. of zare, to tie

up

q.v.,

trousers,

leaping,

a string

wando.

dancing;

zarnawi,a special kind

yin

of brass

n.

zarta, to shoot through, pierce, zartsi, brackishness, saltness

man

zartsi.

pi.

zarumai,

woman

pi.

zaru-

niawa, a brave warrior.

;

a

see zauri.

riddle, puzzle,

zauruka,

hall,

a porch

cf.

kurdin zaure the fee

paid by a bridegroom to the officiating

mallam.

zauri, widower

zarumi, zaromi, zarmi, jarimi*.

zauwara, widow,

178.

zaure,

wasting away,

1. a a white

with double entrance; zaurin shanu a cow-shed, M. H. p.

poli.

2.

;

cf . ido.

;

zauranche, zaure,

stirrups imported from Tri-

cf.

zaura,

divorced

zaria to dance.

zami,

variegated cloth stone

wari.

to sit

zaura,

idon

cf.

give

zakuda.

;

zaria,

ex-

yin

pectation, anticipation,

;

see zaure.

zauta, anger.

zauwara, widow see zaura, zauwarchi, widowhood. ;

27—3

;;

zauwati

zauwati, a specially good white

zerto, a saw; probably another

form of

cloth.

zawo, zawayi, diarrhoea. zayena (cf. Ar. rt ,jjj,

to

illu-

minate a manuscript.

Pro-

bably the same word as zuina, q.v.

zaza* 1. bank, cf. F 182 zazan wuta a bank of fire; 2. a marshy place. zezebi,

yin

fever;

zdzabi to have fever.

a freq. form of zage, q.v. zdzaga or zdzagawa tremfro,

zazaka, a fem. form from

zaki^

;

the

e.g. of

malamai

at; see seq.

zazari, to hasten after

;

B

133

wanda ha ga na zazari hanna

whom you see hastening after evil.

= kayan rakumi. ;

zazewa, the name 1.

zia^-a

him

cf. seq.

;

ziarta, to go on the pilgrimage,

zigazigai, bellows; see zuga

i

zugi.

zikka, a measure for grain see zakka. 90

zikir*

(Ar.

j.^3),

a,

special prayer or invocation;

zina

we

zikri

(cf.

Ar.

pray.

Oj

and

tl3j),

whoring, adultery; inasuzina profligates

of a small

grumbling;

yin zina to be

;

maizinachi adul-

profligate, terer,

maizinachia adulteress.

zinaria

Ar. jUj^

(cf.

Gr.

SrjvdpLov,

a gold Lat. de-

narius), gold.

zinder, the name of a large

town see zanzaro.

white-breasted bird.

avarice, greed.

37

salute the mallams;

B 168 zamu ziara nai we will salute

coin,

zazari giwa (elephant hastener), a shrub with long thorns, zazaro(S.), wasp

C

visit

see seq.

zazare, to protrude, zazare ida-

nu ga to cast eyes

see zdzabi.

;

or salute anyone,

muna

sweetness.

eye after a blow

file.

see zdto.

ziara (Ar. S^bj), to go to

zikri,

bling.

zergi, zargi,

zezebi, fever

;

zikir, see zikri.

zSizaga, zS,zage, to go to and

zazalo, protruding,

derto, a

zeto, to think

adorn, to ornament), to

z^zabi,

zipka

422

in the

zini, a point

zinke, a

;

little

French Sudan, see tsini.

spike of straw

see tsinki. 2.

zipka*, a cloth put over a native saddle with two large

;

;

ziragudunia holes

to

the projecting

fit

points of the saddle.

a bucket into

zirawa lowering a

;

bucket. ;

shower, or a cloud threatening but not producing rain cf.

with da to come with a thing, i.e. to bring it.

come

;

zawwa* coming, used

with pronouns ending in na to form pres., e.g.

we

are coming

post haste,

muna zua

zuan manzo

;

the going of

lit.

ya zua* and zua are employed with any a messenger,

number or person *

to, unto,' e.g.

sokoto they

su

to express

ya zua

tafi

went to Sokoto

hal ya zua yanzu even to the

present time

;

D

100 inuna

godia zua ga allah thanks to God cf.

we

;

zoba

(S.),

(cf.

see tsoma.

Ar.

*aJ9,

shaida seal-ring,

zogalla-gandi

or

stamp

to

a ring

zomo, zomu,

45

1.

zomai

pi.

(cf.

i "

Ar. &>«;, swift, an adj. esp. applied to the hare), hare,

zongo, a halting-place,

etc.

see zungo.

zowalli, zowal, the time soon after midday, zowari, covetousness, voracity

a glutton

j

zozo, a plant

see zari. ;

see soso.

zua, a participial form of zo, q.v.

zua zua*, by and

by,

or the expression

corruption *ty«»,

to exceed in size, to

seal),

131,

p.

{ma^uyjida zomo zamu daki we who had to drive out the hares are coming to your

give

to seek again.

with a

zoma*, to dip zomo, cf. Gr.

of

just so

;

cf.

prec,

may be

a

the Ar. cty^ cf.

sua sua.

za.

be better than. zobe, to try to recover a thing,

zobe

zoje, to revenge.

houses.

zimania, ginaria.

zua,

zogi, pain.

;

zimako, wasp see zurnako. zimania, a cloud producing a

zo, to

gandi, q.v., horse-radish tree (Meringa pterygosperma, Leguminosae).

ziragudunia, somersault. zire, to lower

a well

ziiba

423

;

zohen

seal,

rogalla-

zuba, zube, zubo (Ar. ^g^), 1. tr. to pour, pour out; 2. intr. to gush out, leak ; zuba idanu to take no notice of; na zuba masa idanu I shut

my

eyes to his doings

intrans.

to

;

also

be poured out,

etc. ; girmanka ya zube you have lowered yourself. Other

;;

zubas tr.

zuke

424

forms are

ziihas, zitbasda,

zuhshe (Zanf.) to pour out,

prefer this to that,

heart

zuchia

used as a periphr.

is

B

implying accident or injury,

for

throw out, throw away zuhda or zuhdama to upset,

wanda zuchiata rinjayi he who overcomes his own heart.

to

esp.

water;

upset

to

ziXbu

rua ya zubu the rain

intr. V.

pours down; zuhuwa pouring out.

F

115

zubas, zubasda, zubda, see zuha.

oneself;

zufa, akin

consisting of

several

face,

short

fine cuts close together.

zajl, q.v., heat,

yin

perspiration; perspire,

zufa

ferment.

to

to Cf.

diinhvjin zufa red beads. zuga, to blow with bellows;

zubi, bright iron wrought into cups, etc.

e.g. of

branches.

or stuffing of

see zabuka.

;

zubuta*, a small red turban with a white border. zuchia, pi. zukata, zutochi, ;

2. fig.

1.

as the seat

two hearts)

(lit.

doubt, hesitation, deceitfulness; karamin zuchia ness of heart

a bad sense;

is

little-

only used in

maganan zuchia

zugazuganta

for

Indies

bellows.

man who

blows a

wanan da wanchan

I

in

West

as the 'physic

sitting or squatting

on

the ground in silent dejec-j tion

see tsuguna.

;

zukatta

very sorry; zuchiata ta fi

hedges,

known

nut.'

zugum,

ya hata marii

;

the

up

lift

stick fixed into the bellows.

zuina*,

zuchia or zuchiata ta hache I

188 malaiku

zugu, a strip of cloth from the loom before it is sewn into chi^ii da zugu, or a piece, bini da zugu 'jatropha curcas,' Euphorbiaceae, a shrub

used as an exclamation of

astonishment

(Ar.

with bellows, maziga the

used

of feelings, desires, passions

zuchia hiu

fire

F

zu-

pi.

zugazugai

su tsaida

mazigi a

zubuka, panels

the heart

zigazigi,

gazuganta,

angels will

zubu, greedy. zubugi, a heap, a saddle

zugazugi,

Oj), bellows,

zubi, n. pouring out.

rinjaya

to

(1)

shi

37,

see seq.

zube, tribal marks on the

am

cf.

to seal (cf.

to ask for help

zuke,

cf.

;

zayena.

Ar. Sl^j, alms), ;

to evade,

lurch, slip from.

cf

.

zaka.

leave in the

the

zulaidi,

zulaidu,

weaver

tailed

long-

(vidua

bird

sarikin

called

principalis)

tsuntsaye (king of the birds), because other birds follow

round it. its call and zulbi, a water-bird with a naked beak about 8 in. long. fly

zulumi,

fear;

doubt,

cf.

(?)

tsalumi.

a bird that

lives

on honey.

zumami

Ar. ^,0-^ ^h ^^ (cf. impress anything on the memory), a

list

memorandum

or

goods written on paper,

anything written, a memoran-

dum.

zumda, zunda,

to play tricks

behind a person's back, to deride.

zumde,

zunde,

playing

n.

zumu,

zumu

see

;

zumu.

zumurruz*

(Ar.

F

emerald,

id.,

>>^j),

227.

zunda, deride see zumda. zungo, zongo, zango, 1. a ;

hayan

zutigo

tsakanin-

outside the camp,

one

day's

them

;

zungo

2.

is

march between

a day's march.

zongo, a hundred

or

shells; see zango.

to poke with a stick,

zungura,

to knock.

zunguri, knocking, e.g. pushing with the elbow.

zunguru, a long gourd, also used by women as a musical instrument.

One

end

is

the upper end.

zuntsia, grass bush

zum,unchi,

clan feeling,

30

aso

zu-

friend-

allah

aso

;

see tsin-

tsiya.

zunubi,

sin

zunufi,

zunubi*

pi.

honey.

D

da^a

camp;

the player opens and closes

q.v.

zumai; cf. prov. zumu zUma ne a relation is zumunia,

ship,

ship

the thigh while one hand of

Ar. i«5, clientship,

(cf.

munta

;

rela-

sister,

client), friend, brother, fern.

as

zumua, honey see zumu. zumunchi, zumunta, friend-

a feminine form

(Daura),

tion, friend,

of

love

God,

pressed against the inside of

tricks, deriding.

zumnia

love

friendship.

su zungo guda ne there

faintness; see suma.

zuma*,

zumunchi

halting-place for the night,

zuma, zumua, masc. honey, kudan zuma bee. shazumami

of

zunzu

425

zulaidu

;

see seq.

(Ar.

^3),

sin, evil.

zunzu, fem. zunzua, bird tsuntsu.

;

see

;

zunzuna

zwakia

426

zunzuna (Cochlospermum tincBixaceae),

a shrub

with large yellow

rose-like

torium,

= rawaya.

flowers,

j

;

zuri* (K.), a mass, da zuri much. zuria

false-

zurma,

hood, shaidan zur false wit-

hand.

zur

(Ar. j^J,

forgery),

zurma,

ness.

zura, to arrange in

line,

azura

duatsu nan a zare thread zura da gudu these beads, to run very hard

(cf.

sheka

da gudu). to

or sand,

be deep. J

zurfi

(cf.

Ar. o»^A., the steep

side of a hill), depth,

D

82

zurfinta ya fi gaban michali its

cjj), offspring,

to stretch out, e.g. the

pi.

zurmom% a

depth exceeds

all

com-

tree

from the leaves of which is made a medicine for rubbing on the

eyes.

zumako, zimako, zurnania, clouds

trickle, of water mazurari a spout or funnel for pouring water into a narrow-necked tulu. zure, a children's game. zurfafa, to go deeper into, to

zurare,

Ar.

(cf.

descendants.

;

wasp.

seezirna7iia.

zuru, a steadfast gaze ; generally used in a bad sense, yin

zuru to

stare.

zuruki, father-in-law ; zuwari, zuari or

cf surki. .

zwari,

greedy see zowari. zuza, itch, yin zuza to itch ;

see 8usa.

zwakia

(cf.

(?)

Ar.

adorn), small beads

women on

sJ^j,

to

worn by

the forehead.

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